63results about How to "Improve moisture conservation effect" patented technology

The invention discloses an organic compound fertilizer with citrus pomace and a preparation method of the organic compound fertilizer and belongs to the technical field of preparation of organic fertilizers. The preparation method comprises the following steps of reducing the acidity of the citrus pomace by adopting microbial fermentation for deacidification, decomposing nondegradable components such as pectin and cellulose in the citrus pomace by adopting a compound-enzyme preparation, carrying out composting fermentation by microbial liquid inoculant, finally adding batched materials such as urea, monoammonium phosphate and potassium sulfate, and carrying out insect killing, sterilization, granulation, drying, cooling, sieving, coating and packaging to prepare the organic compound fertilizer with rich organic matter and the contents of N, P and K meeting the need of the optimal proportion for growth of citrus. The organic compound fertilizer and the preparation method disclosed by the invention have the advantages that deacidifying yeast is adopted to reduce the acidity of the citrus pomace and replace the existing method for adding quick lime to carry out deacidification, calcification and alkalization of soil are effectively prevented, the content of the compound fertilizer is more than 55%, the pH value is 6.5-8.5, the total contents of N, P and K are more than or equal to 8%, the water content is less than or equal to 20%, the contents of trace elements such as B, Zn and Mg are rich, and the other quality indexes are superior to national standard of organic fertilizer respectively.

The invention discloses a seedling formation method in alkaline lands by pre-coating film on cotton, which aims at increasing the seedling formation rate of the cotton in alkaline lands and realizing seedlings full and strong. The method of the invention is characterized in that: cotton fields having the salt content of below 0.4% and has certain accumulative rain and snow in winter are thawed in early spring, then ditches are opened in the rows of the pre-sowed cotton, and 2 tons of miscellaneous manure and 40 to 60kg of compound fertilizer which contains about 15 percent of N, about 15 percent of P2O5 and about 15 percent of K2O are fertilized, and then mulching film is used for covering the ditches immediately after the ditches are covered with soil and raked; as for an alkaline land with salt content of more than 0.4 percent, 80m<3> of fresh water is irrigated for each mu (mu: a Chinese unit of area, 1 / 15 of a hectare) at the end of winter to restrain salt content, ditches are opened and then miscellaneous manure and N-P-K compound fertilizer are fertilized in the early of middle of March, and film is covered after the land is prepared. The cotton fields which are leveled, fertilized and pre-coated with film are steadily passes earth temperature of 15 DEG C at the position of 5cm below the film, then bunch planting the ditinted and coated cotton seeds according to preset row spacing and plant spacing. The cottons are thinned out after the young seedling grow tidily, and final singling is carried out after two true leaves come out. The method of the invention achieves the functions of increasing temperature, water preserving and controlling salt by pre-coating the mulching film, promotes the seedling emergency and formation of cottons in alkaline land sand realizes synergetic salt control effect by concentrated fertilization under the film, thereby having significant yield increasing effect.

The invention relates to a planting method for crops, in particular to a wide-row flat planting protective tillage planting method for maizes. The planting method comprises the following seven steps of: performing land preparation, sowing, rolling after sowing, weeding by pesticides, subsoiling mechanically and performing side deep fertilizing, preventing and controlling diseases and insect pestsand harvesting mechanically. In the planting method, the conventional 60-centimeter uniform ridge planting mode is changed into a flat planting mode of 80-centimeter row pitch and 20-centimeter row spacing, and ventilating and light-transmitting space of the crops is increased; the conventional shallow intertillage and shallow fertilization mode is changed into a mechanical deep scarification anddeep topdressing mode, namely the conventional three-shovel three-time intertillage management and shallow fertilization operation is changed into one-time deep scarification and deep topdressing operation, so operation links are reduced, and the production cost is reduced; the conventional sowing mode is changed into a zero-tillage sowing mode, so the evaporation of soil moisture is reduced, andthe capacity of drought resistance and soil moisture conservation is improved; the conventional mode that harvested low stubbles are crushed to return to a field into a mode that mechanically-harvested high stubbles are rotten naturally to return to the field; and before sowing, seeds are processed by using a plasma seed processing technology to improve the germination percentage of the seeds.

