Low pressure hydrocracking process for production of high yield of middle distillates from high boiling hydrocarbon feedstock
A technology for middle distillate and hydrocarbon raw materials, which is applied in chemical instruments and methods, hydrocarbon oil cracking, molecular sieve catalysts, etc., and can solve problems such as secondary cracking
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[0063] Catalyst Preparation and Activation
[0064]The size and shape of the zeolite support can be those normally used in industrial scale hydrocracking. These are usually cylindrical, three-lobe, quadru-lobe, or spherical and range in size from 1 / 10 inch (2.54×10 -3 m) to 1 / 20 inch (1.27×10 -3 m). To produce extrudates with the desired abrasion resistance, zeolites are typically mixed with small amounts of alumina binders and peptizers. In the laboratory-scale experiments of the present invention, mechanical abrasion was not an issue, and extrudates or pellets from compressed powders were interchangeable. The pellets or extrudates are of the same size as those used in industrial scale reactors. In one example, H-MFI-90 zeolite powder (Clariant, formerly Südchemie, commercial sample) was extruded into cylindrical pellets with dimensions 1.25 x 3-4 mm. In another example, HY zeolite (CBV760, Zeolyst commercial sample) powder was squeezed into about 1 g of zeolite powder...
Embodiment 1
[0103] Example 1: Effect of increased gas flow rate and lower space velocity on hydrocracking of waxes over Pt / MFI to form middle distillates at 20 bar
[0104] figure 1 shows LHSV 1.0h -1 (1g catalyst), in H 2 / wax=10,000 v / v (200mL / min H 2 ), at 235°C-265°C, and at H 2 / wax=1,000 v / v (20mL / min H 2 ), 245°C-275°C, the effect of hydrogen partial pressure on the hydrocracking of waxy feeds to form middle distillates at 20 bar on Pt / MFI with 2 wt.% Pt. At high gas flow rates (H 2 / wax=10,000 volume / volume), change the space velocity from LHSV 1.0h -1 reduced to 0.1h -1 results in figure 1 It was confirmed in the results that the temperature is lower: between 205°C and 223°C.
[0105] Typical industrial process conditions for wax hydrocracking over amorphous silica-alumina catalysts include: pressures of 35 bar and higher, temperatures of at least 350 °C, and liquid hourly space velocity of 1.0 h -1 and H 2 / Raw material volume ratio is 1,000m 3 / m 3 . from figure...
Embodiment 2
[0108] Example 2: Hydrocracking over Pt / MFI at 20 bar and atmospheric pressure (dry and wet)
[0109] figure 2 Shown are the results of hydrocracking to form middle distillates over a Pt / MFI catalyst containing 2 wt.% Pt. The experiment is at 0.1h -1 Under the liquid hourly space velocity (LHSV), and use 20g catalyst, 200mL / min H 2 , 0.02mL / min wax feed (H 2 / wax=10,000 v / v) and 0.02 mL / min of H 2 O is used for wet experiments. The temperature range is 205°C-225°C (dry) at 20 bar, 215°C-240°C (wet) at 20 bar; and the temperature range is 200°C-215°C (dry and wet) at 1 bar.
[0110] from figure 2 It can be seen that the middle distillate selectivity increases significantly at all conversions after the introduction of water in the 20 bar hydrocracking experiments. Without wishing to be bound by theory, it is believed that this can be explained by competitive adsorption of water. However, the selectivity is still too low for industrial-scale hydrocracking.
[0111]High...
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