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This invention discloses an FBG strain sensor based on misaligned fusion spliced ​​coreless optical fiber and its fabrication method. The sensor comprises an input single-mode fiber, multiple segments of coreless optical fiber, and an output single-mode fiber connected sequentially. The input single-mode fiber is fused together with the first segment of the coreless fiber in a misaligned manner, and the next segment of the coreless fiber is fused together with the previous segment in a misaligned manner, with the misalignment direction of the next segment opposite to that of the previous segment, but the misalignment distance being the same. The output single-mode fiber and the last segment of the coreless fiber are fused together axially. The central axes of the input and output single-mode fibers are collinear, and the cores of the input and output single-mode fibers are connected by a photolithographically written straight waveguide. A fiber Bragg grating is then optically etched along the straight waveguide. This invention uses femtosecond lasers to fabricate the FBG on the misaligned fiber structure, increasing the structure's strain response and making the strain sensitivity of the FBG on this structure higher than that of an FBG fabricated on ordinary silica optical fiber.

The invention discloses a material phase change in-situ monitoring method, and belongs to the technical field of optical fiber sensing. The method provided by the invention comprises the following steps: contacting a to-be-monitored material with a noble metal nano-film end of an optical fiber probe type sensor, then connecting one end, far away from a gold nano-film, of the optical fiber probe type sensor with a first port of an optical fiber circulator, and connecting a second port of the optical fiber circulator with a light source; a third port of the optical fiber circulator is connected with the optical fiber spectrometer; recording the reflection spectrum of the optical fiber probe type sensor on the optical fiber spectrometer, and monitoring the phase change of the material through the resonant wavelength at the resonant valley position in the reflection spectrum. The optical fiber probe type sensor comprises an optical fiber and a precious metal nano film. The precious metal nano-film is arranged on the end face of the optical fiber, and the precious metal nano-film comprises structural units arranged in an array structure. A wavelength modulation type optical fiber probe type sensor is adopted for monitoring. During monitoring, the phase change of the material is monitored by comparing the position change of the resonance valley.