The invention relates to the field of agricultural application, in particular to a multifunctional degradable liquid mulch film with macromolecule polymer as the main component and a preparation method and a usage method thereof. The mulch film comprises according to the weight percentage 2%-8% of polyvinyl alcohol, 2%-6% of carboxymethylcellulose sodium, 0.1%-0.5% of a crosslinking agent, 0.2%-0.5% of a defoaming agent, 0.3%-0.7% of glycerol and the balance of water. The mulch film provided by the invention is fully stirred with water and sprayed on the soil surface; the macromolecular hydrophilic groups can effectively combine with active sites on soil particles to form a crosslinking layer on the soil surface, so as to inhibit the moisture evaporation of soil and reduce soil erosion. The product has the effects of shortening seedling emergence time of crops, improving soil structure, promoting crop yield and avoiding pollution to the soil environment, can improve the shortage of agricultural water resources in semiarid area to a certain extent, and has broad application prospects.

The invention discloses an orange peel dregs seedling raising substrate and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of preparation of seedling raising substrates. Fermented orange peel dregs subjected to microorganism fermentation de-acidification, composite enzyme preparation degradation and microorganism liquid bacterial agent composting fermentation are used as a raw material; shaximiao group purple soil is used for replacing non-renewable resources such as turf, perlite, and vermiculite to scientifically compound a soil insecticide so as to obtain the seedling raising substrate which is free of weeds and pests, good in physical property, reasonable in hygroscopicity, excellent in air-conductivity, reasonable in PH value, strong in ion exchange capacity, balanced in nutrition, high in seedling emerging rate, and regular and strong in seedlings. The preparation method disclosed by the invention is simple in process and low in requirement on equipment, the orange peel dregs are fermented for 12-15 days, the pest killing and sterilization of the seedling raising substrate is 5-7 days at most, the preparation method saves 18-20 days as compared with the prior art, not only is the raw material cost of the seedling raising substrate greatly lowered, but also the production period is shortened, and the preparation method is not restricted by factors such as weather, and can achieve mass production at any time.

The invention discloses a straw returning mini-tiller. The straw returning mini-tiller comprises a mini-tillage smashing shell, wherein a gear case is fixedly connected with the middle of the upper surface of the mini-tillage smashing shell; a smashing shaft is in driving connection with inside of the gear case; one end of the smashing shaft is fixedly connected with a driving wheel; the driving wheel is in driving connection with a driven wheel through a triangular belt; the driven wheel is fixedly connected to one end of a mini-tillage shaft; a mixed liquid storage tank is fixedly connectedwith the upper surface of the mini-tillage smashing shell; a lock cylinder is fixedly connected with one side of the mini-tillage smashing shell, and spraying columns are fixedly connected to inside of the lock cylinder. According to the straw returning mini-tiller, by cooperation of the mixed liquid storage tank, a pressurized water pump and atomizing nozzles, the straw returning mini-tiller canspray a decomposition agent to straw firstly in a using process, so that composting of the crop straw is accelerated, and sufficient mixing of the straw and soil is facilitated at a later stage.

The invention discloses a tea seedling black film mulching cultivation method. The method comprises the steps that soil preparation is carried out in a conventional mode, and base fertilizer is applied sufficiently; earthing towards the center along fertilization furrows is carried out after fertilization to form planting ridges which are about 0.6 m wide and 0.10 m to 0.15 m high; the planting ridges of tea lines are covered with black mulching films flatly and tightly before tea seedlings are transplanted; black polyethylene blow molding agricultural films which are good in toughness, ageing resistant and good in shading effect are requested, the thickness of the films is 0.015 mm to 0.020 mm, the width is 0.8 m to 0.9 m, and the using amount of the mulching films is 5 to 6 kg in net weight per mu; tea seedling transplanting, seedling management, weeding, prevention and cure of diseases and pests and topdressing are carried out; the mulching films are recycled. The tea seedling black film mulching cultivation method can improve the survival rate of newly planted tea seedlings, tea gardens can be formed ahead of time for benefit acquiring, fertilizer and water can be utilized efficiently, weeds, the diseases and the insect pests can be controlled effectively, the investment of labor force and production management can be reduced, and production cost can be lowered.

The invention discloses an intersecting-free straw strip-shaped return-to-field cultivation method for maize tillage. The method includes the steps that 1, before crop seeding is performed, crop strawof a last season is smashed in situ, ridge clearing and strip gathering are performed for the first time, straw at strip gathering positions is mixed and stirred in a soil layer, first seeding stripsare formed at ridge clearing positions, and first return-to-field strips are formed at the strip gathering positions; 2, before crop seeding of a next season is performed, crop straw is smashed in situ, ridge clearing and strip gathering are performed for the second time, the straw at strip gathering positions is mixed and stirred in a soil layer, second seeding strips are formed at ridge clearing positions, and second return-to-field strips are formed at the strip gathering positions; in the two adjacent planting seasons, the positions of seeding strips and the return-to-field strips are interchanged or the second seeding strips horizontally move to the first return-to-field strips to form strip spacing tillage. The arable layer structure of virtuality and reality alternating is created,and the method has the advantages of non-tillage and deep tillage, effectively solves the key problems in straw returning to the field, and is also an effective way for construction of a reasonable arable layer on dry land and promotion of soil fertility.

