The invention relates to a cam type high-frequency percussion well drilling tool which is characterized by comprising a screw assembly and an axial vibration assembly. The screw assembly comprises a sealed chamber, a mandrel and a lower connector, the axial vibration assembly comprises an upper cam, a lower cam, a disc spring, a suspension nut and a thrust bearing, the disc spring, the suspension nut and the thrust bearing are sleeved on the outside of the mandrel, the suspension nut is connected with the lower connector in a threaded manner, and an upper sealing sleeve is arranged between the sealed chamber and the mandrel; a floating piston is sleeved between the sealed chamber and the lower connector, the floating piston, the upper sealing sleeve, the mandrel, a first sealing sleeve and the sealed chamber form a closed cavity, and hydraulic oil can be filled in the closed cavity. The cam type high-frequency percussion well drilling tool has the advantages that high-frequency, uniform and stable mechanical percussion energy can be generated by the tool in a well drilling procedure, so that a drill bit can constantly keep continuously cutting a well bottom at a high frequency, the shearing efficiency is improved, and one or a plurality of types of possible harmful vibration and a possible stick-slip phenomenon are prevented when the drill bit moves; axial runout, transverse vertex motion and the stick-slip phenomenon in the well drilling procedure can be prevented, the well drilling mechanical rotation speed further can be increased, and the service life of the well drilling tool is prolonged.