Membrane electrode assembly and fuel cell system with surface modified electrocatalyst and method for surface modification of electrocatalyst
A membrane electrode assembly, fuel cell technology, applied in solid electrolyte fuel cells, fuel cells, electrical components and other directions, can solve problems such as difficulties
Active Publication Date: 2016-06-08
GM GLOBAL TECH OPERATIONS LLC
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Achieving both goals simultaneously is particularly difficult when the platinum loading is low
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[0069] Performance losses in current density have been noted to be encountered in automotive fuel cell applications, especially for electrodes with low platinum loadings. One possible reason for this performance loss is surface contamination due to adsorption of bystander species. According to embodiments herein, one approach to promoting redox reactions (ORR) involves placing adsorbates on the catalyst surface that prevent bystander ion adsorption while providing sufficient numbers of available catalyst centers to facilitate oxygen reduction. For example, cyanide species (CN - ) can be particularly effective for forming an adsorption layer on a platinum surface that is both stable and inert. Therefore, the adsorption of large anions such as sulfate or phosphate, which lead to a decrease in reversibility, can be prevented while promoting the O 2 The electrochemical reduction, because CN - Adsorption layer on Pt-O 2 or the energetics of the Pt-intermediate binding are not a...
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Abstract
A fuel cell assembly comprising a membrane electrode assembly, a method for preparing the membrane electrode assembly, and a method for functionalizing the catalyst surface of cathode catalyst particles in the membrane electrode assembly of the fuel cell assembly are described. Fuel cell assemblies and their membrane electrode assemblies contain cathode catalyst materials having catalyst surfaces that are functionalized with cyano groups to enhance catalyst activity. The cathode catalyst material may include a catalyst metal such as platinum or a platinum alloy. The cyano group can be derived from a cyanide source that is electrooxidized onto the catalyst surface. Non-limiting examples of cyanide sources include amino acids such as glycine, alanine or serine. The cyano group can increase the activity of the catalyst for redox reactions in hydrogen fuel cells by preventing the adsorption of pollutants such as sulfate or sulfonate on the catalyst surface while allowing oxygen molecules to reach the catalyst surface.
Description
[0001] Cross References to Related Applications [0002] This application claims priority under 35 U.S.C. §119(e) to U.S. Provisional Application 61 / 617071, filed March 29, 2012, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. technical field [0003] The present invention relates generally to fuel cell catalysts, and more particularly to membrane electrode assemblies and fuel cell systems comprising surface-modified electrocatalysts, and to methods for modifying the surface of the electrocatalysts. Background technique [0004] Fuel cells convert fuel into usable electricity through electrochemical reactions. A significant advantage of such a means of energy generation is that its realization does not rely on combustion as an intermediate step. As such, fuel cells have several environmental advantages over internal combustion engines and related power generation sources. In PEM fuel cells, which may include proton exchange membranes or polymer electroly...
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IPC IPC(8): H01M8/10H01M4/86H01M4/88H01M4/90H01M4/92
CPCH01M4/8657H01M4/8878H01M4/9008H01M4/923H01M8/1007Y02E60/50H01M8/0662H01M8/10
Inventor J·张R·马哈里亚J·E·奥维简
Owner GM GLOBAL TECH OPERATIONS LLC