The invention discloses a full-biodegradable mulching film with a controllable degradation period and a preparation method thereof. Raw materials for preparing the mulching film comprise the followingcomponents in parts by weight: 40-60 parts of polyadipic acid / butylene terephthalate, 5-20 parts of high-crystallinity polylactic acid, 5-15 parts of polybutylene succinate, 2-10 parts of modified polyamidoamine, 2-6 parts of aliphatic polyol, 5-20 parts of inorganic filler, 1-5 parts of compatilizer, 1-2.5 parts of dispersing agent, 0.1-2 part of antioxidant, 0.1-5 part of ultraviolet light absorber, 0.1-3 part of a light stabilizer, and 0-0.5 part of an auxiliary agent. By selecting high-crystallinity polylactic acid with good air tightness, the air tightness of the mulching film can be effectively improved, degradation of the mulching film can be accelerated by adding modified polyamidoamine into a polymer, and degradation of the mulching film can be accelerated by adjusting the typesand the use amounts of the antioxidant, the ultraviolet light absorber and the light stabilizer as well as the dispersing agent and the auxiliary agent. The degradation time of the full-biodegradablemulching film can be regulated and controlled, and the growth requirements of different altitudes, different regions and different crops can be met.

The invention relates to a method for covering a mulching film on farmland. The method comprises the following steps of: paving the mulching film in an operation area, firmly pressing the edges of the mulching film, and covering a protective layer on the entire surface of the mulching film in the whole period from the pavement of the mulching film to the harvest of crops or in the whole period from the germination of seeds of the crops to the harvest of the crops or in the whole period from the transplantation and rooting of the crops to the harvest of the crops, wherein the protective layer is at least one of shading materials such as field fine topsoil, soft crop straws, soft weeds and a sunshade net. By paving the protective layer on the mulching film, environmental conditions such as sunlight exposure, wind and rain are avoided, so that the aging and breaking process of the mulching film is effectively slowed; the using amount of mulching films is reduced by effectively prolonging the service life of the mulching films; and meanwhile, relatively intact residual films are preserved for recovery, so that the aims of saving cost, synergizing and reducing white pollution are fulfilled.

An intercropping method of potato and dandelion is a potato planting method. The invention is intended to solve the problem that in the existing potato planting process, rainfall and crushing from agricultural machinery affect the quality and yield of potato. The intercropping method comprises: I, preparing a land; II, digging drain ditches; III, filling the drain ditches, sowing dandelion and applying film; IV, after emergence of dandelion seedlings, guiding the dandelion seedlings out of pores of the film, and earthing around the roots of the dandelion seedlings; V, planting potato; VI, managing a field; VII, harvesting potato; VIII, stagewise harvesting dandelion. The intercropping method has the advantages that potato yield can be increased by 5-10% based on the prior art, the yield per mu of dandelion stem and leaf reaches 1800-2000 kg, and 600-800 cubic meters of straws are consumed per hectare. The intercropping method is applicable to potato planting.

The invention discloses a microbial enzyme compound bacterium fertilizer for organic planting soil improvement and a preparation method of the fertilizer. The microbial enzyme compound bacterium fertilizer is prepared from organic fertilizers and microbial enzyme preparations, wherein the organic fertilizers comprise livestock manure and brown coal, and the microbial enzyme preparations comprise nearly hundreds of microbial enzymes belonging to 8 families and 12 genera. Humic acid can be obtained by biochemical reaction, the content of organic matters is effectively increased, soil can be improved, high nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium components can be supplemented, fertilizer effects are improved, and the microbial enzyme compound bacterium fertilizer is an excellent product replacinga chemical fertilizer. The stress resistance of crops can be enhanced, bacteria are inhibited by bacteria to inhibit soil-borne diseases, yield is increased, quality is improved, and economic benefitsare increased.

