Core-shell-structured catalyst for fuel cell and preparation and application of catalyst

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a core-shell-structured catalyst for a fuel cell, and the catalyst takes copper-modified platinum, palladium and the like as a shell and takes noble metals such as palladium and gold as a core. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: by taking noble metals such as palladium and gold as a substrate, performing reaction in a mixed electrolyte prepared from a precursor containing platinum and copper or a precursor solution of palladium and copper and citric acid; and by utilizing the properties that copper realizes selective preferential deposition on the surfaces of the noble metals in an underpotential deposition range and replacement reaction between copper and platinum or between copper and palladium can be realized, preparing a copper-modified platinum shell or palladium shell, thereby obtaining the core-shell-structured catalyst taking palladium or gold as the core. The method disclosed by the invention is friendly to the environment and controllable in load; the activity and stability of the catalyst to oxygen reduction reaction are superior to those of a commercialized platinum-carbon catalyst; and when the electrode constructed based on the catalyst is used for the fuel cell, the properties of the fuel cell and the utilization ratio of Pt can be enhanced, and the cost of the fuel cell can be lowered.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for preparing a core-shell catalyst for catalyzing fuel cell electrode reactions, which uses noble metals such as palladium and gold as cores and copper-modified platinum and palladium as shells, and belongs to the field of electrochemistry. Background technique [0002] With the increasingly severe energy crisis and environmental pollution, the demand for new energy materials and new energy technologies in human production and life is becoming more and more urgent. As a power generation device that directly converts chemical energy into electrical energy, fuel cells have been used in electric vehicles, distributed power stations, aerospace, and underwater vehicles because of their high energy conversion rate, high energy density, and environmental protection. Initial applications have been achieved in many fields. The catalysts used on fuel cell electrodes are still dominated by platinum or platinum alloy catalysts w...

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Problems solved by technology

The catalysts used on fuel cell electrodes are still dominated by platinum or platinum alloy catalysts with excellent ...

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