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A kind of electrolytic solution and electrolysis method for electrolytic refining coarse bismuth

A technology of electrolytic refining and electrolytic method, which is applied in the direction of electrolytic components, electrolytic process, electrodes, etc., can solve problems such as irregular dissolution of anode surface, harm to human body and environment, volatile silicofluoric acid, etc. High, high current efficiency effect

Active Publication Date: 2021-02-02
CINF ENG CO LTD +1
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, the electrolytic refining of crude bismuth uses a solution system composed of fluorosilicic acid and bismuth fluorosilicic acid as the electrolyte for electrolysis. The main disadvantages of electrolysis in this system are: (1) fluorosilicic acid is volatile and decomposes into toxic HF and SiF 4 Gas, a large amount of acid mist is formed at the work site, which has an unpleasant smell and is very harmful to the human body and the environment; (2) The current density is low, generally lower than 70A / m 2 , the current efficiency is low, generally lower than 95%; (3) During the electrolysis process, the solubility of bismuth on the anode of the fluorosilicate system is slightly worse than that of the chloride system, and the dissolution of the anode surface is irregular after long-term electrolysis And there are signs of passivation, the surface of the anode needs to be cleaned regularly

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0028] In the present embodiment, the electrolyte solution of the methanesulfonic acid solution system for electrolytically refining thick bismuth is composed of water, bismuth methanesulfonate and free methanesulfonic acid, wherein Bi 3+ The concentration is 50g / L, and the concentration of free methanesulfonic acid is 100g / L.

[0029] The electrolytic method for electrolytically refining thick bismuth using the electrolyte, the specific steps include the following steps: 3+ The electrolyte with a concentration of 50g / L and a concentration of free methanesulfonic acid of 100g / L, the rough bismuth anode plate to be refined, and the cathode plate are placed in the electrolytic cell, and then direct current is applied, and the cathode current density is controlled to 200A / m 2 1. The distance between the rough bismuth anode plate and the cathode plate is 100mm, the temperature of the electrolyte is 20°C, and the mixture of animal glue and lignosulfonate with a mass ratio of 1:1 is...

Embodiment 2

[0036] In the present embodiment, the electrolyte solution of the methanesulfonic acid solution system for electrolytically refining thick bismuth is composed of water, bismuth methanesulfonate and free methanesulfonic acid, wherein Bi 3+ The concentration is 120g / L, and the concentration of free methanesulfonic acid is 50g / L.

[0037] The electrolytic method for electrolytically refining thick bismuth using the electrolyte, the specific steps include the following steps: 3+ The electrolyte with a concentration of 120g / L and a concentration of free methanesulfonic acid of 50g / L, the rough bismuth anode plate to be refined, and the cathode plate are placed in the electrolytic cell, and then direct current is applied, and the cathode current density is controlled to 300A / m 2, the distance between the rough bismuth anode plate and the cathode plate is 80mm, the temperature of the electrolyte is 50°C, and the mass ratio of animal glue, lignin sulfonate and polyethylene glycol is a...

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Abstract

The invention relates to an electrolytic solution for electrolytic refining of crude bismuth and an electrolysis method. The electrolytic solution contains water, bismuth methanesulfonate and free methanesulfonic acid. The electrolyte solution and the electrolysis method of the present invention are clean and energy-saving. The present invention uses a brand-new methanesulfonic acid solution system as the electrolyte for electrolysis. The methanesulfonic acid solution system has the characteristics of significant environmental protection advantages, high electrical conductivity, high bismuth solubility, no oxidation, high stability and no volatile gas. At the same time, the current efficiency is high and the energy consumption is low. In the traditional electrolytic refining process of coarse bismuth in the system of fluosilicic acid and chloride salt, the requirements for Sb impurities in the anode plate are relatively high, but in the present invention, the requirements for the anode plate are lower, and the allowable range of Sb impurities is larger, especially suitable for high Electrolytic refining of antimony crude bismuth.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to an electrolytic solution for electrolytic refining of crude bismuth and an electrolytic method, belonging to the technical field of hydrometallurgy. Background technique [0002] There are two methods of bismuth electrolytic refining: chloride electrolysis and fluorosilicate electrolysis. Chloride salt electrolysis uses bismuth trichloride and hydrochloric acid aqueous solution as electrolyte. The fluorosilicate uses bismuth fluorosilicate and free fluorosilicate aqueous solution as electrolyte. Coarse bismuth is initially refined by fire method and cast into anode, and the cathode is cast from precipitated bismuth. During electrolysis, bismuth dissolves from the anode into the electrolyte and precipitates at the cathode; more electronegative elements than bismuth such as lead, tin, antimony and bismuth dissolve into the electrolyte together, but because they are difficult to reduce, they generally do not precipitate at the c...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): C25C1/22C25C7/02
CPCC25C1/22C25C7/02
Inventor 王恒辉陈永明周晓源邓鑫杰何醒民杨声海何静
Owner CINF ENG CO LTD