Thermal runaway early-warning method and early-warning fire-fighting system for lithium ion battery for energy storage

Abstract

The invention discloses a thermal runaway early-warning method and early-warning fire-fighting system for a lithium ion battery for energy storage, and belongs to the technical field of thermal runaway of lithium ion batteries. The thermal runaway early warning method for the lithium ion battery for energy storage comprises the steps that a temperature sensor detects the temperature T in a single battery, a gas sensor detects the concentration of hydrogen, the concentration of carbon dioxide, the concentration of carbon monoxide, the concentration of methane, the concentration of ethylene, the concentration of ethane and the concentration of smoke and sends the concentration to a main control unit, and the main control unit conducts judgment; and the thermal runaway early-warning and fire-fighting system for the lithium ion battery for energy storage comprises a characteristic acquisition device, a main control unit, an alarm device and a fire-fighting device, the characteristic acquisition device detects battery thermal runaway characteristic parameters and sends the battery thermal runaway characteristic parameters to the main control unit, and the main control unit controls the alarm device and the fire-fighting device to work according to a thermal runaway early-warning method for the lithium ion battery for energy storage. The thermal runaway early-warning method and early-warning fire-fighting system for the lithium ion battery for energy storage can perform early warning on the dangerous stage of the thermal runaway process of the battery.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of thermal runaway of lithium-ion batteries, in particular to an early warning method for thermal runaway of lithium-ion batteries for energy storage and an early warning and fire-fighting system. Background technique [0002] The design of fire protection systems for electrochemical energy storage power stations in China is mostly based on GB 50370-2005 "Code for Design of Gas Fire Extinguishing Systems", GB 50116-2013 "Code for Design of Automatic Fire Alarm Systems", etc. The device monitors the fire alarm information in real time and uploads it to the fire extinguishing controller. Once the fire alarm information is detected, an alarm signal is sent, the gas fire extinguishing device is automatically activated, and the fire extinguishing agent is sprayed to suppress the spread of thermal runaway of the battery. [0003] Patent CN 112316332 A proposes an early warning method for lithium ion battery cabine...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The three-level early warning includes: 1. The temperature of the lithium battery is abnormal but has not reached the preset temperature threshold; 2. The temperature of the lithium battery is higher than the preset threshold and a characteristic gas, smoke signal and flame signal are detected; 3. The temperature of the lithium battery is higher than the preset temperature. The threshold and the characteristic gas concentration and smoke concentration continue to rise and are higher than the preset threshold. The fire-fighting measure is to spray different doses of fire extinguishing agent. The patent monitors the external temperature information of the battery, but there is a significant temperature difference inside and outside the battery, which makes it unable to respond accurately battery thermal runaway

First of all, the existing early warning strategy does not provide early warning for the explosion limit of the characteristic gas. Compared with the battery combustion, the combustible gas can diffuse with the air flow, and the harm caused by the explosion is far greater than that of the combustion. The temperature early warning involved in the existing early warning strategy The monitored temperature comes from the surface of the battery and cannot truly reflect the internal temperature information of the battery, but the temperature inside the battery determines the degree of thermal runaway chemical reaction

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