The invention provides an auxiliary traction device. The auxiliary traction device comprises a support, a traction piece, a linkage structure, a limiting piece, an elastic tension structure and a pay-off device, the traction piece and the linkage structure are rotationally arranged on the support, the limiting piece is fixedly installed on the support, and the elastic tension structure is connected with the linkage structure. According to the auxiliary traction device, when the pay-off device rotates reversely, a traction line cannot directly pull a lesion and needs to be buffered by a traction rod, if the number of reverse rotation turns of the pay-off device is large, the traction rod can rotate by a larger angle towards the working position to buffer the pulling force of the traction line, in other words, due to the existence of the traction rod, the traction line does not suddenly act on a lesion with a relatively large force, but is gradually and slowly increased, so that the operation difficulty is reduced, and more reaction time is provided for an operator; and when in use, the auxiliary traction device can be placed on one side of an operating table, the doctor operates the pay-off device to rotate reversely while observing lesions, and after the pay-off device is operated to stop after the pay-off device reaches a proper position, the optimal traction position and traction force can be adjusted.