Method for producing chloroethylene by homogeneous mercury-free catalysis

Abstract

The invention provides a method for producing chloroethylene by homogeneous mercury-free catalysis. According to the method, acetylene and hydrogen chloride are taken as raw materials and chloroethylene is generated under the effect of a homogeneous catalyst. One or more of PdCl2, AuCl3, FeCl3, ZnCl2 and CuCl2 are taken as catalysts, one or more of NH4Cl, NaCl, KCl, BaCl2, MgCl2 and CaCl2 are taken as cocatalysts, o-nitrochlorobenzene, o-chlorotoluene or o-dichlorobenzene is taken as a solvent, and a homogeneous catalysis system is formed. Under the reaction conditions of normal pressure and temperature of 130 DEG C, the acetylene conversion rate and the chloroethylene selectivity can reach about 95% and more than 95%, and the catalyst life is more than 3,000 hours. The method adopts the nontoxic and mercury-free homogeneous catalyst for producing the chloroethylene, so that a supported catalyst for producing chloroethylene by hydrochlorination of acetylene in existing production is avoided, the problems of easiness for generating carbon deposit sintering and the like in a conventional process carrier are avoided, and homogeneous production of the chloroethylene is realized.

Description

technical field

[0001] The invention relates to a method for homogeneously mercury-free catalytically producing vinyl chloride by using acetylene as a carbon source and hydrogen chloride as a chlorine source, belonging to the field of chemical industry. technical background

[0002] Vinyl chloride is a basic chemical raw material, and its polymer (PVC) is one of the five general-purpose plastics and has a wide range of applications in many fields. With the increasing demand for vinyl chloride, it is of great significance to develop the process technology for vinyl chloride production.

[0003] At present, the global PVC output has exceeded 50 million t / a, and the production capacity of PVC in China alone has exceeded 20 million t / a. Due to resource reasons, the operating rate of the ethylene process in my country is obviously insufficient, and its production capacity is only about 25% of the total production capacity, and nearly 75% of the production capacity comes from the...

Examples

Embodiment 1

[0018] 2gCuCl 2 Add 198g of o-chlorotoluene and stir evenly at 40°C to obtain a homogeneous catalyst. Mix acetylene and hydrogen chloride gas at a molar ratio of 1:1.2, and pass them into a reactor equipped with a liquid-phase catalyst at 110°C under normal pressure, and the reaction volume space velocity is 200h -1 , the conversion rate of acetylene is 2.0%, the selectivity of vinyl chloride is 79.4%, and the catalyst life is 200h.

Embodiment 2

[0020] 1gFeCl 3 and 1gBaCl 2 Add 198g of o-chlorotoluene and stir evenly at 40°C to obtain a liquid-phase catalyst. Mix acetylene and hydrogen chloride gas at a molar ratio of 1:1, and pass them into a reactor equipped with a liquid-phase catalyst at 110°C and normal pressure, and the reaction volume space velocity is 200h -1 , the conversion rate of acetylene is 4.4%, the selectivity of vinyl chloride is 65.7%, and the catalyst life is 500h.

Embodiment 3

[0022] 0.4gPdCl 2Add 199.6 g of o-dichlorobenzene and stir evenly at 40° C. to obtain a liquid-phase catalyst. Mix acetylene and hydrogen chloride gas at a molar ratio of 1:1.2, and pass them into a reactor equipped with a liquid-phase catalyst at 130°C under normal pressure, and the reaction volume space velocity is 100h -1 , the conversion rate of acetylene is 96.9%, the selectivity of vinyl chloride is 88.6%, and the catalyst life is 3500h.

technical field

[0001] The invention relates to a method for homogeneously mercury-free catalytically producing vinyl chloride by using acetylene as a carbon source and hydrogen chloride as a chlorine source, belonging to the field of chemical industry. technical background

[0002] Vinyl chloride is a basic chemical raw material, and its polymer (PVC) is one of the five general-purpose plastics and has a wide range of applications in many fields. With the increasing demand for vinyl chloride, it is of great significance to develop the process technology for vinyl chloride production.

[0003] At present, the global PVC output has exceeded 50 million t / a, and the production capacity of PVC in China alone has exceeded 20 million t / a. Due to resource reasons, the operating rate of the ethylene process in my country is obviously insufficient, and its production capacity is only about 25% of the total production capacity, and nearly 75% of the production capacity comes from the...

Examples

Embodiment 1

[0018] 2gCuCl 2 Add 198g of o-chlorotoluene and stir evenly at 40°C to obtain a homogeneous catalyst. Mix acetylene and hydrogen chloride gas at a molar ratio of 1:1.2, and pass them into a reactor equipped with a liquid-phase catalyst at 110°C under normal pressure, and the reaction volume space velocity is 200h -1 , the conversion rate of acetylene is 2.0%, the selectivity of vinyl chloride is 79.4%, and the catalyst life is 200h.

Embodiment 2

[0020] 1gFeCl 3 and 1gBaCl 2 Add 198g of o-chlorotoluene and stir evenly at 40°C to obtain a liquid-phase catalyst. Mix acetylene and hydrogen chloride gas at a molar ratio of 1:1, and pass them into a reactor equipped with a liquid-phase catalyst at 110°C and normal pressure, and the reaction volume space velocity is 200h -1 , the conversion rate of acetylene is 4.4%, the selectivity of vinyl chloride is 65.7%, and the catalyst life is 500h.

Embodiment 3

[0022] 0.4gPdCl 2Add 199.6 g of o-dichlorobenzene and stir evenly at 40° C. to obtain a liquid-phase catalyst. Mix acetylene and hydrogen chloride gas at a molar ratio of 1:1.2, and pass them into a reactor equipped with a liquid-phase catalyst at 130°C under normal pressure, and the reaction volume space velocity is 100h -1 , the conversion rate of acetylene is 96.9%, the selectivity of vinyl chloride is 88.6%, and the catalyst life is 3500h.