Method for controlling salt and saving water of nutritional soil for planting crops on mudflat saline-alkali land

It is a saline-alkali soil and nutrient-based technology, which is applied in the direction of soil preparation methods, soil lifting machinery, agricultural machinery and tools, etc. It can solve problems such as backward monitoring methods in the salt control process, low water resource utilization efficiency, and slow soil fertility cultivation process, etc., to achieve improvement. Soil physical and chemical conditions, improve the effect of moisture conservation, and reduce the effect of water resource loss

Inactive Publication Date: 2011-05-04
INST OF SOIL SCI CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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  • Description
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  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

[0006] Technical problem: the purpose of this invention is to propose a series of practical problems such as poor effect of salt control methods on saline-alkali soil in coastal beaches, single technology use, backward monitoring means for s

Method used

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  • Method for controlling salt and saving water of nutritional soil for planting crops on mudflat saline-alkali land
  • Method for controlling salt and saving water of nutritional soil for planting crops on mudflat saline-alkali land
  • Method for controlling salt and saving water of nutritional soil for planting crops on mudflat saline-alkali land

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Embodiment 1

[0022] The invention discloses a nutrient-type soil salt-controlling and water-saving method for planting crops in tidal flat saline-alkali land. Its core is to realize water-saving and desalination through precise irrigation of bottom moisture, to form a tidal flat saline-alkali soil layer relatively "light soil layer", to create good soil conditions for crop growth, and to use straw crushing for deep burial and direct covering of whole straw to form the continuity of capillary action Destroy, cut off the hydraulic connection between the plow layer soil and deep soil and groundwater salinity, slow down or inhibit soil return to salt, while straw mulching can reduce water loss and maintain soil moisture. In addition, straw decay and decomposition can improve soil physical and chemical properties and provide necessary for crop growth. Nutrients, to achieve high-efficiency salt control, water saving and fertilization in tidal flat saline-alkali land. The main implementation link...

Embodiment 2

[0043] Determine the salt control target value according to the salt tolerance threshold of the planted crops, irrigate the bottom soil moisture in the tidal flat saline-alkali soil, press the salt to create moisture, and use the fresh water intermittent irrigation method to irrigate the saline-alkali land in the tidal flat about 1 week before sowing. The salt threshold is used as the target value of irrigation salt control, and the four-electrode salinity sensor is used to monitor the soil desalination process in real time. After running to the plow layer below 40cm and the soil salinity in the plow layer is not higher than the irrigation salt control target value, stop irrigation. After the soil is dry, carry out deep plowing and deep plowing. The plowing depth of the soil is 30-40cm. Lay crushed crop stalks with a length of 3-5cm, and the dosage is 2.0-3.5kg / m 2 , mixed with grasses and leguminous orange stalks at a weight ratio of 1:1. After leveling the land, sow, and f...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for controlling salt and saving water of nutritional soil for planting crops on a mudflat saline-alkali land. The method comprises the following steps of: determining a salt control target value according to a salt-tolerance threshold of planted crops; restraining salt content and making moisture by irrigating soil moisture water into the mudflat saline-alkali land; performing deep plowing and deep tillage after the soil is dry; paving crushed crop straws under the surface of the soil; seeding after leveling the land; and finally returning the crop straws into the land for covering a sown land surface. Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, water resource is saved; and the irrigation amount can be reduced in the growth and development stages of the crops. When the soil moisture water is irrigated before sowing, because a four-electrode salt content sensor is adopted for monitoring a desalting process of the soil in real time, an irrigation salt control target and irrigation stop time are defined, and water resource loss is reduced; simultaneously, the straws are buried deeply and covered on the land surface, continuous damage caused by a capillary action is caused; an uplink surface congregation effect of the salt content in subsoil and underground water is prevented; soil salt return is inhibited effectively without irrigating for washing the salt in a dry season so that the water resource is saved; in addition, water loss is reduced because of the coverage on the surface of the land, the moisture keeping effect of the soil is improved and the irrigation amount in the growth and development stage of the crops can be reduced.

Description

1. Technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of tidal flat land management and agricultural utilization, and relates to a salt-controlling and water-saving method for planting crops in tidal flat saline-alkali land. 2. Background technology [0002] At present, my country's water and soil resources can only guarantee 500 million tons of grain production capacity, which is far from meeting the huge demand of the growing population. At the same time, my country's energy shortage contradiction is becoming increasingly acute, and the development of biomass energy must ensure the premise of "food security". my country currently owns coastal tidal flats with a total area of ​​nearly 40 million mu, which are important reserve land resources in my country. The development and utilization of saline-alkali soil in coastal tidal flats can not only provide food sources, but also become the production carrier of important salt-tolerant plants such as energy. Pl...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): A01B77/00A01B79/02
Inventor 杨劲松姚荣江赵秀芳韩建均
Owner INST OF SOIL SCI CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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