49 results about "Refraction angle" patented technology

The invention relates to the technical field of underwater facility measurement, and provides an underwater facility defect geometric feature measurement method and system, a medium and equipment, and the method comprises the steps: calculating the actual sound velocity based on the water temperature, water pressure and salinity, correcting a sonar point cloud, calculating the sound velocity change rate, and adjusting the size of a filtering window, performing smooth filtering on the corrected sonar point cloud; for the surface image, calculating an image dark channel, after smoothing the dark channel image through scattering filtering, calculating transmissivity, fusing a scattering coefficient, removing surface image scattered light, and correcting the scattering coefficient through turbidity; based on the salinity and the water temperature, the underwater refraction angle of the laser is calculated, and the three-dimensional scanning point cloud is corrected; registering and fusing the point clouds to generate a facility surface point cloud model; based on the surface image, texture information of the facility surface is extracted, after the texture information is mapped to the facility surface point cloud model, a defect area is segmented, and geometric feature parameter extraction is carried out. And the detection reliability in a complex water area environment is improved.

The invention provides an integrated navigation method combining starlight refraction positioning with inertial navigation in a near space, and belongs to the technical field of starlight refraction navigation positioning. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, determining a state model of starlight refraction positioning in a near space by taking an error equation of an inertial navigation system of a near space aircraft as a state equation; designing a near space starlight refraction positioning algorithm, identifying a refraction star by using a star sensor on the aircraft, acquiring a refraction angle as a measurement, and establishing a measurement model of starlight refraction positioning in a near space; and obtaining the optimal estimation value of the system state variable by using an extended Kalman filter (EKF) method. The method has the advantages of being suitable for near space, high in reliability, high in autonomy and the like, and can be finally used for pure astronomical positioning and astronomical / inertial integrated navigation.

A vehicle assembly including a radar sensor configured to emit radar waves over a range of wavelengths with an arrangement of layers placed opposite the radar sensor, including a first subset of layers configured to perform an optical function, each layer having a refractive index and a thickness, and a second subset of layers configured to provide protection for the first set of layers, each layer having a refractive index and a thickness. The total thickness of the second subset of layers is dimensioned so that the total thickness of the arrangement of layers is equal to m times a wavelength of the range divided by twice the equivalent refractive index of the first subset of layers and of the second subset of layers, times the cosine of a refracted angle corresponding to the angle of incidence of the radar waves, where m is an integer.

The present application provides a switchgear condensation monitoring method, device, electronic device, and storage medium, relating to the field of power monitoring technology. The method utilizes a laser to scan the condensation monitoring area on the top of the switchgear. The laser generates different types of optical signals based on the surface state of the condensation monitoring area, receives the optical signals, and collects light intensity information of the optical signals to determine whether condensation is present in the condensation monitoring area. The method also detects the first reception time of mirror-reflected light and the second reception time of refracted light, as well as the incident angle of the mirror-reflected light and the refraction angle of the refracted light, and determines the thickness of water droplets. Operation and maintenance responses are then prioritized based on whether condensation is present in the condensation monitoring area and the thickness of the water droplets. Thus, by collecting the intensity of reflected light and calculating the thickness of water droplets, the condensation situation inside the switchgear can be accurately reflected, improving the accuracy of condensation monitoring while also providing comprehensive early warnings and facilitating efficient maintenance.

The invention discloses a fish growth state monitoring method and system based on underwater image recognition, and relates to the technical field of fish growth state monitoring, and the method comprises the following steps: setting a temperature sensing region around the optical axis direction of a camera device, and carrying out the real-time collection of the temperature change of a local water body in an underwater environment, acquiring temperature gradient data corresponding to the light propagation path, and generating temperature layered mapping according to the temperature gradient data; and on the basis of temperature hierarchical mapping, constructing a refraction track sequence on the light propagation path, and adjusting the refraction angle weight according to the temperature difference of each hierarchical region to form the light propagation path. According to the invention, through combination of temperature sensing and light field compensation, continuous tracking and space geometry reconstruction of a light propagation path are realized, and the image contour is kept clear and stable. Based on the dynamic smoothing processing of a time sequence stable chain and a form balance area, the fish body form is kept uniform in time and space, false growth transition is avoided, and the stability and accuracy of a monitoring result are improved.

