Method for producing chloroethylene by homogeneous mercury-free catalysis

Abstract

The invention provides a method for producing chloroethylene by homogeneous mercury-free catalysis. According to the method, acetylene and hydrogen chloride are taken as raw materials and chloroethylene is generated under the effect of a homogeneous catalyst. One or more of PdCl2, AuCl3, FeCl3, ZnCl2 and CuCl2 are taken as catalysts, one or more of NH4Cl, NaCl, KCl, BaCl2, MgCl2 and CaCl2 are taken as cocatalysts, o-nitrochlorobenzene, o-chlorotoluene or o-dichlorobenzene is taken as a solvent, and a homogeneous catalysis system is formed. Under the reaction conditions of normal pressure and temperature of 130 DEG C, the acetylene conversion rate and the chloroethylene selectivity can reach about 95% and more than 95%, and the catalyst life is more than 3,000 hours. The method adopts the nontoxic and mercury-free homogeneous catalyst for producing the chloroethylene, so that a supported catalyst for producing chloroethylene by hydrochlorination of acetylene in existing production is avoided, the problems of easiness for generating carbon deposit sintering and the like in a conventional process carrier are avoided, and homogeneous production of the chloroethylene is realized.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for homogeneously mercury-free catalytically producing vinyl chloride by using acetylene as a carbon source and hydrogen chloride as a chlorine source, belonging to the field of chemical industry. technical background [0002] Vinyl chloride is a basic chemical raw material, and its polymer (PVC) is one of the five general-purpose plastics and has a wide range of applications in many fields. With the increasing demand for vinyl chloride, it is of great significance to develop the process technology for vinyl chloride production. [0003] At present, the global PVC output has exceeded 50 million t / a, and the production capacity of PVC in China alone has exceeded 20 million t / a. Due to resource reasons, the operating rate of the ethylene process in my country is obviously insufficient, and its production capacity is only about 25% of the total production capacity, and nearly 75% of the production capacity comes from the...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The catalytic system does not generate solid polymers, but acetylene will decompose to form black carbides, resulting in waste of raw materials, increasing production costs, and the catalyst is expensive, and the generated black carbides will affect the life of the catalyst