33results about How to "Efficient rock breaking" patented technology

The invention relates to a self-feeding rotary jet flow multi-hole spray nozzle, which comprises a spray nozzle cap, a back end shaft, a screw and the like. The self-feeding rotary jet flow multi-hole spray nozzle has the basic work principle that a plurality of forward holes are uniformly formed in a certain circle, leaving away from the center for a certain distance, of the front end surface of the spray nozzle, a plurality of center axes of the holes are in the located plane of a certain tangent line of the circle and are distributed in a way of forming different angles with an axial line of the spray nozzle cap, and the projection of the axial lines of the holes in the front end surface is a tangent line of the same circle, so the jet flow has high tangential speed, and the efficient rock breaking is favorably realized; the jet flow dispersion is realized, the acting range is wide, and large-aperture holes are favorably formed; the spray nozzle cap realizes autorotation through the jet flow reaction, each hole is scanned along the self rail for completing the rock breaking, and the formed holes are more regular; the spray nozzle cap realizes the autorotation, and the self feeding of the spray nozzle is favorably realized. The backward spray nozzle provides the self-feeding force, and meanwhile, the autorotation of the spray nozzle cap can be controlled. The self-feeding rotary jet flow multi-hole spray nozzle has the advantages that the structure is simple, the efficient rock breaking can be realized, and large-diameter regular holes are formed.

The invention relates to a novel hydraulic oscillator with energy gathering and damping functions. The novel hydraulic oscillator is fixedly mounted in the position close to a drill bit and comprises a damping assembly, a transmission assembly and an oscillating assembly. The oscillating assembly is mounted at the front end of the transmission assembly. The damping assembly is mounted at the rear end of the transmission assembly. Vibration generated on an upper tool by the oscillator during operating is absorbed through multiple stages of vibration absorption rings; bit pressure and torque are transmitted through a disk spring and splines, and the disk spring and the splines are connected in series. When flowing through a flow guide pipe, drilling fluid flows into a pressure chamber through flow guide holes in the circumference of the flow guide pipe and then flows back to a central flow channel, pressure pulsation of the drilling fluid fluctuates, and the oscillating assembly generates an oscillating effect. The novel hydraulic oscillator with the energy gathering and damping functions can generate the oscillating frequency of a certain range to reduce friction drag borne by a drilling tool in the rock breaking process of the drill bit, automatically absorb vibration and reduce the influence of the oscillating assembly on the upper drilling tool during operating, so that the well drilling efficiency is improved.

The invention relates to a stagnation-prevention drilling tool capable of reducing a stick slip phenomenon through a multi-head helical pair. The stagnation-prevention drilling tool is installed on the upper portion of a drill bit in a thread connection mode and comprises an upper assembly, a vibration absorption assembly and a lower assembly. The rear end of the vibration absorption assembly is provided with an upper connector assembly, and the front end of the vibration absorption assembly is provided with the lower assembly. Vibration generated in the work process of the tool is absorbed through disc springs connected in series, a pressure cavity and a rubber spring. Through matching of a spiral outer shell and a spiral transmission shaft, the multi-head helical pair is formed. When the reaction torque acting on the drill bit is increased and a stick slip or clamping phenomenon occurs, the spiral transmission shaft rotates backwards relative to the spiral outer shell, and therefore small-amplitude reverse rotation is applied to the drill bit. The reaction force of the ground to the drill bit is lowered, stress of the drill bit reaches balance again, and therefore efficient rock breaking with the drill bit is realized. According to the stagnation-prevention drilling tool capable of reducing the stick slip phenomenon through the multi-head helical pair, the vibration generated during rock breaking with the drill bit can be absorbed, the stick slip phenomenon is reduced, and continuous drilling of the drill bit is guaranteed.