The invention discloses an array optical waveguide detection system and method, and the system comprises a light source which is used for transmitting a test light beam, transmitting the test light beam to a waveguide substrate, enabling the test light beam to enter an array optical waveguide through a first surface and then to be transmitted to an array spectroscope, the light is emitted to the second surface after passing through the array spectroscope; the detection assembly is used for receiving the test light beam emitted from the second surface so as to detect the parallelism of the array spectroscope; the incident angle of the test light beam emitted to the waveguide substrate is theta, theta = arcsin (n.sint), t meets: t is the refraction angle of the test light beam entering the waveguide substrate through the first surface, n is the refractive index of the waveguide substrate, and alpha is the included angle between the array spectroscope and the first surface. According to the array optical waveguide detection system, the measurement precision of the detection system can be improved.

The invention discloses an acoustic beam refraction angle adjusting device for non-parallel contact surfaces in the technical field of ultrasonic detection. The acoustic beam refraction angle adjusting device comprises a positioning and supporting structure, a rotation detection mechanism arranged on the positioning and supporting structure and a detection mechanism arranged on the rotation detection mechanism. Wherein the detection mechanism comprises a shell, a probe main body arranged in the shell, an outer frame arranged on the outer side of the probe main body, second rotating equipment arranged on the outer wall of the outer frame and third rotating equipment arranged on the outer side of the shell, and the second rotating equipment and the third rotating equipment are used for changing the incident angle of the probe main body. Therefore, the refraction angle of the acoustic beam of the probe body in the arc to-be-tested piece body is adjusted. The incident angle of the probe main body can be changed through cooperative control of the rotating equipment II and the rotating equipment III, so that the refraction angle of the acoustic beam of the probe main body in the arc to-be-detected piece is adjusted, the refraction angle of the acoustic beam in the workpiece is stable and controllable, and the adaptability and the detection precision of ultrasonic detection on the complex curved surface workpiece are improved.

The application provides a spacecraft autonomous navigation method and electronic equipment. The spacecraft autonomous navigation method comprises the following steps: determining technical indexes of an optical sensor according to navigation requirements, and determining a configuration of the optical sensor according to orbit information of the spacecraft; collecting a star map by using the optical sensor with the determined technical indexes and configuration, processing the star map, identifying a refraction star and extracting a refraction angle; and using a Kalman filtering algorithm to perform information fusion on information output by an inertial navigation system and a refraction apparent height calculated based on the refraction angle, so as to correct navigation errors and obtain corrected navigation information. The application corrects drift errors of the inertial navigation by astronomical navigation, maintains continuous navigation information by using the inertial navigation when the astronomical system is unavailable, and achieves the purpose of improving navigation accuracy.

The invention relates to the field of optical measurement, and discloses a method, system and related equipment for measuring liquid level height and liquid film thickness, and the method comprises the following steps: after a laser emitter emits at least two laser beams with different incident angles to the liquid level in a reagent bottle, obtaining the incident angle of each laser beam; based on the incident angle, determining an internal refraction angle after each laser beam irradiates the liquid film; obtaining the transverse offset of each laser beam; wherein the transverse offset is the offset between the laser emission position and the position of the preset observation point after the laser is refracted by the liquid in the reagent bottle; and calculating the height of the liquid level and the thickness of the liquid film based on each transverse offset and each internal refraction angle. Through multi-angle laser incidence and refraction change among air, the liquid film and the liquid, calculation of the liquid level height and the liquid film thickness is achieved, and the technical effects of being rapid, accurate, free of contact and capable of achieving real-time measurement are achieved.

Principals of refraction of a light ray are used to identify the location of an interface between two materials having different refractive indices. The interface may be an interface between a plasma layer and a red blood cell layer of a centrifuged container, for example. An array of light detector elements are arranged to receive light that has been refracted through different layers in a centrifuged sample. Elements of the light detector array are arranged at known locations relative to an emitter of the light so detection of light by one or more particular detector elements is indicative of the angle of refraction of the light. Vertical position of the sample is tracked and correlated with corresponding angles of refraction to determine the vertical position of the sample when a change in the angle of diffraction is detected.

