Microplastic detection device and method based on pyrolysis-mass spectrometry technology

Abstract

The invention relates to a microplastic detection device and method based on a pyrolysis-mass spectrometry technology, aiming to solve the technical problem that a microplastic content research devicein the prior art is complex in structure and inconvenient to operate, cannot accurately perform quantitative analysis on components in microplastics, is easily disturbed by the environment, has largeerrors and low accuracy, wastes time and labor, has a large instrument occupancy area, can only be operated in labs, and is difficult to be applied to on-site detection. According to the microplasticdetection device based on the pyrolysis-mass spectrometry technology provided by the invention, the whole device is a closed gas path device system connected by pipelines, and the devices are sequentially connected, including a working gas source, a pyrolysis device, a filter and a mass spectrometer; after a microplastic sample is put into the pyrolysis device, the pyrolysis device performs pyrolysis on the microplastic sample, and pyrolysis products of the microplastic sample are driven by working carrier gas and filtered by the filter to enter the mass spectrometer for detection and analysis; and the invention also provides a microplastic detection method thereof. The scheme of the invention is widely applied to the technical field of microplastic detection.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of microplastic detection, in particular to a microplastic detection device and method based on pyrolysis-mass spectrometry technology. Background technique [0002] Plastic is the most common organic synthetic polymer material in daily life. It is widely used because of its low price, light weight, convenient use and many other advantages. According to statistics, in 2013, the global consumption of plastic products was as high as 300 million tons. In 2016, Greenpeace reported that about 200kg of plastics entered the ocean every second, and the use of plastics is still growing. About 10% of the plastic waste will enter the ocean. , the remaining plastic waste pollutes the terrestrial environment through recycling, incineration, landfill, and discarding. Plastic waste accumulates continuously in the environment, and its chemical properties are relatively stable. Most plastics are difficult to degrade and wil...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

For emerging pollutants, the detection and analysis technology of microplastics is still immature, and there is a lack of rapid and simultaneous qualitative and quantitative methods, which is also one of the important topics of microplastics research.

At present, the qualitative detection of microplastics mainly relies on three methods: Raman spectroscopy, Fourier-infrared spectroscopy, and pyrolysis-gas phase mass spectrometry. Due to the size limitation of the target object, the spectral method generally requires more than 10um and is susceptible to environmental interference. At present, The quantitative method mainly relies on microscopes and other tools for manual counting, which has large errors, low accuracy and is time-consuming and laborious.

The Chinese patent application number is 201610045344.3, and the patent application document published on June 15, 2016 discloses a method for quantitatively analyzing the enrichment and distribution of microplastics in mammals. The method of quantitatively analyzing the accumulation and distribution of microplastics in mammals belongs to the field of environmental health risk assessment. The steps are cumbersome and complicated, and there are many interference factors. The detection data results have large errors, low accuracy rate, and time-consuming and laborious

[0006] Moreover, the current research on the health risks of the combined effects of microplastics and environmental pollutants is mostly focused on the assessment of terminal toxicity, and seldom evaluates the content of organic pollutants adsorbed on microplastics. The knowledge is still only at the level of the toxicity of microplastics themselves, so there is no systematic quantitative analysis of the amount of pollutants absorbed by microplastics into the organism, let alone the abundance of microplastics in the main organs of mammals. collection and distribution, which brings many uncertainties to the toxicity assessment of the combined effects of microplastics and pollutants in the later stage

Moreover, the existing quantitative detection instruments are bulky, high power consumption, and expensive, and can only be operated in the laboratory, which is difficult to apply to ship-mounted, vehicle-mounted and on-site detection, which limits the investigation and research of microplastics

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