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A Disc Cutter Composite Drill Bit Suitable for Difficult-Drilling Formation

A composite drill bit and disc cutter technology, applied in construction and other directions, can solve the problems of cutting teeth falling off, low rock breaking efficiency of the drill bit, and unsatisfactory working life.

Active Publication Date: 2019-05-10
SOUTHWEST PETROLEUM UNIV +1
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0009] Existing PDC drills with synchronous cutting principle (including PDC drills with disc cutters) not only drill into complex and difficult-to-drill formations (high hardness, high abrasiveness, even gravel-containing layers, interlayers and other heterogeneous formations). Efficiency is limited and its working life is not ideal
The main reasons are as follows: First, in order to ensure that the drill bit has a strong ability to eat or penetrate the rock surface when drilling in hard formations, it is necessary to use cutting teeth with a small size (diameter), but the small diameter cutting teeth The exposed height is small, and the wearable height is significantly lower than that of the large-diameter cutter, but the wear speed of the cutter is faster at this time, thus forming an insoluble contradiction in the design of the drill bit for difficult-drilling formations: if the large-diameter cutter is used , the cutting teeth are difficult to penetrate into the rock (especially after a certain degree of wear), and the rock breaking efficiency of the drill bit is low; if the small diameter cutting teeth are used, the working life of the cutting teeth is not enough
Second, when the drill bit drills in hard formations and heterogeneous formations, the cutting teeth are often subjected to strong impact loads, and a small number or even individual cutting teeth are prone to rapid failure phenomena such as shedding, fracture, fragmentation, and cracking of the diamond layer. Once this phenomenon occurs, it will lead to the chain failure of the cutting teeth in the adjacent area due to the increase of the working load, and then the circumcision phenomenon, that is, the exposed part of the cutting teeth of the drill bit in the radial area is completely or mostly worn off. , and then grind out annular grooves on each blade body of the drill bit
Therefore, when the ring groove is worn out on the drill bit, it is generally considered that the drill bit has lost or is close to losing its cutting ability. Not only can it not be used in the well, but even repair (replacement or refurbishment of the worn cutting teeth) is difficult to implement in severe cases.

Method used

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  • A Disc Cutter Composite Drill Bit Suitable for Difficult-Drilling Formation
  • A Disc Cutter Composite Drill Bit Suitable for Difficult-Drilling Formation
  • A Disc Cutter Composite Drill Bit Suitable for Difficult-Drilling Formation

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0111] Such as figure 1 , 11, 12, and 13 show a disc cutter drill with asynchronous cutting principles, including a drill body 1, a plurality of blades 3 extending to the drill body 1, a disc cutter 2 that is rotatably connected to the drill body 1, and arranged on the drill body. The water eye or nozzle 61 on the body 1, the wheel palm 21 is arranged on the drill body 1, the disc cutter 2 is installed on the wheel palm 21, and forms a rotational connection with the wheel palm 21, and the disc cutter 2 is arranged outside the disc cutter body by the disc cutter body. The blades 3 are provided with several first groups of cutting teeth 41, and the tooth surface 33 of the blades 3 is provided with dimples for fixing the first group of cutting teeth 41. Between the blades Water eyes or nozzles 61 are arranged in the flow passage, and the body outline 32 of at least one blade 3 (may include a front blade body outline and a rear blade body outline) and at least one other blade 3 ...

Embodiment 2

[0118] Such as Figure 14 As shown, this embodiment is basically the same as Embodiment 1, the difference is that the disc cutter 2 includes at least three protrusions 321 to form a wave-shaped or star-shaped disc cutter, such as Figure 15 shown. Figure 16 for Figure 14 (In order to clearly see the contour line of the blade body and the contour line of the outer edge of the disc cutter, only the tooth arrangement of the two blades is given).

Embodiment 3

[0120] Such as Figure 17 , 18 As shown, the present embodiment is basically the same as the first embodiment, the difference is that the disc cutter 2 is directly fixed on the blade 3, and is arranged on the front side of the blade 3, while in the first or second embodiment, the disc cutter is set The wheel palm 21 is independently arranged on the drill body. In this embodiment, the disc cutter is directly arranged on the blade body, which saves the valuable space of the drill bit, and the disc cutter 2 does not replace the tooth arrangement on the cutter wing 3, that is, the total diamond tooth arrangement volume of the drill bit is not reduced. As well known to researchers in the field, the disc cutter 2 can also be provided with the blade 3 on the rear side of the blade 3, and the disc cutter can be arranged on both the front and rear sides of the blade 3 body.

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PUM

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Abstract

The invention discloses a disc cutter type multiple drill bit suitable for a hard-to-drill stratum. The disc cutter type multiple drill bit comprises a drill bit body, a plurality of cutter wings extending to the drill bit body, a disc cutter rotatably connected relatively to the drill bit body, and a water hole or a nozzle formed in the drill bit body; a plurality of first groups of cutting teeth are formed in the cutter wings, a slot is formed in the tooth surface of the cutter wing to fix the first group of cutting teeth, the disc cutter comprises a disc cutter body and disc cutter teeth arranged on the disc cutter body, the contour line of a body of at least one cutter wing and the contour line of a body of at least another cutter wing have at least one mismatched area in the common coverage area and at least one matched point or matched area. The structural feature enables the drill bit to work in an asynchronous cutting manner, so that the longitudinal abrasion length of the drill bit is increased, the service life of the drill bit is prolonged, in addition, the drill bit is kept in a high specific pressure drilling state in the whole drilling process, and the capability of the drill bit drilling in a rock is strengthened. Therefore, and the drilling speed and the service life of the drill bit in the hard-to-drill stratum are increased and prolonged.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical equipment fields of petroleum and natural gas drilling engineering, mining engineering, building foundation engineering construction, geological drilling, tunnel engineering, hydrology, shield tunneling and non-excavation, and in particular relates to a drilling bit. Background technique [0002] Drill bits are rock-breaking tools used to break rocks and form wellbores in drilling engineering. PDC bits and roller cone bits are commonly used. PDC bits rely on high hardness, wear-resistant, self-sharpening polycrystalline diamond composite sheets to shear and break rocks. PDC bits have high mechanical penetration rate, long life and low drilling cost in soft to medium hard formations. are widely used in. Existing fixed cutter bits represented by PDC bits usually have several blades, and multiple cutting elements are arranged on the blades along the radial direction of the bit (for PDC bits, the cutting elements are...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): E21B10/43
CPCE21B10/43
Inventor 杨迎新张春亮戚清亮林敏黄奎林王吉
Owner SOUTHWEST PETROLEUM UNIV
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