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A Punching Composite Drill Bit Suitable for Difficult-Drilling Formation

A composite drill bit and formation technology, which is applied to drill bits, earth-moving drilling, drilling equipment, etc., can solve the problems of strong impact load of cutting teeth, low rock breaking efficiency of drill bits, and difficulty of cutting teeth invading rocks.

Active Publication Date: 2019-02-15
SOUTHWEST PETROLEUM UNIV +1
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0009] The existing PDC bit with synchronous cutting principle is not only limited in drilling efficiency but also has a short service life when facing complex and difficult-to-drill formations (high hardness, high abrasiveness, even heterogeneous formations containing gravel layers, interlayers, etc.). ideal
The main reasons are as follows: First, in order to ensure that the drill bit has a strong ability to eat or penetrate the rock surface when drilling in hard formations, it is necessary to use cutting teeth with a small size (diameter), but the small diameter cutting teeth The exposed height is small, and the wearable height is significantly lower than that of the large-diameter cutter, but the wear speed of the cutter is faster at this time, thus forming an insoluble contradiction in the design of the drill bit for difficult-drilling formations: if the large-diameter cutter is used , the cutting teeth are difficult to penetrate into the rock (especially after a certain degree of wear), and the rock breaking efficiency of the drill bit is low; if the small diameter cutting teeth are used, the working life of the cutting teeth is not enough
Second, when the drill bit drills in hard formations and heterogeneous formations, the cutting teeth are often subjected to strong impact loads, and a small number or even individual cutting teeth are prone to rapid failure phenomena such as shedding, fracture, fragmentation, and cracking of the diamond layer. Once this phenomenon occurs, it will lead to the chain failure of the cutting teeth in the adjacent area due to the increase of the working load, and then the circumcision phenomenon, that is, the exposed part of the cutting teeth of the drill bit in the radial area is completely or mostly worn off. , and then grind out annular grooves on each blade body of the drill bit
Therefore, when the ring groove is worn out on the drill bit, it is generally considered that the drill bit has lost or is close to losing its cutting ability. Not only can it not be used in the well, but even repair (replacement or refurbishment of the worn cutting teeth) is difficult to implement in severe cases.

Method used

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  • A Punching Composite Drill Bit Suitable for Difficult-Drilling Formation
  • A Punching Composite Drill Bit Suitable for Difficult-Drilling Formation
  • A Punching Composite Drill Bit Suitable for Difficult-Drilling Formation

Examples

Experimental program
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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0101] like figure 1 , 2, 12, 13, and 14, a punching compound drill bit with asynchronous cutting principle, including a drill body 1, a knife wing 3 consolidated relative to the drill body 1, and a water eye or nozzle 61 arranged on the drill body 1 , the blade 3 is provided with several first groups of cutting teeth 41, the tooth surface 33 of the blade 3 is provided with dimples for fixing the first group of cutting teeth 41, and the drill body 1 has an impact force transmission structure 221 and an impact cutting mechanism. Structure 2, impact cutting teeth 21 are arranged on the impact cutting structure, water eyes or nozzles 61 are arranged in the flow channel between the blades, and at least one body contour line 32 of the blade 3 (may include the body contour of the front blade) line and the rear blade body contour line) and the body contour line 32 of at least one other blade 3 have at least one non-overlapping area, and at least one overlapping point or overlapping...

Embodiment 2

[0107] like Figure 15-18 As shown, this embodiment is basically the same as Embodiment 1, the difference is that a second set of cutting teeth is arranged on the blade 3 . In the present invention, the first group of cutting teeth 41 arranged on the raised portion 321 are the cutting teeth that are first in contact with the formation and are also the first to be worn out. Arranging the inner insert 42a on the raised portion 321 can further increase the wearable volume of the cutting teeth, thereby prolonging the life of the drill bit, as Figure 17 as shown in b. In addition, another form of second group of cutting teeth (built-in table insert 42b) can also be arranged on the blade, and the built-in table insert 42b is arranged in the hollow groove 5, such as Figure 17 as shown in a. Wherein, empty groove 5 can be such as Figure 18 (a) through the through grooves on the front and rear sides of the blade, also can be as follows Figure 18 (b) The groove recessed into th...

Embodiment 3

[0109] like Figure 19 As shown, this embodiment is basically the same as Embodiments 1 and 2, the difference is that the body contour lines 32 of at least two blades are curves with local protrusions 321, and the non-overlapping areas of the curves are distributed on the drill bit. The inner radial two-thirds of the area. The curve is a multi-peak curve with a plurality of convex parts 321, and the teeth are arranged along the outline 32 of the blade body to form a multi-stage cutting structure in the core area. For composite drill bits, under complex drilling conditions, the core area is relatively weak, which is likely to cause early failure of the cutting teeth, and then cause the failure of the drill bit. The invention can well enhance the cutting ability and service life of the core area, effectively avoid the phenomenon of core circumcision or core out failure, and prolong the service life of the drill bit.

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Abstract

The invention discloses a punching composite drill bit suitable for difficult-to-drill stratums. The drill bit comprises a drill bit body, blades and water holes or nozzles arranged in the drill bit body, wherein each blade is provided with a plurality of first cutting teeth, the tooth arranging face of each blade is provided with sockets for fixing the first cutting teeth, the drill bit body is further provided with punching structures and an impact force transmission mechanism, the punching structures are provided with punching teeth, and the body contour line of at least one blade and the body contour line of at least another blade are provided with at least one non-overlap area and at least one overlap point or area in a joint covering area. By the structure, the drill bit can work in an asynchronous cutting manner, the longitudinal abrasion length of the drill bit can be increased, the service life of the drill bit can be prolonged, the drill bit can be allowed to be in a high-specific-pressure drilling state during the whole drilling process, the rock drilling ability of the drill bit is enhanced, the drilling speed of the drill bit in the difficult-to-drill stratums is increased, and the service life of the drill bit in the difficult-to-drill stratums is prolonged.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical equipment fields of petroleum and natural gas drilling engineering, mining engineering, building foundation engineering construction, geological drilling, tunnel engineering, hydrology, shield tunneling and non-excavation, and in particular relates to a drilling bit. Background technique [0002] Drill bits are rock-breaking tools used to break rocks and form wellbores in drilling engineering. Commonly used are PDC drill bits, roller cone bits and percussion drill bits. PDC bits rely on high hardness, wear-resistant, self-sharpening polycrystalline diamond composite sheets to shear and break rocks. PDC bits have high mechanical penetration rate, long life and low drilling cost in soft to medium hard formations. are widely used in. Existing fixed cutter bits represented by PDC bits usually have several blades, and multiple cutting elements are arranged on the blades along the radial direction of the bit (for PDC b...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): E21B10/36E21B10/46E21B10/43
CPCE21B10/36E21B10/43E21B10/46
Inventor 杨迎新张春亮林敏黄奎林戚清亮王吉
Owner SOUTHWEST PETROLEUM UNIV
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