The invention provides a spacecraft autonomous navigation method and electronic equipment. The autonomous navigation method for the spacecraft comprises the following steps: determining a technical index of an optical sensor according to a navigation requirement, and determining a configuration of the optical sensor according to orbit information of the spacecraft; acquiring a star map by using an optical sensor with determined technical indexes and configuration, processing the star map, identifying a refraction star and extracting a refraction angle; and carrying out information fusion on the information output by the inertial navigation system and the refraction apparent height calculated based on the refraction angle by using a Kalman filtering algorithm so as to correct the navigation error and obtain the corrected navigation information. The drifting error of the inertial navigation is corrected through the astronomical navigation, and the navigation information is kept continuous through the inertial navigation when the astronomical system is unavailable, so that the purpose of improving the navigation precision is achieved.

This application discloses an optical detection device, comprising: a light source, a linear polarizer, a quarter-wave plate, an optical metasurface, and a light detection unit. The linear polarizer, quarter-wave plate, and metasurface are sequentially arranged along the propagation direction of the incident light. The metasurface comprises a transparent substrate layer and a dielectric nanocolumn layer. The fast axis of the quarter-wave plate has a first angle. When the first angle is a first characteristic angle, the light emitted from the quarter-wave plate is circularly polarized light. The light detection unit detects the optical power of the light emitted from the metasurface in a second angular direction, and obtains a second characteristic angle from the maximum optical power. The refraction angle is obtained from the wavelength of the incident light, the geometric parameters of the metasurface, and the refractive index of air. When the refraction angle is equal to the second characteristic angle, the first angle is the first characteristic angle. This device does not use a modulator or spectrometer, but only requires the pre-fabrication of the metasurface, which greatly reduces the device size and achieves miniaturization and integration.

The application provides an optical waveguide and an electronic device. The optical waveguide comprises a waveguide substrate, and a coupling-in region and a coupling-out region are arranged on the side surface of the waveguide substrate. The coupling-in region is used for coupling light into the waveguide substrate, and the light is coupled out from the coupling-out region after reflection propagation inside the waveguide substrate. One of the coupling-in region and the coupling-out region is a positive dispersion region, and the other is a negative dispersion region. The dispersion generated after the light passes through the positive dispersion region is used for compensating the dispersion generated after the light passes through the negative dispersion region. The processing effects of the positive dispersion region and the negative dispersion region on light of different wavelengths can be mutually compensated, so that light of different wavelengths incident at the same incident angle can be emitted at a similar refraction angle. In this way, the light of different wavelengths can have a similar diffraction order when being coupled out, the energy of the light of different wavelengths coupled out is similar, and thus the picture effect of the electronic device is improved.

A device for evaluating the cross-sectional shape of a welded portion according to the present invention comprises: a transmission / reception unit that focuses ultrasonic waves near a welded portion by using a contact medium, transmits ultrasonic waves having a plurality of refraction angles at an angle inclined with respect to the thickness direction of a metal material by using a contact medium, and receives reflected ultrasonic waves for each of the plurality of refraction angles by using a contact medium; a signal processing unit that performs amplification processing and filter processing on the reflected waves having each of the plurality of refraction angles, then uses the amplification-processed and filter-processed reflected waves to extract echo amplitudes within a detection gate for each of the plurality of refraction angles, generates an image showing the distribution of the echo amplitudes within the detection gate for each ultrasonic wave refraction angle, and generates an echo amplitude map obtained by synthesizing each image by using the refraction angle corresponding thereto; and an output unit that outputs the echo amplitude map.

The utility model discloses a refraction angle tester for an optical fiber array. The refraction angle tester comprises a supporting base, a laser emitting assembly and an optical fiber array fixing assembly which are arranged on the supporting base, and an angle identification table placed outside the supporting base, through the laser emitting assembly and the optical fiber array fixing assembly, when the optical fiber array to be processed needs to be detected, whether the optical fiber array meets the production standard or not can be preliminarily judged by observing the scale position of the laser reflected by the optical fiber array on the angle identification table, and if flaws exist in the optical fiber array, the optical fiber array can be accurately detected. Compared with tedious detection steps in the prior art, only the relative positions of the laser emitting assembly, the optical fiber array fixing assembly and the angle marking table need to be adjusted to correct positions, and then the laser emitting assembly, the optical fiber array fixing assembly and the angle marking table are adjusted to correct positions. After the optical fiber array is installed on the clamping part and the laser emitting device is turned on, whether the optical fiber array has flaws or not can be preliminarily judged, and operation is easy, convenient and efficient.

