Crop cultivation method for soil improvement

A cultivation method and soil improvement technology, which are applied in the fields of land preparation methods, applications, agricultural machinery and implements, etc., can solve the problems of waste of straw and low degree of organic transformation of straw.

Active Publication Date: 2018-12-07
JILIN ACAD OF AGRI SCI
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0004] Moreover, after the annual harvest in Northeast China, most of the crop straws are left on the farmland, and in some areas there is even the behavior of burning straws in the second spring, resulting in a large amount of waste of straws. Low
[0005] At present, there is no efficient and comprehensive crop cultivation method for straw returning to the field that can improve the soil

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0043] In the semi-arid area in the west of Jilin Province, droughts often occur, and the soil in the cultivated layer is thin and the soil fertility is low.

[0044] In the first year of planting corn, use a wide and narrow strip subsoiler to subsoil the farmland soil in wide and narrow rows before planting corn in spring. The depth of subsoiling is 30cm. Combined with soil joint compaction and completed at the same time. Use the corn wide and narrow row seeder for mechanical precision seeding and row operation. Finally, use the integrated machine for mulching and drip irrigation capillary laying, and lay the mulch and drip irrigation capillary at the same time. During the growth period, the laid drip irrigation pipes are used for topdressing operations. After the corn harvest in autumn, the corn stalks are directly crushed into 8cm particles, and the farmland is plowed deeply with a rotary plow, and the deep plows are returned to the field into the soil of 30cm. After the...

Embodiment 2

[0052] In the semi-arid area in the west of Jilin Province, droughts often occur, and the soil in the cultivated layer is thin and the soil fertility is low.

[0053]Corn is planted in year 1. Before sowing corn in spring, use a uniform row strip subsoiler to subsoil the farmland soil in strips. The subsoiling depth is 30cm. Completed at the same time. Use the corn uniform row seeder to carry out mechanical precision seeding and row operations. Finally, use the integrated machine for mulching and drip irrigation capillary laying, and lay the mulch and drip irrigation capillary at the same time. In case of drought during the corn growth process, the laid drip irrigation pipes can be directly used for drought resistance and water replenishment to reduce drought losses. For the topdressing of corn at the jointing stage, the laid drip irrigation pipes are used to supplement water and fertilizer at the same time, so as to improve the utilization efficiency of water and fertilize...

Embodiment 3

[0059] In the semi-arid area in the west of Jilin Province, droughts often occur, and the soil in the cultivated layer is thin and the soil fertility is low.

[0060] Corn is planted in year 1. Before sowing corn in spring, use a wide and narrow row compound subsoiler to carry out strip subsoiling of the farmland soil. The subsoiling depths are 35cm and 25cm respectively, and the distance between the long shovel and the short shovel is 130cm. Combining compound subsoiling and soil joint compaction operations and completing them at the same time. Use the corn wide and narrow row seeder for mechanical precision seeding and row operation. Then use the integrated machine for mulching and drip irrigation capillary laying, and lay the mulch and drip irrigation capillary at the same time. During the growth period, the laid drip irrigation pipes are used for topdressing operations. After the autumn corn is harvested, the straw is directly bundled and stacked, and the straw decompos...

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Abstract

The invention provides a crop cultivation method for soil improvement and belongs to the technical field of crop cultivation. The method comprises the following steps that (1) rolling is conducted after soil is subjected to deep scarification, first crops are sowed, a drip irrigation tape is laid, after the first crops are harvested, straw of the first crops is smashed and deeply ploughed into thesoil or covers the ground surface of a farm field, and rotary tillage is conducted once; (2) in the second year, rolling is conducted after soil is subjected to deep scarification, second crops are sowed, a drip irrigation tape is laid, after the second crops are harvested, straw of the second crops is smashed and deeply ploughed into the soil, and rotary tillage is conducted once, wherein the second crops comprise gramineous crops or leguminous crops; (3) in the third year, rolling is conducted after soil is subjected to deep scarification, third crops are sowed, a drip irrigation tape is laid, after the third crops are harvested, straw of the third crops is smashed and deeply ploughed into the soil, and rotary tillage is conducted once, wherein the third crops comprise gramineous cropsor leguminous crops; the second crops are different from the first crops and the third crops. According to the method, the soil can be obviously improved, and the yield increase effect is obvious.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of crop cultivation, and in particular relates to a crop cultivation method for improving soil. Background technique [0002] Due to climate factors in the Northeast Plain, only one season of crops is generally planted a year, and the conventional cultivation method is mainly continuous cropping, with low ecological and economic benefits. The accumulation of crop pathogenic bacteria is serious, and the occurrence of diseases and insect pests is frequent and gradually aggravated. In particular, soil-borne diseases continue to occur, and pathogenic bacteria gradually evolve and strengthen, making it difficult to control and become the main threat to production, causing severe crop yield reduction. The deterioration of the plow layer soil leads to the decrease of soil microbial activity, the imbalance of microbial community, and the decline of nutrient decomposition. The single nutrient in the soil consumes a...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): A01B79/02
CPCA01B79/02Y02A40/22
Inventor 闫伟平边少锋王立春张丽华赵洪祥谭国波陈宝玉王洪君曹铁华梁煊赫孟祥盟孙宁
Owner JILIN ACAD OF AGRI SCI
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