Vertical type tubular reactor for deenergization and alkali hydrolysis of TNT (Trinitrotoluene)

Abstract

The invention provides a vertical type tubular reactor for deenergization and alkali hydrolysis of TNT (Trinitrotoluene). The vertical type tubular reactor comprises a heat insulation tube, wherein the heat insulation tube is internally connected with a disc-shaped alkali hydrolysis reaction tube through a fixed bracket; the disc-shaped alkali hydrolysis reaction tube is spirally arranged in the heat insulation tube; a spiral shaft and the heat insulation tube are coaxially arranged; an alkali liquid spraying pipe is embedded into the disc-shaped alkali hydrolysis reaction tube; the alkali liquid spraying pipe and the disc-shaped alkali hydrolysis reaction tube are coaxially arranged; a plurality of micro-pores are formed in the alkali liquid spraying pipe; the heat insulation tube is vertically arranged; a heat insulation medium adopts heat insulation water; the heat insulation water enters from a bottom water inlet of the heat insulation tube and then is discharged from a top water outlet; the disc-shaped alkali hydrolysis reaction tube is a TNT alkali hydrolysis reaction region; the TNT enters from a top feeding opening of the disc-shaped alkali hydrolysis reaction tube and alkali liquid is sprayed out from the alkali liquid spraying pipe; after reaction, the TNT is discharged from a discharging opening formed in the bottom of the disc-shaped alkali hydrolysis reaction tube;a flowing direction of heat insulation water is opposite to the flowing direction of a reaction solution in the disc-shaped alkali hydrolysis reaction tube. By adopting the vertical type tubular reactor, the treatment efficiency of abandoned propellant and explosive is improved; meanwhile, the safety is improved.

Description

Technical field [0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of explosive TNT, in particular to a vertical tubular reactor used for the hydrolysis of TNT deenergizing alkali. Background technique [0002] At present, the main high-energy explosives used in the military are TNT, DNT (Dinitrotoluene), RDX (RDX), Octogen (HMX) and Nitrocellulose (NC), among which TNT is the most used. For the disposal of large quantities of scrapped explosives for military use, open burning methods, physical methods, chemical methods and biodegradation methods are mainly used at home and abroad. Although the open incineration method is simple to operate and has low treatment costs, the large amount of highly concentrated polluting waste gas and solid combustion residues produced during incineration will harm humans and the ecological environment along with air flow, rain or soil erosion. Therefore, the United States began to gradually abolish the open burning method in the mid-1970s....

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Since TNT is a high-energy compound, a large amount of heat will be released during the alkali hydrolysis process, so the temperature will suddenly rise rapidly during the alkali hydrolysis process, which seriously threatens the safety of operators.

And the reactor is a sequencing batch reactor, the processing efficiency is relatively low

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