118 results about "Loess plateau" patented technology

The invention relates to a rain collection self-pressure irrigation system for loess plateau hilly area step greenhouses, which comprises greenhouses, ground water collection surfaces, water collection flow gathering ditches, water reservoirs and irrigation pipelines, wherein the greenhouses are arranged on the steps of a terraced field, the ground water collection surfaces, the water collection flow gathering ditches, the water reservoirs and the irrigation pipelines are arranged on the steps, the greenhouses comprise greenhouse ceiling water collection surfaces, the water collection flow gathering ditches are arranged along the lower edges of the greenhouse ceiling water collection surfaces, the ground water collection surfaces are in inclined arrangement, the lower sides of the ground water collection surfaces are connected with the collection flow gathering ditches, one sides or two sides of the water collection flow gathering ditches are provided with the water reservoirs, and the irrigation pipelines are arranged in the greenhouses and are connected with the water reservoirs of the previous steps through main pipelines. The greenhouses are built on the terraced field, the collected rain at the previous step of the terraced field is used for irrigating the greenhouse on the next step of the terraced field, the rain resources are sufficiently and reasonably developed and utilized for developing the facility agriculture, and the ecological system is prompted to be converted to the benign circulation.

The invention relates to an annual erosion sediment yield model calculation method of a mesoscale drainage basin of the loess plateau. The method includes the concrete steps that the drainage basin is divided into a plurality of units, and each unit approximately represents one slope surface; through the slope surface soil erosion test observation and research result and knowledge, relations between all factors and the erosion amount, namely unit models, are established based on slope surface soil erosion test observation data; the erosion amount of each unit is calculated through the unit models; with a spatial analysis and spatial statistical method, the overall conditions of soil erosion of the drainage basin are evaluated and analyzed through clustering operation. According to the method, the GIS spatial analysis function is fully utilized, the output results of the method can give out the erosion intensities of all portions in the drainage basin, and thus not only can the requirements of channel water conservancy engineering design be met, but also the demand for arrangement and planning of water and soil conservation measures can be met.

The present invention relates to a method for optimizing the topography and the geomorphology of a dump in a large opencast coal mine in the loess area. The method comprises: "soft base removal", "base gully filling", "smooth base blasting treatment", "base piling for skid resistance", "fan-shaped disposal and layered compaction", and other steps. According to the method provided by the present invention, based on the simulation of the original "plateau" geomorphology millions years ago in the loess plateau, the artificial landmine terraces mode of the traditional sloping land in the water and soil erosion area in the Loess Plateau are changed; and relying on the convenient conditions of the mining and moving soil, the large-scale earthwork is used to deploy and form the basin geomorphology to co-ordinate the hydrological topography, and micro-topography modification is used to reduce the generation of the surface runoff, so that under the premise of ensuring the stability of the dump, the geomorphology of the dump in the large opencast coal mine in the loess area is restored to the "plateau" geomorphology, and the foundation is provided for the restoration of ecosystems and biological diversity.

The invention relates to a natural repairing and recovering method of deteriorated grassland in the loess plateau, and belongs to the technical field of recovering methods of the deteriorated grassland. The method is based on forbidden recovering and supplemented by the manual control and manual interference measures, namely cement stand columns, chain line fences and other forbidden facilities are arranged to completely forbid the original areas where grassland vegetation is destroyed and degraded seriously or agriculture and forestry can not be operated and forage grass can grow, human and animal interference can be controlled strictly, and chance and time for living and multiplying of grassland are given. The method can improve the converge degree of deteriorated grassland vegetation by 50-75% and the biomass of the grassland vegetation by 50-80%, the diversity of species is richer and richer, the number of grassland vegetation and species is increased to 313 from 68 before the forbidding, the grassland quality is improved, and in the plant structure of the recovered grassland community, the grass family and feverfew plants account for 26.8%, the beam or pea family plants account for 8.3%, and the other plants accounting for 64.9% are included in the 33 families. The ecological economy and social benefits of the grassland are significant, and the grassland becomes the demonstration model of the loess plateau.

The invention relates to a water-saving dried area fruit tree irrigating device and a using method thereof. Water infiltration is the main reason for causing waste of the irrigation of the loess plateau, and inter-row grass growing has the defects of rich water competition and easy disease and insect parasitism. The action of covering films in fields for preventing water from infiltrating is not obvious, and plastic films can cause the environmental pollution. The water-saving dried area fruit tree irrigating device adopts the technical scheme that a water holding film is provided with breather holes, a separating zipper and drip pipe holes; a water seepage plate consists of drip pipe interfaces, an anti-clogging clamp plate and a water groove, and the water groove is provided with water guide holes; and the water seepage plate is arranged in the water holding film, and the drip pipe interfaces of the water seepage plate are connected with an irrigating pipe. When the water-saving dried area fruit tree irrigating device is used, the water holding film is embedded near a fruit tree; the zipper on the water holding film is zipped; the drip pipe interfaces of the water seepage plate are connected with the irrigating pipe; and then water is transported into the water holding film through a pipeline system. The water-saving dried area fruit tree irrigating device adopts a brand new water-saving irrigating design and can effectively prevent water transpiration and infiltration and achieve ideal water-saving irrigating effects when being applied to the loess plateau and desertification areas.

