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A method and system for improving water use efficiency of winter wheat

A winter wheat and water technology, applied in the field of improving the water use efficiency of winter wheat, can solve the problems of crop growth influence, weak growth, crop yield reduction, etc., and achieve the effects of improving soil moisture and fertility, reducing damage and flow, and maintaining soil moisture and fertility.

Active Publication Date: 2020-04-21
CHINA INST OF WATER RESOURCES & HYDROPOWER RES
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

However, this method will cause "injury" at the root-cut part, and the liquid flowing out from the root-cut part is rich in nutrients needed for crop growth. If the loss is too much, it will cause weak growth, and the crop growth will be affected for a period of time after the root is cut. The necrosis of the cut root causes crop yield reduction or even withering

Method used

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  • A method and system for improving water use efficiency of winter wheat
  • A method and system for improving water use efficiency of winter wheat
  • A method and system for improving water use efficiency of winter wheat

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Embodiment 1

[0034] This embodiment is a method for improving the water use efficiency of winter wheat. The steps of the method are as follows:

[0035] (1) Steps for assessing the degree of crop drought: first evaluate the degree of drought in different growth stages of crops under the long-term historical sequence, and evaluate the true degree of drought in the current growth period; if: the true degree of drought is greater than the historical degree of drought, and the historical degree of drought The evaluation shows that the drought is a strengthening trend, that is, the drought degree in the next growth period is greater than that in the current growth period, so the amount of root cutting needs to be determined according to the true drought degree in the current growth period.

[0036] Drought assessment: Calculations of Palmer's method and modified PDSI index can be used.

[0037] (1) Palmer method: Palmer (Palmer, translated as Palmer) believes that the drought period is a perio...

Embodiment 2

[0083] This embodiment is an improvement of the first embodiment, and it is a refinement of the first embodiment about the location of root removal. The root-cutting position described in this embodiment is from both sides of the main stem l 1 =2.0cm, l 2 =1.8cm, l 3 =1.5cm, l 4 =1.3cm cm, see figure 1 , 2 , pruning depth h For: 10 cm vertical undercut, see figure 1 , or from both sides of the main stem 3.0cm, 2.8cm, 2.5cm, 2.3cm, cut down at an angle of 45 degrees to the main root, and the root cutting amount is 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% respectively.

[0084] Measure the soil water content of the wheat field before root cutting, based on the field water capacity, when the soil water content of the wheat field is kept at about 50% of the field water capacity (moderate drought), the root cutting position is 1.5cm away from the main stem , cut 10cm vertically to ensure that there are fewer roots in the upper layer and more roots in the lower layer. After the root is cut, th...

Embodiment 3

[0086] The present embodiment is a system for improving winter wheat yield and water use efficiency for realizing the above-mentioned method. The system includes: at least one set of root-cutting knives 1 installed on the tractor frame and a tool holder 2 for installing the root-breaking knives. Coalescing device 3 is installed on the pruning knife or knife rest, and described coagulating device is connected with the coagulating device power supply 5 that is installed on the tractor 4, as image 3 , 4 shown.

[0087] This embodiment is a system for realizing the mechanized root-cutting operation of the above-mentioned root-cutting method. The system includes:

[0088] Ritual knife: It can be ultrasonic root knife or electric coagulation root knife.

[0089] A positioning device can be installed on the tool post: use laser rangefinder + carry stepping motor + tilting stepping motor to measure the distance between the central axis and the plant, and adjust the relative positi...

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Abstract

The invention relates to a method and system for improving the winter wheat water use efficiency. The method comprises the steps of evaluating the drought degree of crops; selecting a root breaking stage; determining a root cut amount; calculating current winter wheat growth period root system space distribution; determining the root breakage depth; determining the root breakage position; performing root breakage. According to the method, the climate and field humidity are estimated, the root breakage amount is determined according to the winter wheat earlier stage growth vigor and drought evaluation; a root system distribution mathematics model is built to judge the wheat root system development situation, and therefore parameters such as the root breakage opportunity, position and depth are determined. The system adopts the root breakage condensation method, the phenomenon that a nutrition solution flows out from a cut-off tool when the crop roots are cut off is avoided, bleeding is reduced as much as possible, the crops with broken roots can rapidly recover to the original growth vigor, the phenomena that the yield of crops is decreased and the crops are withered due to the broken root portions are dead are avoided, the water resource utilization rate in the crop growth process is increased, and the soil moisture content and fertility of the farmland are improved and maintained.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method and system for improving water use efficiency of winter wheat, which is a water-saving and environment-friendly farmland management measure, and a method and system for improving crop yield and water use efficiency. Background technique [0002] Wheat is the main food crop, but in semi-arid dryland agricultural areas, the lack of water resources has become the main factor limiting the high yield of wheat. The environmental resource with the strongest competition among plant individuals is soil water, and the root system is the most important organ for water competition. Root growth and development are closely related to crop yield. Reasonable regulation of root growth can promote the coordinated development of aboveground and underground parts of crops, which is conducive to increasing crop yield. [0003] In agricultural production practice, it has always been the focus of dryland agricultural research to promote the ...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): A01G7/06A01G3/00
CPCA01G3/00A01G7/06
Inventor 王英严登华蒋云钟龚家国聂汉江徐婷孙若尘
Owner CHINA INST OF WATER RESOURCES & HYDROPOWER RES
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