System and method for phase-contrast imaging by use of X-ray gratings

Abstract

The application relates to a system and a method for the phase-contrast imaging by use of X-ray gratings. The system comprises an X-ray device, a first absorption grating, a second absorption grating, a detection unit, a data processing unit and an imaging unit, wherein the X-ray device transmits an X-ray bundle to a detected object; the first and second absorption gratings are positioned in the direction of the X-ray bundle; the X-ray refracted by the detected object forms an X-ray signal with variable intensity through the first absorption grating and/or the second absorption grating; the detection unit receives and converts the X-ray with variable intensity into an electrical signal; the data processing unit processes and extracts refraction-angle information in the electrical signal, and utilizes the refraction-angle information to figure out pixel information; and the imaging unit constructs images of the object. In addition, the system and the method can also realize CT imaging by using a rotating structure to rotate the object so as to obtain refraction angles in a plurality of projection directions and the corresponding images, and use CT reconstruction algorithm to figureout refraction-index fault images of the detected object. According to the invention, the phase-contrast imaging of approximate decimeter-magnitude viewing fields under incoherent conditions can be realized by use of common X-ray machines or multi-seam collimator such as source gratings, as well as two absorption gratings.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of perspective imaging, in particular to the photographic imaging and CT imaging of objects with X-rays. Background technique [0002] Traditional X-ray imaging technology uses the attenuation properties of X-rays by material materials to non-destructively inspect the internal structure of objects. Conventional X-ray imaging techniques are especially effective if the density of the structural composition of the various parts inside the object differs significantly. However, substances made of light elements such as hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen and oxygen are weak absorbers for X-rays, so the detailed structure inside them can hardly be seen with traditional X-ray imaging techniques. Even with other auxiliary means, such as imprinting contrast agents on biological tissues, it is difficult to obtain clear images. [0003] In the mid-1990s, due to the development of the third-generation synchrotron radiation facility, ha...

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