The invention discloses a blasting method for foundation pit excavation. The blasting method comprises the following steps of surveying a terrain, excavating a side slope, protecting the side slope, establishing a safety protection enclosure, drilling, charging, blocking, performing stepped blasting and removing ballast. The blasting method for foundation pit excavation is more scientific and reasonable, through the use of a mature slope protection technology and a rock stratum excavation construction technology, the establishment of a safe enclosure, strict drilling operation, a charging technology, standard operation of blasting, and the use of detection means with strict measures, the risk coefficient in the construction process can be effectively reduced, the blasting safety is greatly improved, and meanwhile, the influence of blasting on the surrounding environment can be effectively reduced, and the blasting method is high in blasting efficiency, low in cost and worthy of popularization.