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This invention belongs to the field of oil and gas field development technology and discloses a temperature-pH dual-responsive smart fracturing proppant and its preparation method. The proppant adopts a three-layer core-shell structure, including a high-strength ceramic or quartz sand core, a polyvinyl alcohol crosslinking transition layer reinforced with nano-silica, and a poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-acrylic acid) copolymer smart response layer. In the low-temperature proppant carrying stage, the smart response layer hydrates and swells to form a gel layer, giving the proppant excellent suspension performance and friction reduction ability, realizing water fracturing. In the high-temperature reservoir environment, the phase transformation of the temperature-sensitive segment and the protonation of the pH-sensitive segment cause the smart response layer to shrink and detach rapidly, realizing autonomous gel breaking and aiding in fracturing. The nano-reinforced transition layer significantly improves the anti-fracture performance, reducing the fracture rate to 6% to 11% and increasing the long-term conductivity by 35% to 58%.