The invention discloses a drilling system and method for improving tundra drilling efficiency. The drilling method comprises the following steps of: adopting a downward drilling pipe column, starting a nitrogen gas compressor and a high-pressure pump unit; pumping liquid nitrogen into a shaft from a continuous oil pump, providing power to an underground motor, cutting shaft-bottom rocks by a PDC drill bit, and starting drilling operation; spraying out the liquid nitrogen through a spray nozzle of the drill bit to form liquid nitrogen jet flow which is matched with cutting of the PDC drill bit; upwards returning and circulating nitrogen gas along with rock debris to ground along an annular space, and recycling through a sand remover, a back pressure valve and a gas purifier; and drilling to a target layer, thereby completing drilling operation. Liquid-nitrogen fracturing effect is beneficial for expanding cracks generated inside rocks, so that rock breaking efficiency is effectively improved; the temperature of liquid nitrogen is extremely low, and liquid nitrogen is vaporized to absorb heat in an upward return process, so that decomposition of natural gas hydrates is effectively restrained, a well wall is kept stable, and underground complexity is prevented; and in an operation process, liquid nitrogen is recycled, so that the process is simple, is economical and is good in field applicability.

The invention discloses a composite rock breaking method. The method comprises the following steps of generating a crack in a rock body by adopting high-speed water jetting, jetting supercritical carbon dioxide into the crack, heating the supercritical carbon dioxide in the crack by adopting a microwave generation system so as to achieve the rapid phase change of the supercritical carbon dioxide,and breaking the rock body subjected to phase change of the supercritical carbon dioxide in the crack by adopting a cutter system. The invention further discloses a composite rock breaking cutterhead.The composite rock breaking cutterhead comprises a cutterhead panel, the cutter system and a high-speed water jet system are arranged on the cutterhead panel, and a supercritical carbon dioxide jet system and the microwave generation system are arranged on the cutterhead panel. The invention further discloses a composite rock breaking heading machine. The composite rock breaking heading machine comprises a cutterhead which is the same as the composite rock breaking cutterhead. According to the composite rock breaking method, cutterhead and heading machine, the technical problems that an existing composite rock breaking heading machine is large in thrust, large in torque, high in loading efficiency and serious in cutter abrasion.

The invention discloses a horizontal tunneling device which comprises a tunneling device host machine, at least one electric pulse drill bit and an electric pulse generator, wherein the tunneling device host machine comprises a front shield tube body; a front separation plate and a back separation plate are arranged in the front shield tube body; the electric pulse drill bits are used for crushingrock through mechanical effects of plasma channels, jet flow or pulse waves generated through pulse power discharging, and are all fixed onto the front separation plate and the back separation plate;and the electric pulse generator is connected with the electric pulse drill bit and is used for providing high-voltage electric pulse for the electric pulse drill bit. The horizontal tunneling devicecan realize the rock crushing without the rotation of the electric pulse drill bit; the drill bit cannot easily be abraded; and the pulse discharging energy of the electric pulse drill bits is used for crushing the rock. Compared with mechanical cutting rock crushing through hobbing cutters, the horizontal tunneling device has the advantages that the influence by external factors such as rock hardness is small, so that the efficient rock crushing under the extreme work conditions can be realized; and the rock crushing efficiency is high.

The invention relates to a drilling system and method and application thereof in the field of oil exploration and development. The drilling system comprises a cold fluid circulation pipeline, a continuous oil pipe and a fluid temperature control cavity. According to the method, drilling fluid in the fluid temperature control cavity is cooled through cold fluid in a heat exchange pipe; the fluid temperature control cavity is designed to be of an organ pipe structure, the drilling fluid forms a strong natural vibration cavitation effect in the cavity, the natural vibration cavitation low-temperature drilling fluid is sprayed out of a nozzle at a high speed to act on dry and hot rock at the bottom of a well, and micro cracks are generated on the surface of the rock under the action of tensile stress. Meanwhile, the drilling fluid forms strong cavitation vortex flow under the action of natural vibration cavitation, cavitation is broken to generate a strong destructive effect, and the rock breaking capacity is further improved. The problems that a dry and hot rock drilling machine is low in drilling speed, high in drilling cost and short in service life of downhole tools and instruments are solved, and efficient development and utilization of dry and hot rock resources in China can be effectively guaranteed.

