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Lithium metal battery negative electrode dendrite inhibitor

A battery anode and inhibitor technology, which is applied in the manufacture of lithium batteries, electrolyte batteries, secondary batteries, etc., can solve the problems of uneven lithium ion concentration flow, fast growth rate of metal lithium, and attenuation of battery Coulomb efficiency, and achieve the goal of inhibiting branching. Crystal growth, improving Coulomb efficiency and stability, and high mechanical strength

Inactive Publication Date: 2020-02-04
NANJING UNIV OF AERONAUTICS & ASTRONAUTICS
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The main problem currently existing in lithium metal batteries is that during the process of metal lithium ions being reduced to metal by electrons on the negative electrode, due to the inhomogeneous flow of lithium ion concentration at the solid-liquid phase interface, the concentration of lithium ions in the direction of fast ion transmission is higher, and metal lithium grows. The speed is faster, so it will crystallize to form dendritic lithium metal - "dendritic lithium"
When "dendritic lithium" grows to a certain extent, it will pierce the diaphragm, causing an internal short circuit in the battery, which seriously threatens personal safety.
At the same time, lithium dendrites are easy to fall off into the electrolyte, which causes the battery Coulombic efficiency to decay rapidly after many cycles. These are obviously problems that we need to deal with in the practical application of lithium metal batteries.

Method used

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  • Lithium metal battery negative electrode dendrite inhibitor
  • Lithium metal battery negative electrode dendrite inhibitor

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0013] The negative electrode dendrite inhibitor of lithium metal battery is tetrafluorophthalonitrile.

[0014] The dendrite inhibitor is used to prepare the electrolyte, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0015] Add 0.5% tetrafluorophthalonitrile by mole percentage to 20ml 1mol / L LiPF6 PC electrolyte, mix and let stand for 12h.

[0016] The prepared electrolyte is used for the preparation of lithium metal batteries:

[0017] Under the protection of an Ar atmosphere glove box, the above-mentioned electrolyte solution containing tetrafluorophthalonitrile was assembled into a half-cell, which was charged for the first time at a given current, and then the charge-discharge cycle was carried out. The cathode current density of the half-cell was 1.0 mA / cm2; 1mAh.

Embodiment 2

[0019] The negative electrode dendrite inhibitor of lithium metal battery is tetrafluorophthalonitrile.

[0020] The dendrite inhibitor is used to prepare the electrolyte, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0021] Add tetrafluorophthalonitrile with a mole percentage of about 2% to 20ml of 1mol / L LiPF6 PC electrolyte, mix and let stand for 12 hours.

[0022] The prepared electrolyte is used for the preparation of lithium metal batteries:

[0023] Under the protection of an Ar atmosphere glove box, the above-mentioned electrolyte solution containing tetrafluorophthalonitrile was assembled into a half-cell, which was charged for the first time at a given current, and then the charge-discharge cycle was carried out. The cathode current density of the half-cell was 1.0 mA / cm2; 1mAh.

Embodiment 3

[0025] A negative electrode dendrite inhibitor of a lithium metal battery is tetrafluorophthalonitrile.

[0026] The dendrite inhibitor is used to prepare the electrolyte, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0027] Add tetrafluorophthalonitrile with a molar percentage of about 5% to 20ml of 1mol / L LiPF6 PC electrolyte, mix and let stand for 12 hours.

[0028] The prepared electrolyte is used for the preparation of lithium metal batteries:

[0029] Under the protection of an Ar atmosphere glove box, the above-mentioned electrolyte solution containing tetrafluorophthalonitrile was assembled into a half-cell, which was charged for the first time at a given current, and then the charge-discharge cycle was carried out. The cathode current density of the half-cell was 1.0 mA / cm2; 1mAh.

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Abstract

The invention discloses a lithium metal battery negative electrode dendrite inhibitor, and belongs to the field of lithium metal battery negative electrode dendrite inhibition growth. The inhibitor isa fluorine and nitrile co-substituted benzene inhibitor, and the inhibitor can reduce the growth of "lithium dendrite" and the formation of "dead lithium" in an electrolyte. The inhibitor of the invention is a fluorine and nitrile co-substituted benzene compound, an electrolyte additive containing different concentrations of inhibitors is used for assembling into a half battery, a uniform and stable SEI protective film rich in LiF can be formed during charging in the circulation process, crack does not occur easily in the circulation process, and the generation of dendrites is inhibited to acertain extent; and the lithium metal electrode battery treated according to the inhibitor has a significant improvement in charging and discharging cycle times under a certain current charging and discharging condition.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of inhibiting the growth of dendrites at negative poles of lithium metal batteries, and in particular relates to a dendrite inhibitor at negative poles of lithium metal batteries. Background technique [0002] With the rapid development and application of portable charging and discharging equipment, metal lithium, as the lightest metal in nature, is widely used in various batteries such as lithium-ion batteries, lithium metal batteries, lithium-air batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, etc. Due to its outstanding safety performance, lithium-ion batteries have been rapidly developed and recognized by the market in recent years. However, the capacity density of lithium-ion batteries is relatively low compared with lithium metal batteries that directly use metal lithium as the negative electrode, and it is difficult to meet the growing market demands. Large capacity needs. The application of lithium metal batteries with ...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M10/0567H01M10/052H01M10/058H01M10/42H01M12/08
CPCH01M10/0567H01M10/052H01M10/058H01M10/4235H01M12/08Y02E60/10Y02P70/50
Inventor 黄现礼庄冬梅何建平王涛
Owner NANJING UNIV OF AERONAUTICS & ASTRONAUTICS
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