The present disclosure relates to a method for preparing a
cancer-specific
T cell based on
peripheral blood or a
peripheral immune organ for preventing or treating
cancer, specifically including steps of: first, isolating an immune
cell from
peripheral blood or the peripheral immune organ; then, co-incubating with a
nanoparticle and / or a
microparticle loaded with a tumor whole-
cell antigen for a period of time to activate the
cancer-specific
T cell; then, isolating a cancer-specific
T cell activated by the
tumor antigen; and, reinfusing the cancer-specific T
cell into the body to exert an anti-cancer effect after
in vitro expansion. According to the
nanoparticle or
microparticle prepared by the present disclosure, a
tumor antigen component is loaded onto the
microparticle and / or the
nanoparticle to activate the cancer-specific T cell, and then the cancer-specific T cell is expanded and reinfused into a patient for treating cancer or preventing recurrence or
metastasis. The cancer-specific T cell isolated by a sorting method has high specificity, and may prevent or treat cancer by killing cancer cells after expansion.