The invention provides a frame type drilling device and a construction method, and the frame type drilling device comprises a supporting frame which is movably and deflectively arranged on a drilling trolley to provide support for drilling equipment; the drilling equipment is movably arranged on the supporting frame, and the drilling equipment can move in all directions in a plane limited by the supporting frame; and the moving mechanism drives the drilling equipment to move on the supporting frame, and continuous hole drilling in the rock mass in any direction is achieved. The device faces an excavation face, multiple arms do not need to be adjusted, and drilling point positions are rapidly positioned; through omni-directional coordinate movement, concentric circle rotation and the like, efficient positioning of drill bits in different forms is achieved, efficiency is improved, and any formed hole contour is drilled; the device works alternately, does not need synchronous work, is simple to operate, and can realize intelligent hole forming to form a required contour.

The invention relates to a laser-mechanical drill bit for laser-mechanical combined efficient rock breaking. The laser-mechanical drill bit is mainly composed of a drill bit body and a fixed cutting structure; the fixed cutting structure is composed of blades extending from the drill bit body, cutting teeth and gauge protection teeth; the cutting teeth and the gauge protection teeth are fixedly connected to the blades; the blades and the drill bit body are integrally machined and formed; a through dovetail-groove-shaped laser channel is formed in the drill bit body; two symmetrical bosses and four inclined threaded holes are formed in the connecting end; and an annular sealing groove is formed, so that gas leakage can be effectively prevented, and the cleaning and rock-carrying effects in the drilling process are guaranteed. According to the drill bit, the positioning precision of a laser beam can be ensured, the shaped linear laser beam is enabled to accurately irradiate a specified position on the surface of rock, the laser beam rotationally irradiates the rock along with the drill bit, the laser beam is ensured not to interfere with the interior of the drill bit in the drilling process, and laser-mechanical combined efficient rock breaking is realized.

The invention discloses a combined rock breaking test device based on high-pressure water jet and cutter sequential operation. The device comprises a cutterhead, a mechanical hob structure, a high-pressure water jet structure and a scraper structure, wherein the mechanical hob structure, the high-pressure water jet structure and the scraper structure are all installed on the cutterhead; the mechanical hob structure, the high-pressure water jet structure and the scraper structure are sequentially installed and arranged on the cutterhead according to the sequence that the high-pressure water jetstructure jets water jet to form a water jet cutting groove, the scraper structure broadens and deepens the water jet cutting groove and the mechanical hob structure rolls the water jet cutting groove; and the high-pressure water jet structure, the scraper structure and the mechanical hob structure form a working group in sequence. According to the invention, the problem that the grooving depth of the rock is small when the rock is cut by high-pressure water jet in a high-speed moving cutting state is solved; and the device has the advantages of high efficiency, low energy consumption, low abrasion, improvement of working face operation environment and the like. The invention further discloses application of the combined rock breaking test device based on high-pressure water jet and cutter sequential operation.

The invention provides a sand washing and cleaning tool capable of reversing. The reversible sand washing tool comprises an upper connector, a barrel, a backward nozzle and a forward nozzle which are connected in sequence. The backward nozzle comprises a first hollow cavity and a second hollow cavity which are communicated with each other, a jet hole is formed in the outer wall of the backward nozzle, and the jet hole is communicated with the first hollow cavity; the reversible sand washing tool further comprises a piston rod which is movably arranged in the barrel and provided with a hollow flow channel, and a water outlet hole is formed in the end, close to the forward nozzle, of the piston rod so that fluid can flow into the backward nozzle and/or the forward nozzle from the water outlet hole. The piston rod is provided with a first position, a second position and a third position sequentially close to the forward nozzle. And the rotation generating impeller is arranged in the forward nozzle and is connected with one end, close to the forward nozzle, of the backward nozzle, so that fluid flows through the rotation generating impeller to form rotational flow and then is sprayed out from an outlet of the forward nozzle. The problems that in the prior art, the shaft cleaning effect is poor, and efficiency is low are solved.

