Low-carbon olefin cracking equipment and cracking method

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of petroleum cracking, and discloses low-carbon olefin cracking equipment and a cracking method. The low-carbon olefin cracking equipment comprises a convection section (2), a radiation section (5), a quenching boiler (6), a separation tower (8) and a pressure reduction device (10), wherein the convection section (2), the radiation section (5), the quenching boiler (6), the separation tower (8) and the pressure reduction device (10) are sequentially communicated, and the pressure reduction device is used for enabling the pipelines, for material flowing, of the convection section (2), the radiation section (5), the quenching boiler (6) and the separation tower (8) to be in a negative pressure state. According to the invention, through the pressure reduction device, the pipelines, for material flowing, of the convection section, the radiation section and the quenching boiler are all in a negative pressure state, so that when heavy cracking raw materials(such as crude oil) enter the convection section, the gasification temperature is reduced under a negative pressure condition so as to be quickly and fully gasified, the process cost can be saved dueto the complete gasifying of the heavy cracking raw materials in the convection section, and the coking temperature cannot be reached due to the gasification at a temperature lower than normal pressure so as to effectively reduce the coking of the cracking furnace.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of petroleum cracking, in particular to low-carbon olefin cracking equipment for cracking crude oil in a reduced-pressure environment and a cracking method for preparing low-carbon olefins by using the low-carbon olefin cracking equipment. Background technique [0002] Low-carbon olefins usually refer to the general term of unsaturated hydrocarbons with carbon four or less, mainly including ethylene, propylene, isobutylene, butadiene and other organic chemical raw materials with high economic value. With the development of my country's economy, the demand for these organic chemical raw materials is increasing year by year. Although the production scale of low-carbon olefins is also increasing year by year, it cannot meet the growing demand. The technology to effectively increase the yield of low-carbon olefins has broad application prospects. [0003] For a long time, petroleum hydrocarbon cracking was mainly used to...

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