The invention discloses a preparation method and detection method of a fluorescence sensor for an aflatoxin toxin production gene nor-1. The fluorescence sensor is a long-arm hairpin probe based on specific recognition of the aflatoxin toxin production gene nor-1; and the two ends of the long-arm hairpin probe are provided with NH2 and SH correspondingly, a CdTe/CdS quantum dot of an upper core-shell structure is modified by the NH2, and upper gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are modified by the SH. The preparation method comprises the steps: a CdTe/CdS quantum dot solution is prepared for standby application; the AuNPs are prepared for standby application; and the long-arm hairpin probe is modified. Detection comprises construction of the fluorescence sensor, when the target nor-1 appears, thenor-1 and the hairpin probe are subjected to specific complementary pairing, the hairpin probe is straightened, the distance between the CdTe/CdS quantum dot and the AuNPs is enlarged, transferring offluorescent resonance energy is blocked, thus fluorescence of the CdTe/CdS quantum dot is recovered, the concentration of the nor-1 is tested through the fluorescence recovery intensity, and thus thenor-1 is quickly detected. The prepared fluorescence sensor has the advantages that flexibility, simpleness, quickness and the like are achieved, the toxin production gene is detected from the source, the cost is low, and detection is quick.