Method and apparatus for communication efficient private information retrieval and oblivious transfer

a technology of private information and oblivious transfer, applied in the field of cryptography, can solve the problems of a complete impracticality for even a moderately-sized database, the type of scheme does not satisfy the need for maintaining database privacy, and the gap between the cachin-micali-stadler scheme and the other sid

Inactive Publication Date: 2009-07-30
GOOGLE LLC
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Problems solved by technology

However, for privacy reasons, Alice does not want Bob to know what items she is querying in the database.
Of course, this solution is completely impractical for even a moderately-sized database.
Additionally, this type of scheme does not satisfy the need for maintaining database privacy.
Under the assumption that k=mc for some constant c, the resulting scheme achieves communication complexity
However, there is ...

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  • Method and apparatus for communication efficient private information retrieval and oblivious transfer
  • Method and apparatus for communication efficient private information retrieval and oblivious transfer
  • Method and apparatus for communication efficient private information retrieval and oblivious transfer

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Embodiment Construction

[0030]Private information retrieval techniques are described herein. These techniques include secure private information retrieval techniques. Embodiments of the present invention include schemes for secure private information retrieval that are efficient with respect to the computation requirements of the querying party and the database owner as well as the bandwidth requirements of the channels over which these parties communicate. In one embodiment, a user can make queries to a database in such a manner that the user obtains the correct answer to the query without allowing the database owner to determine which query was requested. In another embodiment, the database owner can ensure that the user cannot learn more information than a database might be willing to let it. These embodiments include schemes for which that communication is, in total, logarithmic in the size of the database. That is, the communication complexity is O(log2m), which falls between total communication compl...

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Abstract

A method, article of manufacture and apparatus for performing private retrieval of information from a database is disclosed. In one embodiment, the method comprising obtaining an index corresponding to information to be retrieved from the database and generating a query that does not reveal the index to the database. The query is an arithmetic function of the index and a secret value, wherein the arithmetic function includes a multiplication group specified by a modulus of a random value whose order is divisible by a prime power, such that the prime power is an order of the random value. The secret value is an arithmetic function of the index that comprises a factorization into prime numbers of the modulus. The method further comprises communicating the query to the database for execution of the arithmetic function against the entirety of the database.

Description

PRIORITY[0001]This is a divisional of application Ser. No. 11 / 133,836, filed on May 19, 2005, entitled “Method And Apparatus For Communication Efficient Private Information Retrieval And Oblivious Transfer,” and assigned to the corporate assignee of the present invention and incorporated herein by reference.FIELD OF THE INVENTION[0002]This invention relates in general to cryptography and in particular to the problems of private information retrieval and oblivious transfer.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION[0003]Consider, the following scenario with two fictitious parties Alice and Bob. A party Bob owns a database D consisting of m data elements. A user Alice wishes to access this database, and establishes an agreement with Bob whereby she can achieve such access. However, for privacy reasons, Alice does not want Bob to know what items she is querying in the database. Naturally, one can imagine a number of scenarios in which database privacy is desired.[0004]The problem area to address the ...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): G06F17/30
CPCG06F7/723H04L2209/50H04L2209/12H04L9/3013
Inventor RAMZAN, ZULFIKAR AMINGENTRY, CRAIG B.
Owner GOOGLE LLC
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