Reaction system for production of diesel fuel from vegetable and animals oils

Inactive Publication Date: 2008-03-20
BEN GURION UNIVERSITY OF THE NEGEV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, there are several limitations to using crude oil as a fuel source.
For example, crude oil is in limited supply, includes a high content of aromatics, and contains sulfur and nitrogen-containing compounds that can adversely affect the environment.
The use of vegetable oil in diesel engines requires significant engine modification, including changing of piping and injector construction materials, otherwise engine running times are decreased, maintenance costs are increased due to higher wear, and the danger of engine failure is increased.
This process is relatively complex, typical of the chemical industry rather than the petrochemical industry.
Furthermore, the composition of biodiesel, which is completely different from that of diesel produced from crude oil, may have adverse effects on engine performance.
Biodiesel exhibits poor low temperature performance characteristics and increased nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions compared to conventional fuels derived from crude oil.
Lubricity affects the wear of pumps and injection systems.

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

example 3

Production of Diesel from Soybean Oil in a Two Unit Process

[0036]The reactor setup and the operating conditions of Example 3 were based on the results of kinetic studies and reactor simulations using soybean oil. In the kinetic studies, concentrations of the soybean oil, acids, paraffins, olefins, cyclohexanes, aromatics and light compounds were measured as a function of residence time and temperature. Vapor-liquid equilibrium was provided by the reactor simulations. For a residence time of 15 to 25 minutes, the soybean oil was nearly completely converted. The acid content in the product(s) peaked at about 10 to 15 minutes, and then decreased with additional residence time. Again, diesel fuel compositions produced in accordance with the presently claimed methods can comprise less than or equal to 0.6 wt % of one or more oxygenated compounds (e.g., acids). In part due to the operating pressure, conversion of the soybean oil (e.g., for a residence time of 15 to 25 minutes) resulted in...

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PUM

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Abstract

A process for producing a fuel composition from vegetable and / or animal oil comprises feeding the oil to a tubular reaction unit containing a catalyst comprising an acidic component and a metal component, feeding effluent from the tubular reaction unit to a vapor-liquid separator, and feeding a vapor phase separated from the effluent from the tubular reaction unit to an adiabatic reaction unit comprising the same catalyst as in the tubular reaction unit comprising an acidic component and a metal component. The produced fuel composition has acceptable lubricity and comprises a mixture of C12 to C18 or C14 to C18 paraffins having a ratio of iso to normal paraffins of 2 to 8 and less than 5 ppm sulfur.

Description

BACKGROUND [0001]1. Field of Art[0002]Provided is a process and reaction system for the production of liquid fuels, particularly diesel, jet and naphtha fuels, from vegetable and / or animal oils.[0003]2. Description of the Related Art[0004]Most combustible liquid fuels used for on road, off road, stationary engines, and combustion turbines and boilers in the world today are derived from crude oil. However, there are several limitations to using crude oil as a fuel source. For example, crude oil is in limited supply, includes a high content of aromatics, and contains sulfur and nitrogen-containing compounds that can adversely affect the environment. There is a great desire and need in the industry to provide combustible liquid fuels that are more environmentally friendly, display good engine performance, and which are available from alternative sources that are abundantly renewable.[0005]Vegetable and animal oils are an abundant and renewable source. The use of vegetable oil in diesel...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): C10L1/18
CPCC10L1/08C10G3/47C10G2400/04C10G2300/1014C10G2300/1018C10G3/49Y02P30/20
InventorHERSKOWITZ, MORDECHAY
OwnerBEN GURION UNIVERSITY OF THE NEGEV