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Method for composting corn straw field in-situ earth surface strips

A corn stalk and field technology, applied in organic fertilizers, fertilization devices, applications, etc., can solve the problems of heavy composting workload, affecting the growth of the next stubble, and occupying a large space, so as to achieve improved physical and chemical properties, low cost, The effect of efficient processing

Inactive Publication Date: 2018-06-01
JILIN AGRICULTURAL UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] Since crop straw is rich in carbon-rich substances such as cellulose and lignin, as well as various nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, it is beneficial to increase soil organic matter and increase soil fertility after returning to the field. Medium conversion is a complex biochemical process. Directly returning crop straw to the field to cover the decomposition process is slow, which affects the growth of the next crop. However, taking out the compost rot requires a lot of work and takes up a lot of space, which is time-consuming and laborious. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a A new method of returning crop straw to the field improves the recycling rate, reduces the difficulty of returning to the field, and ensures the fertility of the field

Method used

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  • Method for composting corn straw field in-situ earth surface strips
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  • Method for composting corn straw field in-situ earth surface strips

Examples

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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0027] A method for composting strips of corn stalks in situ in the field, the steps are as follows:

[0028] 1) Use a corn combine harvester with a straw crushing and returning machine or a special straw crushing and returning machine to crush the corn stalks to cover the ground, and the length of the straw is less than 10cm;

[0029] 2) Use a special separation processor to separate the broken straw covered on the sowing belt of the next stubble crop to both sides, and clean out the bare belt to be sown without straw coverage. The width to be sown is 60±5cm, and two adjacent There is a 30-60cm wide strip straw covering belt between the sowing belts;

[0030] 3) Suppress the middle part of the straw-covered belt to form a ditch with a width of 15±2cm, apply rot material to the ditch of the rot belt, adjust the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the rot material to 20:1-30:1, and then Fill the straw at the edge of the straw covering belt on the ditch of the heap rot belt to form a stri...

Embodiment 2

[0034] A method for composting strips of corn stalks in situ in the field, the steps are as follows:

[0035] 1) Use a corn combine harvester with a straw crushing and returning machine or a special straw crushing and returning machine to crush the corn stalks to cover the ground, and the length of the straw is less than 10cm;

[0036] 2) Use a special separation processor for agriculture to separate the broken straw covered on the sowing belt of the next stubble crop to both sides, and clean out the bare belt to be sown without straw coverage. The width to be sown is 60±5cm, and two adjacent There is a 30-60cm wide strip straw covering belt between the belts to be sown;

[0037] 3) Suppress the middle part of the straw covering belt to form a ditch with a width of 15±2cm, and apply rot material to the ditch of the rot belt. The rot material is powdery or granular solid livestock manure, and the application amount is 5- 20 tons / ha, adjust the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the comp...

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Abstract

The invention provides a method for composting corn straw field in-situ earth surface strips. The method comprises the steps of firstly, crushing corn straw and covering the earth surface with the crushed corn straw; then, pushing the crushed corn straw, covering on seeding belts of next-stubble crops, to the two sides, cleaning bare to-be seeded belts which are not covered by the corn straw, andarranging a strip-shaped straw covering belt with width of 30-60cm between the every two adjacent to-be-seeded belts; pressing the middle parts of the covering belts to form composting belt trenches,applying a composting material to the composting belt trenches, and adjusting the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the composted material to (20 to 1)-(30 to 1); then, filling the composting belt trenches with part of the straw so as to form strip-shaped composting belts; using a strip tillage and stubble cleaning machine to perform shallow ploughing operation treatment, and covering the strip-shaped composting belts with surface soil; pressing the strip-shaped composting belts to obtain the corn straw field in-situ earth surface decomposing belts. The method provided by the invention can realize total crop return of the corn straw, cooperatively uses livestock breeding wastes, is high in cyclic utilization rate, effectively improves field fertility, reduces the applying quantity of chemical fertilizer and is convenient and fast in whole operation, thus being worth popularizing.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural waste treatment, in particular to a method for composting strips of corn stalks in situ on the surface of the field. Background technique [0002] Over the past few years, the agricultural utilization of crop stalks has been paid attention to in varying degrees in agricultural production all over the country. Farmland straw is an important biological resource in the crop production system, and returning straw to the field is a very important agronomic measure. A large number of studies have shown that after straw mulching, soil water, fertilizer, air, heat and other conditions are recombined, which is one of the effective measures and ways for sustainable agricultural development. Under the comprehensive influence of factors such as soil, environment, and the properties of straw itself, its transformation rate is limited by the level of soil biological activity on the one hand, and on the ot...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): C05F15/00
CPCC05F3/00C05F11/00C05F11/08
Inventor 吴景贵范围李建明赵欣宇孙玲刘文利
Owner JILIN AGRICULTURAL UNIV
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