The invention discloses projection equipment, which comprises a light source device, an illumination system and a projection lens, and is characterized in that the light source device emits a projection light beam along a first direction; the illumination system comprises a direction correction lens group and a light modulator; the direction correction lens group comprises a first prism assembly and a second prism assembly, and the first prism assembly refracts an incident light beam, so that the incident angle of the light beam incident to the light incident surface of the second prism assembly is increased; the second prism assembly refracts the incident light beam in the direction deviating from the light modulator and reflects the refracted light beam to the light modulator. Through the refraction effect of the first prism assembly, the incident angle of the light beam at the light incident surface of the second prism assembly is increased, so that the refraction angle of the light beam refracted at the light incident surface is increased, the refracted light beam moves in the direction away from the light modulator, and the thickness of the part, close to the light modulator, of the second prism assembly can be reduced; the size of the second prism assembly is reduced, and miniaturization of the lighting system is facilitated.

The present invention provides a means to increase the refraction angle of ultrasound on the inner surface of a pipe carrying cryogenic fluid compared to conventional methods, and to reduce ultrasound waves other than the central wave entering the cryogenic fluid, thereby improving the accuracy of detecting the propagation time of ultrasound. [Solution] The wedge 20 has a first surface 21, a second surface 22, and a third surface 23 that are perpendicular to the central plane 4 containing the central axis Z. The first surface is located parallel to the central axis and has a reference point A to which the transverse wave center wave TC is incident. The second surface has a reflection point B that converts the longitudinal wave center wave PC into a transverse wave center wave TC and reflects it. The third surface has a longitudinal wave transmission point C to which the ultrasonic transducer 12 is attached and which emits the longitudinal wave center wave PC. The incident angle θ1 of the reference point A is set to be between 65° and 75°, and the incident angle θ3 of the reflection point B is set to be between 65° and 75°. In addition, the contact medium 30 is located in an usable angle range α of 5° to 10° with respect to the incident angle θ1.

The application discloses a light guide column and a cylindrical light guide column side wall structure adjusting method and device, wherein the method comprises the following steps: obtaining the size parameters of the light guide column; calculating the total reflection angle of the light guide column according to the refractive index of the light guide column and the refractive index of air based on the refraction law; and calculating the refraction angle of the refracted light according to the incident angle of the incident light; when the complementary angle of the refraction angle is less than the total reflection angle, obtaining the first inclination angle range of the side wall of the light guide column according to the refraction angle and the total reflection angle; calculating the position of the edge light of the light guide column first incident to the side wall of the light guide column after being refracted by the light inlet surface based on the refraction angle and the diameter of the light inlet surface, and marking the position as the first position; and adjusting the side wall of the light guide column according to the first inclination angle range from the direction of the first position to the bottom surface of the light guide column to form a first inclined surface, so that the refracted light is totally reflected on the first inclined surface. Therefore, the refracted light can still be totally reflected on the side wall, the light energy loss is reduced, and the light guide efficiency is improved.

The application provides an optical structure, comprising two optical windows spaced from each other, and an air film formed between the two optical windows; the optical structure can convert an incident Gaussian beam into a flat-top beam; wherein the optical structure satisfies the following relationship: T*F*k*d*sinθ i =n0sinθ t ; wherein T is the transmittance of the air film, F is the Fresnel coefficient, k is the wave number, δ is the phase difference generated after the Gaussian beam is alternately reflected once in the air film, R is the reflectivity of the interfaces between the air film and the two optical windows, d is the thickness of the air film, n0 is the refractive index of the air film, θ t is the refraction angle of the Gaussian beam in the air film, n is the refractive index of the optical window, and θ i is the incident angle of the Gaussian beam when the Gaussian beam is incident from the optical window into the air film. The application also provides an exposure device.

