Artificial emasculation method for sunflowers

Abstract

The invention relates to an emasculation method for sunflowers, particularly to an artificial emasculation method for sunflower hybridization and is applied to fields of artificial emasculation and hybridization of the sunflowers. The artificial emasculation method for the sunflowers is convenient and quick to operate, capable of saving manpower and material resources and good in emasculation effect. The artificial emasculation method for the sunflowers comprises the step as follows: when stamens and pistils of the sunflowers are separated at a certain distance, removing anther with bent-head tweezers. The artificial emasculation method for the sunflowers is convenient to operate and high in efficiency, the anther can be removed effectively, and the hybrid rate can be increased, so that resources are saved, and the cost is reduced.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a sunflower detasseling method, in particular to an artificial detasseling method for sunflower hybridization. Background technique [0002] Sunflower is the second largest oil crop in the world. Its oil has good stability, fragrant smell, and is resistant to storage. The content of linoleic acid is higher than that of soybean oil, rapeseed oil, and peanut oil. Long-term consumption can reduce cholesterol in the human body and prevent cardiovascular system diseases; it is also rich in linoleic acid. Substances such as vitamins A, D, E and carotenoids are beneficial to the development and metabolism of the human body after consumption. [0003] Edible sunflower seeds are rich in protein, fatty acid, unsaturated fatty acid and other ingredients that are beneficial to the human body. The protein content in edible sunflower seeds is as high as 20% to 40%, and the oil content is 30% to 45%. Moreover, the oil is good, fragrant, eas...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0006] 1. It is difficult to ensure a certain hybridization rate. Since sunflower is a flower head, there are about 1000-1500 florets on each flower disc, and there are about 6000 to 10,000 pollen grains in the anthers of each floret, plus foreign For pollen, it is difficult to ensure a certain hybridization rate. According to our experiments, the hybridization rate in this case is generally between 30-40%, and some are around 10%;

[0007] 2. There are many repeated operations. Since the flowering sequence of sunflowers is from the outside to the inside, about 3-4 circles per day, the entire inflorescence takes 5-7 days. In order to ensure a certain number of hybrids, continuous pollination is required 3-4 times only then;

[0008] 3. A large number of hybrids need to be planted in the offspring to breed a certain number of hybrids. For example, if about 25 hybrids need to be bred, 100-120 hybrids must be planted to be bred, and the selection probability is low;

[0009] 4. Due to the large planting base of the offspring and the low selection rate, it will inevitably lead to waste of personnel, land area, and investment

About 50-60% of various resources are wasted in the same planting area

[0010] Due to the low efficiency of one link, the resources in the follow-up link are wasted, and the speed and difficulty of breeding material selection increase, which directly leads to a decrease in the speed of new breed selection and promotion.