The invention provides a plant root group dam ecological engineering construction method for prevention and control of mud flow in the loess plateau, and belongs to the field of ecological environmentimprovement. The method comprises the following steps: S1, dividing the slope gradient of the loess plateau; S2, rationally arranging arbor species, shrub species and herbaceous plants of different types and different root group depths under different slope gradients; S3, tending, managing and protecting grow plants in plated lands in the later stage to ensure that the plants can grow healthily.The plant root group dam ecological engineering construction method provided by the invention fully utilizes the root layer of three layers of trees, shrubs and herbaceous plants to realize the reinforcement of the shallow soil of the loess plateau, thereby reducing soil erosion as well as water and soil loss.

The invention discloses a loess geomorphic ditch line extraction method based on a mean neighborhood, which comprises the following steps of firstly, taking the high-resolution grid DEM data of a research region as the basic data, and selecting a proper analysis window to carry out the mean neighborhood analysis according to the geomorphic type of the research region; subtracting the original DEMdata of the research area from a neighborhood analysis result, and extracting the planar data of a normal terrain area; and finally, editing and modifying the orthotopographic map spots, converting the orthotopographic map spots into the line data, and screening out the ditch lines according to the geographic meaning of the ditch lines to obtain a final ditch line extraction result. According to the method for extracting the loess landform ditch line based on the DEM data and the mean neighborhood, the more accurate and effective extraction of the loess landform ditch lines can be achieved, meanwhile, an existing ditch line extraction method system is supplemented, and the method has the guidance and practical significance for the loess plateau research in actual work.

The invention provides a suppressing method suitable for loess plateau out-of-line ground roll waves. The suppressing method comprises the steps of: 1) performing offset geometric transformation on X to obtain X'; 2) determining an apparent velocity range of ground roll waves; 3) determining a ground roll wave frequency band range on the X'; 4) acquiring G' via G; 5) seeking an orthogonal projection vector matrix of the single shot seismic record G', and performing K-L transformation on the G'; 6) reconstructing a ground roll wave model G'' by utilizing the K-L transformation; 7) acquiring a ground roll wave final model G''' via the G''; acquiring a single shot seismic record X'' after suppressing the ground roll waves; 9) repeating the steps from step 3) to step 8) to obtain a single shot seismic record X''' after suppressing the ground roll waves finally; and 10) performing offset geometric inverse transformation on the single shot seismic record X''' to obtain X'''', and finishing the suppression of the ground roll waves. The suppressing method adopts frequency division processing, automatically adjusts and tracks change features of the ground roll waves under different geological conditions, so as to achieve the wave field separation and de-noising, can increase the continuity of a mesozoic tight oil target layer, and has amplitude fidelity characteristics.

The invention discloses a soil moisture preserving and weeding technique for a loess plateau area dwarf stock apple orchard. The method adopts a ground fabric which can stop sunlight directly radiating a ground surface; the ground fabric is solid in structure, which can stop weed penetrating the ground fabric, and then the ground fabric can inhibit the growth of the weeds and kill the weeds; the ground fabric is paved on the ground, the ground temperature remarkably increases in every spring, the root activity is improved, in particular to dwarf stock apple trees with shallow root systems ; the ground fabric is weaved, interweaved positions between warp and weft are provided with fine pores, and then the ground fabric has water permeability and air permeability; when rainfall is large in the orchard, excess water can form runoff, soil nutrients can be retained, and waterlogging damage to the roots can be avoided; the ground fabric has a certain tensile strength, and then can resist external force pulling and dragging in a general production condition; and after the ground is covered with the ground fabric, overwintering insects in soil can be stop coming up from the soil, and reproduction and infection of germs in the soil can be prevented and relieved.

The invention provides a film covering machine, which comprises a middle bracket, wherein a film spreading mechanism which can flatly spread a mulching film on the ground is mounted below the middle bracket; three rows of pressing wheels used for compacting the mulching film which is spread on the ground are mounted in parallel at the back of the middle bracket; one side of each pressing wheel is provided with a buffer mechanism; each pressing wheel is provided with a cavitation nail; a depth limiting wheel is mounted at the front of the middle bracket. By using the film covering machine provided by the invention, a film spreading machine is dragged through manpower or animal power, so as to finish covering the film, compacting the film and forming a hole on the film for cavitation at one time; the film covering machine can work on both flat land and sloping land; the shape and the parameter of a field ridge obtained by ridging are suitable for crops such as soybeans; the film covering machine is particularly suitable for the ploughing work of loessal soil in the loess plateau, and is simple and easy in structure and low in cost.

