An instrument for measuring mechanical impurities in crude oil and petroleum products

Abstract

A disclosed determinator for mechanical impurities in crude oil and petroleum products comprises a funnel and a flask, and also comprises an extraction cylinder; the upper opening of the extraction cylinder is connected with a ferrule in a sleeved mode; the ferrule is connected with a heat exchanger composed of heat conduction sheets in an inserted mode; the interior of the heat exchanger is connected with a condenser in an inserted mode; the lower opening of the extraction cylinder is connected with a pedestal on which the funnel is disposed; the center of the pedestal is provided with a gas-guide tube which is connected with the flask in an inserted mode; and an electric jacket is arranged below the flask. Therefore, when an experiment is carried out, a sample is put into the funnel provided with filter paper; and a solvent is put in the flask, the solvent is gasified after heated, influenced by the lower temperature of the condenser and the heat exchanger, cooled at the upper opening of the extraction cylinder, and relatively uniformly dropped into the sample in the funnel for extraction, and the solvent flows back to the pedestal. Therefore, the operation is simple, labor force is liberated, the influence coming from the subjective consciousness of an operator is reduced, the accuracy and the stability of the determined data are improved, also the consumption of the sample and the solvent are less, and the influences on the operator and the environment are less.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the detection of oil products, in particular to a measuring instrument for mechanical impurities in crude oil and petroleum products. Background technique [0002] The mechanical impurities defined in the petroleum field refer to all precipitates or suspended substances that are insoluble in specified solvents in crude oil and petroleum products, such as mud sand, dust, iron filings, fibers and certain insoluble salts. Mechanical impurities either come from crude oil or are mixed in during transportation and processing. The common feature is that these impurity particles are small, have a large specific surface area, and are in a suspended state. It is difficult to settle mechanical impurities by simple sedimentation in a short period of time. During the storage, transportation and use of oil products, mechanical impurities in oil products are very harmful. The mechanical impurity particles will block the oil filter, causing ...

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Problems solved by technology

The mechanical impurity particles will block the oil filter, causing poor oil supply and affecting the mechanical efficiency; after the oil enters the cylinder, the mechanical impurity particles will aggravate the wear of the cylinder liner and piston ring, and the mechanical impurities will become inorganic small particles after high-temperature combustion. Under the condition of internal high temperature and high pressure, the high-speed impact on the cylinder surface reduces the smoothness of the cylinder surface and reduces the airtightness of the cylinder. At the same time, these small particles will adhere to the cylinder surface and corrode it, which will eventually lead to insufficient engine power and reduced efficiency.

The mechanical impurities in the boiler fuel will block the nozzle, and the inorganic salts formed by the high-temperature combustion of inorganic impurities will accumulate on the inner surface of the boiler, causing the boiler to be heated unevenly and corroded, thereby affecting the service life of the boiler. Causing boiler explosion, causing serious personal and property injury

The method for the determination of mechanical impurities in oil products is: GB / T510 Determination of Mechanical Impurities in Petroleum Products and Additives. When measuring GB / T510 standards, a certain amount of sample is weighed, dissolved in the solvent used, and placed in a funnel for constant Heavy filter paper filtration, the impurities left on the filter paper are mechanical impurities, but the consumption of samples and solvents is large, and the measurement requires about 400g of samples, which is inconvenient to operate, heavy workload, and has a great impact on operators

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