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Method for improving water and fertilizer utilization efficiency of sunflower in severe saline-alkali soil by utilizing ceramsite

A technology of severe saline-alkali land and ceramsite, which is applied in the direction of soil preparation, fertilization, application, etc., can solve the problems of accelerated soil salt infiltration and leaching, strong secondary salt return, and low salt washing efficiency, so as to improve the physical properties of soil , Strong water and fertilizer storage capacity, high specific surface area

Active Publication Date: 2020-07-10
范峪铭
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0012] Technical problem to be solved: the present invention aims at practical problems such as low efficiency of salt washing in severe saline-alkali land, strong secondary salt return, and serious ecological degradation, and combines clay particles with water and fertilizer management to improve soil permeability through the loose porous structure of ceramsite. Accelerate the infiltration and leaching of soil salt to save water resources; use the adsorption performance of ceramsite to reduce the loss of nutrient leaching, and according to the optimization of fertilizer types, dosage and application methods, a method of using ceramsite to improve the quality of sunflower in severe saline-alkaline land is proposed. Water and Fertilizer Use Efficiency Methods

Method used

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  • Method for improving water and fertilizer utilization efficiency of sunflower in severe saline-alkali soil by utilizing ceramsite
  • Method for improving water and fertilizer utilization efficiency of sunflower in severe saline-alkali soil by utilizing ceramsite
  • Method for improving water and fertilizer utilization efficiency of sunflower in severe saline-alkali soil by utilizing ceramsite

Examples

Experimental program
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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0036] Severely salinized cultivated land in Hetao Irrigation District of Inner Mongolia. Collect 0-20cm soil samples of the cultivated layer of the test plot, air-dry, grind, sieving (2mm), and evenly mix them to prepare leaching test soil samples. The soil texture is loamy (2~0.02mm sand content 48.1%, 3 The soil sample has a salt content of 10.83g / kg, a pH of 8.37, an average organic matter content of 15.3g / kg, total nitrogen of 0.75g / kg, and available phosphorus of 28.24mg / kg. Location: Daoqiao Town, Hangjinhou Banner, Bayannaoer, Inner Mongolia. The test time is from April 2018 to May 2018.

[0037] The main implementation links are as follows:

[0038] (1) Preparation of the leaching soil column: the inner diameter of the soil column is 12cm, the height is 50cm, the material is plexiglass, and the column wall is scaled to the millimeter.

[0039] (2) Experimental design of soil column: Fill the bottom of the soil column with a sand-gravel filter layer of 5cm, and then fill wit...

Embodiment 2

[0053] Severely salinized cultivated land in Hetao Irrigation District of Inner Mongolia. Collect 0-20cm soil samples of the cultivated layer of the test plot, air-dry, grind, sieving (2mm), and evenly mix them to prepare leaching test soil samples. The soil texture is loamy clay (2~0.02mm sand content 33.7 %, 3 The salt content of the soil sample is 8.71g / kg, the pH is 8.54, the average organic matter content is 17.1g / kg, the total nitrogen is 0.84g / kg, and the available phosphorus is 33.17mg / kg. Location: Sandaoqiao Town, Hangjinhou Banner, Bayannaoer, Inner Mongolia, and the test time is from June 2018 to August 2018.

[0054] The main implementation links are as follows:

[0055] (1) Preparation of leaching soil column: the inner diameter of the soil column is 12cm, the height is 50cm, the material is plexiglass, and the column wall is scaled to the millimeter.

[0056] (2) Experimental design of soil column: Fill the bottom of the soil column with a sand-gravel filter layer of...

Embodiment 3

[0069] Severely saline-alkali farmland in the Hetao Plain of Inner Mongolia. The surface soil texture is silty loam with a bulk density of 1.41g / cm 3 The average soil salt content is 5.69g / kg, pH is 8.42, average organic matter content is 15.3g / kg, total nitrogen is 0.69g / kg, and available phosphorus is 26.72mg / kg. The planting crop is sunflower (variety TP0409). Location: Chengni Village, Toudaoqiao Town, Toudaoqiao Town, Bayannaoer, Inner Mongolia, in a community trial mode, with a community area of ​​120m 2 , The test time is from May 2019 to October 2019.

[0070] The main implementation links are as follows:

[0071] (1) Ceramsite mixed weighing: the amount of ceramsite is 1500kg / mu,> 10mm, 5~10mm and The mass ratio of ceramsite with three particle sizes of <5mm is 25-50-25, and the amount of ceramsite with different particle sizes is converted according to the area of ​​the plot, weighed and mixed.

[0072] (2) Manual spreading: Spread the ceramsite evenly on the surface of th...

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Abstract

The invention provides a method for improving water and fertilizer utilization efficiency of sunflower in severe saline-alkali soil by utilizing ceramsite. The method comprises the following steps: mixing ceramsite with different particle sizes according to an optimized mass ratio according to the soil texture condition, applying the mixed ceramsite and a humic acid organic fertilizer to the severe saline-alkali soil, performing rotary tillage or powder ridging to uniformly mix the mixed ceramsite and a surface soil layer, performing base fertilizer strip application and film mulching, then performing irrigation and salt pressing, performing sowing at an appropriate time, and reducing nutrient leaching loss by optimizing and operating the type, the dosage and the application method of a nitrogen fertilizer in the growth period of the sunflower. According to the method, the optimized application of the ceramsite and the efficient operation and management of water and fertilizer are combined, so that the leaching efficiency of soil salt is improved, loss reduction and storage protection of nutrients and crop absorption are promoted, and resource utilization of waste in the severe saline-alkali soil and water and fertilizer synergism of the sunflower are realized.

Description

Technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of saline-alkali soil improvement technology and methods, and particularly relates to a heavy saline-alkali soil suitable for arid saline-alkali areas or secondary saline irrigation areas in my country, using ceramsite to accelerate soil salt leaching, promote crop growth, and improve water and fertilizer utilization efficiency. Methods of treatment and utilization of saline-alkali land. Background technique [0002] The total area of ​​saline-alkali land resources in my country is more than 500 million mu, accounting for nearly 5% of the available land area in the country. The Hetao Irrigation District of Inner Mongolia is located in the arid inland area of ​​northwest my country. It is one of the three super-large irrigation areas in my country and an important production base for commercial grains, oils and sugars in the country and autonomous regions. The annual evaporation is 11-18 times that of rainfall. Salinized cul...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): A01C21/00A01B79/00A01B79/02C04B33/132C04B33/135C04B38/00
CPCA01B79/00A01B79/02A01C21/00A01C21/005C04B33/132C04B33/1321C04B33/1352C04B38/009C04B38/0074C04B38/0067Y02P40/60Y02A40/10
Inventor 范峪铭刘伟李强
Owner 范峪铭
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