The invention provides a loess plateau terraced field extraction method based on remote sensing images and DEM. The loess plateau terraced field extraction method includes the steps: firstly, analyzing a remote sensing image to obtain the characteristics of a terraced field in a space domain and a frequency domain; proposing parameters capable of reflecting the characteristics of the remote sensing image terraced field, and determining an appropriate parameter threshold value for extracting a remote sensing image terraced field candidate region; extracting the terraced field candidate region by utilizing Fourier transform and combining image characteristic parameters according to the gray scale change rule of the terraced field image; extracting a normal terrain region by using a region growth method based on the DEM; obtaining a terrace region located on the normal terrain through the intersection of the normal terrain area and the terrace candidate region; and finally refining the terrace range through hole filling, broken pattern spot removal and boundary smooth image processing operation to obtain the final terrace range. The loess plateau terraced field extraction method basedon remote sensing images and DEM has the advantages of being simple in operation method, high in universality, high in efficiency, high in extraction precision and the like, and can be applied to loess plateau water and soil detection and land utilization investigation work.

The invention relates to mining area ground subsidence prevention and in particular relates to mechanical equipment and method for backfilling slurry in a mined-out area. By the use of the machinery equipment, the operation method and a tunnel plan, a coordinated process of soil exploitation, water distribution and filling mined-out area targeted work including vertical mechanical soil fetching on the loess plateau, soil up-well and down-well transportation via an aqueduct can be achieved. The mechanical equipment and method for backfilling slurry in the mined-out area are suitable for subsidence prevention engineering work of deserts and the loess plateau and mined-out areas with water sources. The development and application of the mechanical equipment and method play an important role in eliminating mine roof gas water inrush accidents, mountainous flood peak rear-end superposition, breakage of worldwide difficulties of earth dam construction subsidence cracks, effective control and management of mountainous water and soil resources, establishment of dotted artificial lakes and trench platform mechanical farms, improvement of conditions of local natural environment ecological vegetation temperature and rainfall.

The invention relates to an airbag wiper in automobile cleaning equipment. The airbag wiper comprises an air pipe, airbags, a pneumatic vibrator and a wiping material, wherein the air pipe is connected with an air source which is larger than atmospheric pressure; at least one airbag is communicated with the air pipe; and the wiping material is adhered on the outer lateral surface corresponding to the wiping part of the airbag, and the pneumatic vibrator is arranged inside the airbag. In the airbag wiper, the pneumatic vibrator enables the airbag to vibrate, and the airbag is used to clean the automobile flexibly, which is equivalent to manual wiping by cleaning cloth, and the cleaned body is protected from damage; And due to the soft airbag, the airbag can be closely contacted with a cleaning material easily during cleaning, so stains can be easily removed, and the cleaning efficiency can be improved. Therefore, the airbag wiper has the advantages of no damage to the automobile and water conservation, can be arranged in small space, and is particularly suitable for mechanical automobile cleaning in northern, loess plateau and other water-deficient area areas.

The invention provides a method for extracting forest grass vegetation information in a loess plateau water and soil loss area based on remote sensing. The method comprises the steps of S1, extractingland utilization data of a water and soil loss area in different periods; S2, extracting terraced field data and soil-rock mountain area data in different periods of the water and soil loss area; S3,extracting normalized vegetation index data of the water and soil loss area in different periods; S4, data of cultivated land, terraces, town villages, river lands, water areas and earth-rock mountainous areas are removed, and the spatial positions and areas of forest and grassland in different periods are obtained; S5, acquiring vegetation coverage of the forest grassland in the water and soil loss areas in different periods; And S6, verifying the obtained forest grass vegetation coverage data. According to the method, the problem of repetition of terraced fields and forest grass vegetationis avoided without depending on statistical data; Compared with previous vegetation coverage grading, the grading is finer; Information such as earth-rock mountains, town village lands, river lands and water areas which have little influence on water and soil loss is stripped. Forest grass vegetation information in a loess plateau water and soil loss area is accurately obtained, and the importanteffects of water reduction and sand reduction of forest grass vegetation in different periods can be scientifically evaluated.

