Passive sample detection to initiate timing of an assay

Abstract

The present invention provides methods and systems for passively and automatically detecting the presence of a sample (the “sample detection phase”) upon application of the sample to a biosensor, identifying the sample detection time and then initiating the measurement of a targeted characteristic, e.g., the concentration of one or more analytes, of the sample (the “measurement phase”), immediately upon sample detection. The subject methods and systems do not employ or involve the application of an electrical signal from an external source to the electrochemical cell for purposes of performing the sample detection phase and are, thus, less complicated and involve fewer steps and components.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION [0001] The present invention relates to the field of electrochemical assays, particularly to the measurement of the concentration of analytes in biological fluid. More particularly, the present invention relates to a system and method for detecting the application of a sample of biological or control fluid to an electrochemical sensor and initiating the timing of the analyte measurement event. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0002] Analyte concentration determination in biological fluids, e.g., blood or blood-derived products such as plasma, is of ever increasing importance to today's society. Such assays find use in a variety of applications and settings, including clinical laboratory testing, home testing, etc., where the results of such testing play a prominent role in the diagnosis and management of a variety of disease conditions. Common analytes of interest include glucose for diabetes management, cholesterol for monitoring cardiovascular conditions, and the...

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

"The present invention provides methods and systems for detecting the presence of a sample on a biosensor and measuring the concentration of analytes in the sample without using an external electrical signal. This results in a more accurate measurement as there is no perturbation of the sample. The methods are simpler and require fewer steps than prior art methods, and they are less complicated because they do not require the application of an external voltage or current for sample detection. The invention is particularly useful for detecting samples of blood or blood fractions and measuring glucose concentration therein. The patent text also describes kits for practicing the methods."

Problems solved by technology

Perturbation is a particularly problematic with amperometric sample detection methodologies, known as “chronoamperometry,” which are employed in electrochemical analyte concentration determination methods, and most commonly employed in chronoamperometric assays of an analyte concentration.

Thus, the finally measured current is not an accurate representation of the analyte concentration of the sample.

The shorter the device response time and / or the higher the applied voltage prior to achieving the requisite current threshold value, the greater the perturbation of an electrochemical reaction and, thus, the less accurate the analyte concentration measurement is likely to be.

Another disadvantage of the chronoamperometric method is that it is more likely to produce an inaccurate measurement with samples containing low concentrations of the targeted analyte or high concentrations of red blood cells or both.

On the other hand, setting a lower current threshold level will likely make the system more sensitive and falsely trigger by noise.

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