A remote sensing-based method for extracting forest grass vegetation information in a loess plateau water and soil loss area

Abstract

The invention provides a method for extracting forest grass vegetation information in a loess plateau water and soil loss area based on remote sensing. The method comprises the steps of S1, extractingland utilization data of a water and soil loss area in different periods; S2, extracting terraced field data and soil-rock mountain area data in different periods of the water and soil loss area; S3,extracting normalized vegetation index data of the water and soil loss area in different periods; S4, data of cultivated land, terraces, town villages, river lands, water areas and earth-rock mountainous areas are removed, and the spatial positions and areas of forest and grassland in different periods are obtained; S5, acquiring vegetation coverage of the forest grassland in the water and soil loss areas in different periods; And S6, verifying the obtained forest grass vegetation coverage data. According to the method, the problem of repetition of terraced fields and forest grass vegetationis avoided without depending on statistical data; Compared with previous vegetation coverage grading, the grading is finer; Information such as earth-rock mountains, town village lands, river lands and water areas which have little influence on water and soil loss is stripped. Forest grass vegetation information in a loess plateau water and soil loss area is accurately obtained, and the importanteffects of water reduction and sand reduction of forest grass vegetation in different periods can be scientifically evaluated.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental remote sensing, and relates to a technology for collecting and processing forest and grass vegetation information on the Loess Plateau, in particular to a method for extracting forest and grass vegetation information in soil and water loss areas on the Loess Plateau based on remote sensing. Background technique [0002] The topography of the Loess Plateau is complex, the topography is broken, and the soil erosion is serious, which is directly related to the change of water and sediment in the Yellow River Basin. Vegetation is an important factor affecting watershed hydrological processes and soil erosion. On the one hand, soil infiltration and surface runoff are affected by changes in surface cover type and coverage, thereby affecting the regional hydrological cycle; on the other hand, changes in vegetation can also affect soil erosion and sediment transport in watersheds. Therefore, vegeta...

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Problems solved by technology

[0006] However, in general, the application of the above-mentioned forest and grass vegetation information based on satellite remote sensing data to the analysis of soil and water loss in the Loess Plateau still has several shortcomings: First, the results of vegetation coverage extracted based on remote sensing technology do not exclude the crops on the cultivated land , and the area information of forest and grassland cannot be obtained

The second is the forest and grass vegetation information in the land use data obtained by remote sensing. Although the forest and grassland areas of different coverage levels are included, the vegetation coverage is only high, medium, and low. The coverage classification is too extensive to meet the requirements of loess. The need for the analysis of plateau soil erosion and the change of water and sediment in the Yellow River

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