Adjustable and controllable pulse oscillation PDC drill bit

Abstract

The invention discloses an adjustable and controllable pulse oscillation PDC drill bit. The adjustable and controllable pulse oscillation PDC drill bit comprises a drill bit joint, a drill bit body, arectangular sealing ring a, a support spring, a sliding piston, a rectangular sealing ring b, a pulse oscillation nipple, a rectangular sealing ring c and a cylindrical pin. Drilling fluid enters thedrill bit from the drill bit joint, passes through the sliding piston and then flows out of a drill bit water hole, when the drill bit does not need to have a pulse oscillation function, the conventional drilling fluid pressure only needs to be kept, and the sliding piston is kept to make contact with the drill bit joint; and when the drill bit needs to have the pulse oscillation function, the drilling fluid pressure is increased, the sliding piston is pushed to move downwards and communicates with the pulse oscillation nipple, and the drilling fluid enters the pulse oscillation nipple, so that the pulse oscillation nipple generates a pulse oscillation effect, and thus efficient rock breaking of the drill bit is achieved. According to the adjustable and controllable pulse oscillation PDCdrill bit, the pulse oscillation function can be adjusted and controlled, the application range is wide, the phenomena of stick slip, bit balling and the like of the drill bit can be relieved, and theservice life of the drill bit is prolonged.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to an adjustable pulse oscillating PDC drill bit for oil and gas exploration and development, and is also suitable for technical fields such as coal mining and geological engineering. Background technique [0002] At present, the PDC bits used in oil and gas drilling projects are mainly divided into two types: steel body type and matrix type. The main material of the matrix type PDC bit is cast tungsten carbide powder, which is expensive and not environmentally friendly. Body, low price, high strength, reducing the use of heavy metals, is conducive to environmental protection. With the development of CNC technology and the continuous improvement of processing technology, the PDC drill bit with a steel body is not only lower in cost than the matrix drill bit, but also has no obvious difference in performance from the matrix drill bit. The steel body PDC drill bit is more and more popular among users. Favored, it has been widely pr...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] Conventional PDC bits still face many challenges during use, especially the drilling in complex formation environment conditions, which is often accompanied by stick-slip, mud bagging, bouncing drill and even bouncing teeth, which is not conducive to the rock breaking of the drill bit and will cause Reduced drill life

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