The invention relates to the technical field of optical spectrum instrument design, in particular to an infrared light refractive index and transmissivity testing system and method for infrared optical glass, and the system comprises an infrared light source unit, a monochromator unit, a precise angle measuring unit, a general control unit and an upper computer data processing system. Incident light is divided into sample light and reference light through the double-beam light splitting module, the refraction angle and the light intensity of light beams penetrating through a sample are automatically tracked and measured by utilizing the self-positioning aiming mobile table, and meanwhile, an optical path compensation module and a full-automatic temperature control system are combined, so that the aim of measuring the light intensity of the sample within a set broadband and temperature range is achieved. And the refractive index, the reflectivity and the transmissivity parameters of a prism or window sample are subjected to integrated and high-precision synchronous measurement. The technical problems that in the prior art, multiple instruments are relied on, the operation process is complex, efficiency is low, and accurate measurement is difficult to conduct under the variable temperature condition are effectively solved.

A method and apparatus for evaluating the cross-sectional shape of a weld that can evaluate the cross-sectional shape of a weld metal nondestructively and with high accuracy. [Solution] The device for evaluating the cross-sectional shape of a weld according to the present invention comprises a transmitter / receiver unit that focuses ultrasonic waves near the weld via a coupling medium, transmits ultrasonic waves at multiple refraction angles via the coupling medium at angles inclined relative to the thickness direction of the metal material, and receives reflected waves of the ultrasonic waves via the coupling medium for each of the multiple refraction angles of the ultrasonic waves; a signal processor that amplifies and filters the reflected waves for each of the multiple refraction angles, and then uses the reflected waves after amplification and filtering to extract echo heights within a detection gate for each of the multiple refraction angles, generates an image showing the distribution of echo heights within the detection gate for each refraction angle of the ultrasonic waves, and generates an echo height map by combining the images at the corresponding refraction angles; and an output unit that outputs the echo height map.

A control system for construction machinery includes an upper camera installed in a driver cabin of a rear body to capture a front view of the driver cabin, a lower camera installed in a front body rotatably connected to the rear body to capture a front view of the front body, a steering angle determiner configured to recognize a shape of the front body in the first image captured from the upper camera and to determine a refraction angle of the front body, an image processor configured to synthesize the first and second images into one synthesized image, and to set a position of a transparency processing area in which at least one of the first and second images is transparency-processed in the synthesized image according to the refraction angle of the front body, and a display device configured to display the synthesized image transparency-processed by the image processing device.

The application provides a simplified calculation method and application of reflectivity of a non-metal material surface, and the simplified calculation method specifically comprises the following steps: S1, calculating directional-spectrum reflectivity; S2, when the incident medium is air, the air-side refractive index is 1, and the refraction angle χ is calculated; S3, the reflectivity is divided into three regions, wherein the region I is a region where the incident angle is less than 1 rad, the region II is a region where the incident angle is greater than 1 rad and the refractive index is in the interval (1, 5.5], and the region III is a region where the incident angle is greater than 1 rad and the refractive index is in the interval (5.5, 20]; and S4, according to different regions, the reflectivity of the material surface under different incident angles is calculated, wherein the reflectivity calculation formula of the region I is ρ = 0.82 - 1.02 * 0.82 n , the reflectivity calculation formula of the region II is ρ = a + bI c , and the reflectivity calculation formula of the region III is

The utility model relates to the technical field of concentration meters, and particularly discloses an on-line concentration meter, which comprises an on-line concentration meter body, a plug arranged on the circumferential surface of the on-line concentration meter body, eight interfaces of the plug, and a reflection structure arranged on the circumferential surface of the on-line concentration meter body, the reflection structure comprises a prism, the prism is made of sapphire materials, the prism is arranged below the plug, and the plug is arranged below the prism. The reflection structure further comprises an LED light source, a light path optical fiber and a CCD array, by arranging the reflection structure, the instrument firstly changes the refraction angle in soluble liquid, the corresponding refractive index also changes, the refractive index and the concentration temperature rule are as follows: the refractive index is increased, the concentration is increased, the temperature is increased when the concentration is not changed, and the refractive index is reduced; therefore, the refractive index can directly reflect the concentration change, the temperature fluctuation influences the refractive index and the concentration, the sample concentration can be continuously detected, linkage control with a PLC and an upper computer can be realized by arranging a plug, the hysteresis quality between offline monitoring data is reduced, and the practicability is improved.

The present invention relates to an electronic laser scanning device capable of electronically scanning a subject without a mechanical driving unit. The present invention relates to technology capable of precisely scanning a subject without a mechanical driving unit by precisely adjusting the polarization and reflection and refraction angles of a laser signal by using an electronic transmission / reception optical modulator and a scan lens.

