System, method and biomarkers for airway obstruction

An obstructive, obstructive technology, applied in applications, diagnostic recording/measurement, medical science, etc., can solve problems such as physiological mechanisms that have not been fully resolved

Active Publication Date: 2019-10-11
THE RES FOUND OF STATE UNIV OF NEW YORK
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, the physiological mechanisms linking seizures to respiratory dysfunction have not been fully resolved

Method used

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  • System, method and biomarkers for airway obstruction
  • System, method and biomarkers for airway obstruction
  • System, method and biomarkers for airway obstruction

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

example 1

[0110] Parenteral kainic acid was used to induce recurrent seizures in carbamate-anesthetized Sprague Dawley rats. A combination of EEG recordings and cardiorespiratory monitoring (including video laryngoscopy). Controlled occlusion of the endotracheal tube is used to study the dynamics of cardiac and respiratory changes following sudden occlusion. Seizure activity resulted in a marked increase in RLN episodes, which was associated with abnormal high-frequency movements of the vocal cords. Partial airway obstruction due to laryngospasm was evident on plethysmography and was prevented by intubation. Complete glottic closure (confirmed by laryngoscopy) occurs in a subset of non-intubated animals, which is accompanied by a maximal increase in RLN activity and is followed within tens of seconds by ST-segment elevation, bradycardia, and death in all occlusions Stop airflow in the animal.

[0111] Central apnea of ​​up to 33 s occurred in both intubated and non-intubated rats du...

example 2

[0123] The spread of seizure activity over the main motor nerve RLN of the larynx was studied in a set of experiments aimed at characterizing RLN activity during normal quiet breathing (baseline) and during seizures induced by kainic acid. Protect the animal from laryngospasm using a tracheal opening or a T-shaped endotracheal tube that preserves the RLN bilaterally. In animals with endotracheal tubes, periods of complete glottic closure can be studied with laryngoscopy without concern for oxygen desaturation. RLN recordings were also performed during other experiments with the aim of capturing RLN activity during specific events such as central and obstructive apneas. EEG, multi-unit RLN activity and ECG were recorded in all animals. Laryngoscopy was performed at intervals during the experiment.

[0124] In the second set of experiments, the effect of laryngospasm and seizure activity on ventilation was assessed by body plethysmography. A group of animals was intubated wit...

example 3

[0151] Figure 10 Shown are the results of a pilot human trial showing the use of Biomarker 1 (increased peak-to-peak amplitude of ECG-recorded background activity due to increased pectoral muscle EMG contained in the ECG signal) to detect obstructive respiration pause. Preliminary human subject data show that Biomarker 1 occurs in a simple setting where a patient attempts to inhale by drawing air from a closed 500ml container. During inspiratory effort, there was a significant increase in ECG background amplitude relative to QRS amplitude (simple ratio of the peak-to-peak amplitude of the peak-to-peak ECG signal to the QRS complex).

[0152] This suggests that Biomarker 1 has utility in any condition that can increase EMG associated with inspiratory effort.

[0153] exist Figure 10 , a statistical analysis of the results is shown:

[0154] ANOVA: F(1.487,43.13)=22.42P<0.0001

[0155] Multiple comparisons:

[0156] Before and during, p=0.0001

[0157] Before vs After, ...

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Abstract

Two biomarkers are provided for obstructive apnea. A first biomarker determines amplitude and timing of inspiratory efforts from a bioelectric signal. The respiratory rate is compared with a normal pre-detection rate, and the amplitude of the effort is compared with a normal amplitude. The obstructive apnea is likely present if a series of inspiratory efforts are above a normal amplitude and withincreasing amplitude, but at a normal rate. A second biomarker determines heart rate and respiratory rate. A normal lower threshold for heartbeat interval is established, and if subthreshold events occur (short RR intervals), a commencement time for each sequence of subthreshold events is compared for a respiratory rate-normalized window. If the number of subthreshold events exceeds a minimum forthe window, obstructive apnea is likely present.

Description

technical field [0001] The present invention relates to the field of systems and methods for detecting obstructive apnea or dyspnea and biomarkers for obstructive apnea or dyspnea. Background technique [0002] Airway obstruction can be a serious health emergency that can lead to death within minutes. The same is possible with partial blockages. [0003] Apnea refers to a pause in breathing. During apnea, the volume of the lungs initially remains constant. Depending on how the airways are obstructed (patency), there may or may not be airflow between the lungs and the environment; gas exchange within the lungs and cellular respiration are not severely affected. [0004] In obstructive apnea, there is an attempt to breathe, which leads to increased activation of the diaphragm and other breathing muscles, including the intercostal muscles. After a prolonged apnea of ​​several minutes, blood oxygenation drops and various secondary reactions occur. [0005] Seizures are asso...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): A61B5/024A61B5/0456A61B5/0488A61B5/08A61B5/00A61B5/352
CPCA61B5/746A61B5/024A61B5/0826A61B5/4818A61B5/352A61B5/389A61B5/369A61B5/316A61B5/0004A61B5/0205A61B5/7225A61B5/7246A61B5/7405
Inventor M·斯图尔特R·科尔马J·拉扎尔
Owner THE RES FOUND OF STATE UNIV OF NEW YORK
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