[0027] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and the following embodiments. It should be understood that the following embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.
[0028] In view of the various deficiencies in the desalination process of Chinese relics in the prior art, especially large and immovable cultural relics, the present invention provides a cultural relic that reduces the source of the soluble salt solution of cultural relics, and is mainly the soluble salt content in the water quality of buried sites. The desalination well mainly includes an internal unit and an external unit; the internal unit includes a shell and a salt solution migration channel located in the shell; the external unit includes a crystallization tank connected to the salt solution migration channel; the salt The solution migration channel and the inside of the crystallization box are both filled with materials with water absorption properties.
[0029] figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the distribution of desalination wells for on-site protection of cultural relics and reduction or even removal of soluble salt content of cultural relics according to an embodiment of the present invention. Such as figure 1 As shown, the desalination wells 2 are distributed around the site of the immovable cultural relic 1, in a location with strong wind and high water level, which facilitates the adsorption, rapid precipitation and crystallization of soluble salt. The desalination wells are all distributed around the immovable cultural relic sites, and their closeness can be determined according to the topography and geological characteristics of the site.
[0030] figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a cultural relic desalination well according to an embodiment of the present invention. Such as figure 2 As shown, the cultural relic desalination well 2 mainly includes an internal unit and an external unit. The internal unit includes a shell 3 and a salt solution migration channel 7 located in the shell 3. The shell 3 can be made of corrosion-resistant, aging-resistant, and high-strength materials, or ceramic cast carbon fiber materials.
[0031] Still like figure 2 As shown, the shell 3 can be provided with an upper limit water level 4, the part 5 of the shell below the upper limit water level adopts a porous structure, which can help to protect the continuous groundwater; the part 6 of the shell above the upper limit water level adopts a non-porous structure, which can be Prevent site soil from entering the interior of the desalination well. In addition, the position of the upper limit water level 4 of the shell 3 can be changed according to the change of the ground water level of the site where the cultural relics are located.
[0032] In addition, the salt solution migration channel 7 of the internal unit of the desalination well can be filled with a porous material with super water absorption performance, which can ensure that the groundwater of the site can slowly rise to the surface of the crystallization box outside the desalination well by capillary action. The porous material can be, for example, a roll of super absorbent carbon fiber cloth. Such as figure 2 As shown, the salt solution migration channel 7 may be provided with multiple channels. Each salt solution migration channel 7 may be formed in a tubular shape, for example, and filled with a porous material with super water absorption performance.
[0033] Still like figure 2 As shown, the box body of the crystallization box 8 outside the desalination well has the characteristics of a plate-layer structure, porosity, large surface area, etc., and ceramic materials can be selected. In addition, the interior 9 of the crystallization box body is composed of multiple layers of porous ceramic materials. The plates are filled with a porous material with super water absorption performance. The porous material can be, for example, a high-absorbent carbon fiber cloth roll.
[0034] The external crystallization tank 8 of the desalination well, when the groundwater of the site slowly rises to the surface of the external crystallization tank of the desalination well through the capillary action of the porous material inside the desalination well, the salt solution can be kept in the box under the conditions of external atmospheric wind and temperature. The surface (that is, porous ceramic plates) and the carrier (that is, the porous material with super water absorption performance) accumulate crystal growth. In addition, the crystallization box 8 can be mechanically connected to the salt solution migration channel 7.
[0035] The external crystallization box of the desalination well can be regularly removed and cleaned to prevent the accumulation of salt crystals from affecting the desalination effect. The various parts of the desalination well can be disassembled and replaced, and can also be recycled. The accumulated salt crystals can be dissolved in water and used again.
[0036] Using the cultural relic desalination well of the present invention, the specific operation steps include:
[0037] After geological exploration, the salt well was drilled at a location where the groundwater level difference is small around the cultural relic site. The shell of the inner unit of the desalination well is used to fix the strength of the entire desalination well (after drilling the well, the internal unit of the desalination well is located underground, and the external unit Out of the ground);
[0038] Place super absorbent materials evenly in the internal unit of the desalination well;
[0039] When the groundwater in the desalination well flows out, the groundwater containing soluble salt will rise to the salt crystallization tank outside the desalination well by capillary action along the super absorbent material in the internal unit of the desalination well.
[0040] Due to changes in wind and temperature in the atmospheric environment, the soluble salt solution in the external crystallization tank of the desalination well is constantly crystallized and precipitated. After a certain content is accumulated, the external crystallization tank of the desalination well is replaced with a new crystallization-replacement, and the cycle is repeated. The replaced external crystallization box of the desalination well uses water to dissolve the accumulated salt crystals and then they are dried and can be reused.
[0041] The non-destructive technical method of the present invention can reduce or even remove the soluble salt concentration contained in the immovable cultural relics connected with groundwater, thereby reducing the migration of soluble salt solution into the cultural relics, the accumulation of crystals on the surface of the cultural relics, and causing the surface of the cultural relics to crisp powder and herpes This technical method can solve the root cause of the damage caused by salt solution crystallization-dissolution on the surface of cultural relics, especially large, immovable stone, earthen ruins and murals and other cultural relics.
[0042] Industrial applicability:
[0043] The present invention provides a technical method for reducing the content of the soluble salt solution source where the cultural relics are located, mainly the soluble salt content in the water quality of the buried ruins. The non-destructive technology for the cultural relics can solve the salt solution crystallization-dissolution from the root cause Damage to the surface of cultural relics, especially large, immovable stone, earthen ruins and murals and other cultural relics. The operation is simple and reliable in the implementation process.
