The invention discloses a conveying and fixing device for transplanting peach trees and a peach tree loading and unloading method, and belongs to the field of forestry. A conveying vehicle is providedwith a plurality of hydraulic rotating devices and steel wire rope rollers, the fixing device comprises a supporting and clamping device and a watering device, the supporting and clamping device comprises a rectangular frame, stand columns and horizontal hydraulic cylinders are arranged on the periphery of the rectangular frame, a tree root clamping plate is connected to each horizontal hydrauliccylinder, a vertical lifting hydraulic cylinder is arranged in each stand column, a lifting supporting column is connected to the upper part of each vertical lifting hydraulic cylinder, a bottom opening device is arranged in the rectangular frame, a transplanted peach tree is arranged on the bottom opening device, and a steel wire rope strains the trunk through a pulley on the supporting columns.The survival rate of the peach tree can be guaranteed, the breakage of root soil during long-distance transportation can be reduced, the low transplanting rate caused by serious water shortage of thepeach tree is prevented, the investment risk is reduced, and the stable transportation and safe loading and unloading of the transplanted peach tree are guaranteed.