Solvents and novel electrolytic compositions having a large range of stability and high conductivity

a technology of solvents and compositions, applied in the direction of non-aqueous electrolyte cells, non-metal conductors, electrochemical generators, etc., can solve problems such as serious safety problems, and achieve the effect of high stability

Inactive Publication Date: 2010-05-06
ACEP +2
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

The stability of these products towards highly negative potentials, close to those of alkaline metals, or highly positive (≧4V with respect to Li+ / Li°, are not satisfactory, and lithium batteries containing electrolytes obtained from the dissolution of a lithium salt in these solvents create serious safety problems.
The proposed use of these products in capacitors implies that the materials are not conductive and that the impurities and inevitable contaminants, particularly ionic products, are not inducing significant conductivity.

Method used

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  • Solvents and novel electrolytic compositions having a large range of stability and high conductivity
  • Solvents and novel electrolytic compositions having a large range of stability and high conductivity

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

example 1

[0026]Trifluoroethanol (18.2 mL, 25 mml) dissolved in 100 mL of ether are added to 7 g of sodium hydride. When no more hydrogen gas evolves, the solution is centrifuged and the supernatant clear liquid is added at 0° C. to 35 μg (25 mml) of dimethysulfamoyl chloride dissolved in 100 mL of dry ether under stirring. A white precipitate of NaCl forms and the reaction is completed in two hours. The slurry is filtered and the ether stripped in a rotary evaporator. The residue is diluted with 50 ml of dichloromethane and washed with 10% HCl in water. The organic layer is separated, dried with anhydrous magnesium sulfate. The corresponding trifluoethyl-N,N dimethylsulfamate is distilled under reduced pressure. RMN: 19F: triplet δ=74.7 ppm, JHF=8.1 Hz; 1H: quartet δ=4.66 (2H), singlet δ=3.6 (6H). The conductivity of the lithium salts of the bis(trifluoromethanesulfonimide) (CF3SO2)2NLi in solution in this solvent is provided in Table 1 with respect to several concentrations.

TABLE 1molality ...

example 2

[0028]107.4 mL of dimethylsulfamoyl chloride are heated under reflux and nitrogen atmosphere with 70 g of potassium fluoride and 10 mL of water. The mixture is cooled and extracted with dichloromethane, dried with magnesium sulphate, and distilled. The compound obtained, (CH3)2NSO2F, has a dielectric constant greater than 30. The range of stability, as determined by cyclic voltametry, is 5 V vs. Li+ / Li°. The lithium salt of the fluorosulfonimide (FSO2)2NLi is soluble in this medium, and its conductivity at 25° C. is greater than 1 mScm−1 for concentrations between 0.5 and 1 mole.kg−1.

example 3

[0029]1.6 g of sodium hydride are added to 6.3 mL of 1,1,1,-3,3,3,-hexafluoropropanol dissolved in 25 ml of anhydrous ether. When no more hydrogen gas evolves, the solution is centrifuged, and 8.6 μg (60 mml) of dimethylsulfamoyl chloride dissolved in 25 mL of dry ether are added to the supernatant liquid under agitation at a temperature of 0° C. A white precipitate of sodium chloride is then formed et the reaction is completed after 2 hours. The slurry is filtered and the ether is evaporated with a rotary evaporator. The residue is placed in 20 mL of dichloromethane and washed with an aqueous solution of 10% hydrochloric acid. The organic phase is separated and dried with anhydrous magnesium sulphate. The hexafluoropropyl N,N-dimethylsulfamate is obtained by evaporating the dichloromethane and distilled under reduced pressure. The compound has a dielectric constant greater than 20, and the conductivity of solutions of salts of bis(trifluoromethanesulfonimide) (NC2H5)4(CF3SO2)2N in ...

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Abstract

The present invention is concerned with novel polar solvents and novel electrolytic compositions comprising such solvents, and having a high range of stability, as required for applications in the field of electrochemistry. The present solvents have a highly polar amide function, and preferably combine with a salt soluble in the solvent and having an anion with a delocalized charge, and at least one polymer, to form an electrolytic composition.

Description

FIELD OF INVENTION[0001]The invention concerns new polar solvents and new electrolytic compositions comprising the same, and having a large range of stability, as required for applications in the field of electrochemistry.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION[0002]Polar aprotic solvents such as cyclic or linear carbonates, or ethers used alone or in mixtures, are known in various electrolytic compositions. The stability of these products towards highly negative potentials, close to those of alkaline metals, or highly positive (≧4V with respect to Li+ / Li°, are not satisfactory, and lithium batteries containing electrolytes obtained from the dissolution of a lithium salt in these solvents create serious safety problems. Products of the amide type, whether linear or cyclic, such as dimethylformamide or N-methylpyrrolidinone, possess excellent properties as solvents, but are oxidized at potentials that are still lower, in the order of 3.7 V with respect to Li+ / Li°.[0003]Numerous materials of posi...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & AuthorityApplications(United States)
IPC IPC(8): H01G9/022H01M6/16H01M6/14C07C301/00C07C311/48C07C381/10H01B1/12H01G9/025H01M6/18H01M10/052H01M10/0564H01M10/0565H01M10/0568H01M10/0569H01M10/36
CPCC07C311/48C07C381/10H01G9/038H01G11/56H01M6/164H01M6/181H01M10/052H01M10/0564H01M10/0565H01M10/0568H01M10/0569H01M2300/0085Y02E60/13H01G11/62
InventorMICHOT, CHRISTOPHEBROUILLETTE, DANYBARIL, DANIELBERGERON, JEAN-YVESARMAND, MICHEL
OwnerACEP