The invention relates to a control method based on a self-adaptive storage backboard, the self-adaptive storage backboard and a device, and the method comprises the steps: collecting a side-band
signal, an out-of-band
signal and the state of a PCIe link training and state
machine when a slot
insertion or topology change event is detected, and carrying out the analysis and
processing of the signals, and obtaining a recognition result of a slot; configuring a high-speed differential cross matrix of the storage backboard based on a slot identification result so as to switch slot attribution among a plurality of main control domains of a channel, splicing and binding or splitting the
channel width as required, and performing sequence adjustment and polarity remapping on the channel; a reference
clock source of the slot is switched to a matching mode in a burr-free mode through a
phase alignment and gating technology; obtaining a
link margin of the PCIe link and an
equalizer parameter, and writing the
link margin and the
equalizer parameter into a nonvolatile memory to form a slot portrait; and completing the power supply and power-on of the slot under the control of the pre-charging and eFuse device. According to the invention, on the premise of supporting multi-protocol mixed
insertion, the
signal quality and reliability are ensured at the same time.