The invention relates to a rotary PDC drill bit. The rotary PDC drill bit is mainly composed of a drill bit base body, blades, blade supporting seats, blade rolling shafts, PDC cutting teeth, nozzles and flow channels, wherein the blades are fixed to the drill bit base body through the blade rolling shafts and the blade supporting seats, each blade is provided with the PDC cutting teeth, the blades are disc type blades with through holes in the centers, and the disc type blades can freely rotate around the blade rolling shafts. The blades keep rotating while cutting the stratum, the rotating blades can evenly disperse abrasion of the cutting teeth on the blades, meanwhile, the cutting teeth are effectively cooled and kept sharp, and therefore the effects of efficient drilling and prolonging of the service life of the drill bit are achieved; the free rotation disc type blade structure has the advantages of being high in drilling speed and long in service life, and compared with a drilling method adopting a full-imported drill bit, the drilling cost can be saved; and when the drill bit is used for drilling in stratums with high abrasiveness and poor drillability, the aim of efficiently breaking rocks can also be achieved by adopting conventional drilling parameters.

The invention relates to a rock breaking agent for stabilizing well walls and a preparation method thereof. The rock breaking agent consists of the following components in part by mass: 80 to 100 parts of plant protein, 180 to 200 parts of water, 50 to 65 parts of 20 mass percent n-hexane solution of phosphorus oxychloride, 20 to 40 parts of sulphydryl polyether polyol, 30 to 40 parts of sulfonated dioctyl succinate, 16 to 24 parts of sulfonating agent and pH regulator. The efficient rock breaking agent for stabilizing the well walls can instantaneously and effectively reduce the strength of stratum rock, is favorable for stabilizing the well walls, and improves the drilling speed so as to reduce the exploratory development cost, protect the oil-gas layer and improve the recovery rate.

The invention discloses a tunneling device with the drilling angle being adjustable and a tunneling machine. The tunneling device comprises a cutterhead, multiple heads, drilling mechanisms and a fixing mechanism, and the heads are vertically arranged on the cutterhead. The drilling mechanisms are rotationally arranged on the cutterhead and comprise drill rods capable of stretching and retractingin the axial direction on the cutterhead. The fixing mechanism is used for fixing the drilling mechanisms rotating on the cutterhead onto the cutterhead so as to adjust the positions of the drill rodson the cutterhead. According to the tunneling device, prefabricated cracks with a certain inclination angle are formed in to-be-excavated rock mass through the drilling mechanisms, then tunneling iscarried out through the heads on the cutterhead, and therefore the mechanical performance of the heads is better played, and then the aim of efficient tunneling of the to-be-excavated rock mass is achieved; and the tunneling device is especially suitable for tunneling of the tunneling machine in hard rock engineering.

The invention discloses a cutter head, a full-section hard rock heading machine based on drilling and blasting construction and a rock breaking method. The cutter head is divided into N areas, a first slotting tool is arranged between every two adjacent areas, and second slotting tools are arranged at other boundary positions of each area; an impactor and a first arm frame connected with the impactor are arranged in the cutter head, a notch is formed in the first slotting tool or the second slotting tool of each area for the impactor to stretch out and retract, and a guide rail is arranged on the boundary of each area to form an annular guide rail for the impactor to move; a second arm frame is arranged in the cutter head, a rotating device is arranged on the second arm frame, a drilling device is arranged on one side of the rotating device, and a chemical filling device is arranged on the other side of the rotating device; and each area is provided with a through hole for the drilling device to stretch in and retract and for the rotating device to rotate after the drilling device retracts so that the chemical filling device can stretch in and retract at the retracting position of the drilling device. The safety of a shield method and the high efficiency of a drilling and blasting method can be achieved at the same time. The efficiency is improved, and the safety is improved.