The present invention relates to a method for calculating the refraction angle of a near-space non-uniform atmosphere. The method comprises the following steps: obtaining the deflection angle of light in the atmosphere to obtain a refraction angle model; determining atmospheric density changes to obtain a Boltzmann statistical model, and further obtaining a Boltzmann energy distribution model; determining molecular kinetic energy and potential energy, substituting the molecular kinetic energy and potential energy into the Boltzmann energy distribution model to obtain the number density of atmospheric molecules at a distance from the center of the earth; determining a variation law of the number density of atmospheric molecules with altitude and atmospheric temperature based on the number density of atmospheric molecules at the distance from the center of the earth; obtaining a transmission path from an observation altitude to the top of the atmosphere, and obtaining the atmospheric temperature and atmospheric pressure at the observation altitude in combination with the variation law of the number density of atmospheric molecules with altitude and atmospheric temperature; inputting the atmospheric temperature and atmospheric pressure at the observation altitude into an Elden refractive index model to obtain a refractive index value under corresponding radiation conditions, and inputting the refractive index value into a refraction angle model to obtain the refraction angle.

The application relates to a phased array ultrasonic wedge parameter calibration method, which comprises the following steps: setting a workpiece sound velocity as a standard test block sound velocity, setting initial parameters of a wedge, setting a sector scanning strategy; once or multiple times selecting a waveform display angle to determine a selected refraction angle, using a plurality of test blocks with different depth horizontal hole reflectors to obtain different sound paths in a workpiece; and / or measuring a horizontal distance from a probe front to a horizontal hole; and determining a sound velocity of the wedge and / or a size of the wedge according to the standard test block sound velocity, the initial parameters of the wedge and / or the horizontal distance. The application can calibrate a wedge parameter model by using limited times of independent positioning measurement data, so as to achieve the goal of calibrating all detection data.

The application relates to a starlight refraction information calculation method and device based on two-stage fine light ray tracing. According to a global three-dimensional atmospheric refraction index field, the method determines the refraction index distribution of all atmospheric layers in a starlight refraction propagation path, divides a vector two-layer atmosphere into multiple layers, calculates the refraction index of each fine layer, and then calculates the refraction angle change amount and the height change amount from the center of the earth of the starlight passing through the fine layer of the first starlight path and the second starlight path. The obtained refraction angle change amount is summed to obtain the total refraction angle of the starlight passing through the atmospheric layer. Compared with an empirical starlight atmospheric refraction model, the method can accurately simulate the refraction path of the starlight passing through the global atmospheric layer by using a two-stage fine light ray tracing method, avoids the simplification error caused by the empirical starlight atmospheric refraction model when simulating starlight refraction, and improves the accuracy of the starlight refraction angle and starlight refraction visual height and other refraction information.

According to the low-altitude patrol system and method for the AI unmanned aerial vehicle in the smart city, the intensity graph reflecting actual illumination distribution is constructed by combining optical parameters such as the refractive index, the refraction angle, the reflectivity and the transmission light intensity of a transparent material, and therefore fine correction is conducted on an initial contour. In the aspect of path planning, the visible contour is accurately mapped to the search space of the A * algorithm, a dynamic adjustment heuristic weight strategy is further provided, and the generation logic of the obstacle avoidance path is adaptively adjusted according to the distance between the unmanned aerial vehicle and the obstacle at present and the geometric complexity of the edge of the obstacle. Compared with an existing path planning method which is fixed in weight or only depends on static obstacle information, the strategy can preferentially select a safe path far away from the transparent obstacle while ensuring path optimality.

The present invention relates to a vehicle component (1), comprising: a radar sensor (10) configured to emit radar waves (R1) within a range (Δ1) of wavelengths (λ); and a light emitting module (13); the component being characterized in that the light emitting module (13) comprises a sublayer (14) and a pattern (150) layer (15), the pattern (150) layer (15) forming a repetition period of a pattern (150) that is less than one quarter of the wavelength (λ) within the range (Δ1), and characterized in that the total thickness (e0) of the light emitting module (13) is equal to m multiplied by the wavelength (λ) within the range (Δ1), as a whole divided by the product of twice the equivalent refractive index of the sublayer (14) and the pattern (150) layer (15) and the cosine of the refraction angle corresponding to the angle of incidence of the radar wave (R1), wherein m is an integer.