The invention relates to the fields of ecological environment improvement and engineering construction, in particular to a method for constructing economic forests on slit ground terraced fields undera steep slope condition in a loess geomorphy loess hill landform area. The method comprises the following seven steps: I, prefabricating a component I; II, prefabricating a component II; III, assembling the component I and the component II; IV, molding a terraced field base layer; V, laying a formula soil layer; VI, planting economic frosts; VII, laying a covering article. Aiming at a steep slopearea with the slope of 26-40 degrees in loess geomorphy of a northern Shaanxi loess plateau hilly and gully region, the invention provides a novel transformation technique which is simple and convenient in construction, low in cost and good in vegetation applicability, the purposes of water and soil loss prevention and treatment and land optimization utilization are achieved, capacity-increase adjustment on water and soil loss steep slope type 'soil water reservoirs' is achieved, ecological environments are recovered, and agricultural production efficiency is improved.

The invention provides a comprehensive control method for water and soil loss in loess plateau gully regions. The comprehensive control method includes (1) landform engineering changing: setting continuous square grids with the same length according to the landform of a loess plateau gully region and the water and soil loss direction; and (2) plant cultivation: selecting ecological plants capable of growing in the loess plateau gully region from a local soil seed bank, and planting the ecological plants in the square grids. Based on the engineering measures, the landform resistance of the loess plateau gully region is increased, and then water and soil loss can be prevented; with plant growth as a lead, the coverage degree of an earth surface is increased; with a functional high polymer water-retaining agent as a guarantee, the survival rate of the plants can be improved, the growth of the plants is promoted, and ecological environment healthy treatment of water and soil loss in loess plateau gully regions can rapidly achieved. The comprehensive method is tested in a Gansu huanxia tianshui region, acquires a good effect, can remarkably improve the plant survival rate and the vegetation coverage rate, and can rapidly and remarkably prevent water and soil loss.

The invention provides a kind of alkaline salt lick with high purification fuctionality and its manufacturing method and device, especially includes a method of manufacturing alkaline salt lick.The method includes the filtration process , the loess water manufacture process, functionality material manufacture and addition process, filtration saline and loess plateau water mixing process and obtain alkaline salt lick process by heating drying under low temperature without no dioxo production. The existing common processing salt is generated by high temperature heat treatment,the dioxo and heavy metal which effects human body is generated at the same time. This invention provides a mention of producting technology manufacture salt by heat treatment with not high temperature which rescinds the risk of generating dioxo thoroughly and removes the virose material such as dioxo and heavy metal completely. Also,this menthod produces alkaline salt lick liking the menthod of producing the material which is rich in various mineral,which not only play the original condiment function also can excrete the heavy metal and metabolites that concentrated on human body inner(detoxification function).

The present invention provides a long wavelength static correction method in loess plateau seismic data well control, belonging to the field of geophysical prospecting for petroleum. The long wavelength static correction method comprises: (1) inputting a surface elevation file in the range of data processing, the file consisting of X and Y coordinates and elevation information; (2) calculating elevation smoothing parameters k and l, and performing smoothing of the inputted surface elevation file; (3) performing function fitting of the long wavelength static correction in the well control; and (4) calculating the long-period static correction. According to the invention, long-period static corrections in the loess plateau seismic data may be effectively calculated through controlling of a small amount of wells.

The invention discloses a loess collapsibility coefficient calculation method, and relates to the technical field of loess geological disaster evaluation. A corresponding model is built in combination with a loess collapsibility test according to geotechnical test data of collapsible loess in a loess area; important influence factors such as water content, an initial void ratio, a compression coefficient and the like are selected; and a relational matrix between evaluation indexes and a collapsibility coefficient is established based on a partial least square method. A set of loess collapsibility judgment method established by using a mathematic statistics method is formed; whether the loess is collapsible or not can be quickly judged by using a single physical mechanical index; and the method is simple, quick and practical, and can be applied to the aspects of regional disaster prevention planning of loess plateau, disaster evaluation and prevention, urban engineering geological atlas compilation, loess area collapsibility analysis and the like.

The invention discloses a fertilizer suitable for Loess Plateau area full-fruit-period early-bearing walnut trees; the fertilizer includes an inorganic fertilizer, an organic fertilizer and a foliar fertilizer, wherein the inorganic fertilizer contains the components of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P2O5), potassium (K2O), zinc (Zn) and iron (Fe) with the mass ratio of (2-3):(0.5-1):(2-3):(0.03-0.06):(0.03-0.06); the organic fertilizer contains cured animal manure; the foliar fertilizer contains 5-aminolevulinic acid. The invention discloses a fertilizer application method comprising the steps: applying the inorganic fertilizer for 3 times; applying the organic fertilizer in a leaf falling period of the walnut trees; and spraying the foliar fertilizer in a period from a flower falling period of the walnut trees to a walnut hardening period of the walnut trees. After the walnut tree fertilizer is applied, the walnut tree fertilizer can promote tree reproductive growth, improves yield, increases the single fruit weight, the kernel generation rate and the crude fat content, and can increase the chlorophyll content of leaves.