The invention discloses a novel traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating toothache and a preparation method thereof. The traditional Chinese medicine composition mainly comprises the following raw medicines: pricklyash peel, clove, storax, venenum bufonis, borneol, camphor, grassleaf sweetflag rhizome, cornu saigae tatariace powder, tall gastrodia tuber, the larva of silkworm with botrytis, nidus vespae, catechu, dragon blood, unbracteolated spurge root, Chinese eaglewood wood, rosewood, rhubarb, officinal magnolia bark, villous amomum fruit, atractylodes rhizome, fineleaf schizonepeta herb, divaricate saposhnikovia root, frankincense and myrrh. The traditional Chinese medicine composition can be prepared into any one commonly used oral preparation according to the conventional method of traditional Chinese medicine preparations. The invention can obviously improve the symptoms of toothache, gingival swelling, pain in case of hot and cold stimulation, cheek swelling and the like, and has obvious clinical curative effect, significant curative effect and rapid effect. Since the traditional Chinese medicine composition adopts medicinal and edible medicines stipulated in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia to compound, the composition has the advantages of low cost, basically non-toxic side effects and the like.