Plasticizer compositions and methods for making plasticizer compositions
Plasticizers with low color and high epoxide content are prepared by epoxidizing fatty acid alkyl esters, which solves the environmental and health risk problems of traditional plasticizers and improves the flexibility and processing performance of polymer resins.
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[0118] Sample Preparation
[0119] sample 1
[0120] Epoxidized SOYCLEAR TM 1500 (a distilled FAME) to prepare Sample 1 ("S1"). Epoxidation of distilled FAME was accomplished by the following procedure. Equipped with mechanical stirrer, condenser and for controlled addition of H 2 o 2 Weigh the fatty acid methyl ester of 50g and the formic acid of corresponding amount (25g) in the three-necked round-bottomed flask of dropper. The mixture of FAME and formic acid was stirred at 400 rpm at 30 °C. 100 g of hydrogen peroxide (30 to 50 wt%, depending on the desired reaction rate) was added at a rate of 10 mL / hr, and then slowly increased to the desired flow rate depending on the exotherm of the reaction. Addition is usually done within an hour. The reaction temperature was then raised to 40-50°C, and the reaction was continued until the oxirane oxygen number did not increase further. Stirring was stopped and the layers were separated. The oil layer was washed first with ...
example 1
[0146] Example 1 - Properties of S1-S3 and CS1
[0147] Using the test method described above, the ethylene oxide content, iodine value, and APHA color of samples S1-S3 and CS1 were measured. The results are provided in Table 5 below.
[0148] Table 5 - Properties of S1-S3 and CS1
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[0150] The results presented in Table 5 show that all samples S1-S3 can be well used as plasticizers for PVC due to their relatively high ethylene oxide value and relatively low iodine value. Surprisingly, distillation prior to epoxidation resulted in very low color eFAMEs, similar to the results obtained with distillation after epoxidation as shown below for CS2 and CS3. This is surprising since one skilled in the art would expect the epoxidation process to produce many chromophores in the resulting eFAME.
example 2
[0151] Example 2 - APHA Chromaticity of CS2 and CS3
[0152] Comparative samples CS2 and CS3 were analyzed for APHA color according to the test method provided above. The results are provided in Table 6 below.
[0153] Table 6 - APHA Chromaticity of CS2 and CS3
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[0156] *before distillation
[0157] Comparing the results presented in Table 6 with those from Table 5 above, it can surprisingly be found that using distillation (S1-S3) before epoxidation (S1-S3) compared to distillation after epoxidation (CS2 and CS3) Similar shades can be obtained.
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