Breeding Methods of Maize Hybrids

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of corn hybridization and discloses a method for breeding corn hybrids. Its main technical features are as follows: Firstly, establish heterosis group and heterosis model, hybridize the public inbred line Q319 with the local germplasm 81162, adopt the pedigree method, select the optimal line for 6 generations of selfing, and cultivate the inbred line Heng H1027, which belongs to PB Group × Ruide group, divided into group A, the inbred line PH4CV mutant strain was backcrossed with PH4CV, and the inbred line Heng HC705 was bred after 5 generations of self-crossing, and the heterosis group pedigree was divided into Iodent group, belonging to the male parent Groups; newly introduced germplasm materials are tested and grouped first, then lines are selected, and then lines are selected circularly. The genetic characteristics of the F1 generation are stable, and the single plant is self-crossed or backcrossed with the improved line, and the traits of the F2 or BC1 generation are separated; the F3 generation is planted with ear rows , perform phenotypic selection on the separated ear rows and individuals, test and selection among groups, and finally obtain new hybrid varieties of maize. It has the advantages of early maturity, short stem, lodging resistance, and suitable for machine harvesting of seeds.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of corn breeding, in particular to a method for breeding corn hybrids. Background technique [0002] Maize is a cross-pollination crop. The combination of one type of maize inbred line with another type of inbred line often has good heterosis, while the heterosis among inbred lines within the group is weak. This type of inbred line The system is called a heterosis group, and two heterosis groups with heterosis are collectively called a heterosis pattern. The heterosis pattern is artificially formed by the breeders through circular improvement in order to make better use of germplasm and heterosis. [0003] Corn is the largest crop in my country, and ensuring food security is the country's largest strategic demand. Food security depends on the seed industry, and fine varieties are the basis for high yields of corn. The introduction and research of maize in my country is relatively late, the germplasm base ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0004] The Huang-Huai-Hai area adopts a wheat-corn planting pattern of two crops a year. The effective accumulated temperature of summer corn in the northern part of the Huang-Hui-Hai area is insufficient, the grain water content is high, and it has not reached physiological maturity; with the large-scale land management and the transfer of rural labor to cities, The development direction of the whole process of agricultural production mechanization, the existing varieties have the defects of late maturity, high stalk, not resistant to lodging, and not suitable for machine harvesting