Sacroiliac joint fusion alignment guide

Abstract

A device and method for defining a trajectory for instruments in a sacroiliac joint fusion procedure employs a handle and two movable guidance arms that are separated by an adjustable distance. The first guidance arm has a substantially straight pronged distal end terminating in a first prong, a second prong and a space between the first prong and second prong defining a first point in a straight trajectory for inserting screws into a sacroiliac joint. The guidance arm forms a receiving bore on a distal end thereof to define a second point in the trajectory. The pronged distal end is inserted through a posterior incision in the patient into a cored-out sacroiliac joint, with the second guidance arm outside the body, and the orientation of the alignment guide is adjusted by pivoting the alignment guide about the pronged distal end to determine a suitable trajectory. Instruments and implements are placed along the trajectory and guided by the alignment guide to drill screw holes and insert screws used in the sacroiliac joint fusion procedure into the screw holes.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION [0001] The present invention relates to a device and method for applying screws to fuse a sacroiliac joint in a patient. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0002] The sacroiliac (SI) joint 10 is located between the sacrum 11 and the hip bones 12, known as the ilium, in the human body, as shown in FIG. 1, and functions to transmit forces from the spine 14, including vertebrae 14a, intervertebral discs 14b and the coccyx 14c, to the lower extremities. The sacroiliac joint 10 is supported by ligaments and muscle. The sacroiliac joint 10 can degenerate over time, requiring a fusion procedure to stabilize the degenerated segment. For example, one condition, degenerative sacroiliitis, results in a narrow joint space with bone spur formation. Iatrogenic (i.e., induced by treatment) procedures, such as iliac bone graft damaging ligaments of the joint and / or previous fusions, can also cause degeneration, requiring sacroiliac joint fusion. Alternatively, infection, ligamentous...

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

"The present invention provides a sacroiliac joint fusion alignment guide that helps accurately place screws through the sacroiliac joint during a stabilization procedure. The guide is adjustable to fit different patient anatomies. The guide has two arms that form a straight trajectory for inserting screws into the joint. The guide is inserted through a posterior incision and the orientation is adjusted to determine the suitable trajectory for the screws. The guide helps guide screws and other instruments used in the procedure, making the procedure safer and more effective."

Problems solved by technology

Iatrogenic (i.e., induced by treatment) procedures, such as iliac bone graft damaging ligaments of the joint and / or previous fusions, can also cause degeneration, requiring sacroiliac joint fusion.

If a surgeon places screws on a path too anterior, the screws may penetrate the sacral wall and damage the vessels that lie just beyond.

If a surgeon places screws on a path too posterior, the screws may penetrate the sacral wall or sacral foramina and damage the nerves of the cauda aquina.

Achieving and maintaining a precise trajectory can be difficult in the limited operating space.

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