The invention relates to a seeder, in particular to a thinning-free accurate seeder applicable to cereal seeding, solving the technical problem of seeds germination percentage influenced by simple designs of the existing seeders during quantitative seeding. The thinning-free accurate seeder comprises a frame. A depth limiting wheel is arranged at the front of the frame. A seed pressing wheel is arranged at the back of the frame. The middle part of the frame is provided with a material box. A soil covering device is arranged behind the seed pressing wheel. The material box is divided into a seed loading box and a fertilizer loading box. The lower part of the material box is provided with a seed and fertilizer discharging device. The seed and fertilizer discharging device is linked with a shaft of the seed pressing wheel by a transmission. The seed and fertilizer discharging device is respectively communicated with the seed loading box and the fertilizer loading box. The lower part of the frame is provided with a ditching soil-expanding device. The front side of the ditching soil-expanding device is provided with a pointed shovel which is arranged in a downwardly-oblique direction. Two sides of the ditching soil-expanding device are provided with soil blocking plates. Wet soil forced inlets are arranged at the back parts of the soil blocking plates. The thinning-free accurate seeder realizes high germination percentage and high soil water utilization rate. In addition, no seeding ditches are formed after the seeding and soil hardening does not easily take place after raining,therefore, the risk of seedling shortage caused by raining is effectively reduced.

The invention relates to special organic composite fertilizer of the citrus residues of citrus, which is prepared by the following steps of: adopting raw materials comprising organic matters, urea, monoammonium phosphate and potassium sulfate, carrying out fermentation treatment on the organic matters firstly, then adding the assistant materials of the urea, the monoammonium phosphate and the potassium sulfate according to the mixture ratio of 2.5 to 2.8 percent: 0.12 to 0.16 percent:0.7 to 1.3 percent of the elements of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium accounting for the total mass percent, afterwards killing insects, sterilizing, granulating, drying, cooling, sieving and coating. The composite fertilizer is rich in the organic matters, the content of the organic matters exceeds 20 percent, and the organic matters are rich in humic acid; and the preparation method in the invention better solves the problem of treatment of the peels and the residues of the citrus.

The invention discloses a reconstruction repair agent for irrigation-free afforestation vegetation in an arid region and a use method. The repair agent is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 60 to 80 parts of natural sodium bentonite ore powder and 20 to 40 parts of weathered coal ore powder. The repair agent is a mixture of the natural sodium bentonite ore powder with the fineness of 100 to 120 meshes and the weathered coal ore powder with the fineness of 80 to 100 meshes. The structural characteristic of the repair agent is to synergize; the repair agent has the advantages of preserving soil moisture, remediating soil, improving saline-alkali soil and increasing soil organic matters; the repair agent can adsorb a large amount of water, nutrients and polluting heavymetal ions; particularly, osmotic pressure of the repair agent is lower than that of a vegetation root system; even if the repair agent loses water, the condition that water of plant root systems isreversely adsorbed is avoided. The repair agent disclosed by the invention is favorable for eliminating the bottleneck of reconstruction of the irrigation-free afforestation vegetation in the arid region and has promoting effects on the irrigation-free afforestation in arid regions with annual precipitation of 50 mm or above; the repair agent has the advantages of being simple in processing, freeof toxicity or harm, free of pollution to environment and long in service life; the survival rate of planted seedlings reaches 80 percent or above, the preservation rate is 75 percent or above, and the increment of nursery stock is improved.

The invention belongs to the field of agriculture and forestry application, and particularly relates to a water and soil conservation type degradable liquid mulching film and preparation and application thereof. The water and soil conservation type degradable liquid mulching film is specifically prepared from, by weight, 14%-16% of polyvinyl alcohol, 2%-4% of silica sol, 3%-10% of calcium lignosulphonate, 3%-5% of cross-linking agents, 1%-2% of defoaming agents, 1%-3% of soluble starch, 4%-5% of Twain (80), 1%-3% of glycerin, 1%-2% of blade dye and the balance water. According to the mulching film, the defects that an existing liquid mulching film on the market is poor in film-forming property and tensile strength, high in moisture permeability, prone to being damaged after being formed on the soil surface and unobvious in spraying effect are overcome; a liquid mulching film stock solution is diluted with water, fully stirred and then sprayed on the soil surface of planted land, the nanometer materials of the solution can effectively fill the binding positions of macromolecular hydrophilic groups and active sites on soil particles, and the surface-layer soil particles are bonded on the soil surface to form a black dense special soil film structure.

The invention discloses a preparation method of phosphorus-modified biochar, which comprises the following steps: carrying out high-temperature carbonization on agricultural wastes to obtain biochar,and further carrying out ball milling on the biochar and red phosphorus according to a certain ratio, thereby loading the red phosphorus onto the biochar in the ball milling process to form the phosphorus-modified biochar. The phosphorus-modified biochar can be used for treating heavy metal pollution of a water body; slow oxidation can also be carried out in a soil environment, and conversion intophosphoric acid is realized, hydrogen ions and phosphate radicals are released, the hydrogen ions can increase the pH of the soil, the phosphate radicals can maintain the level of available phosphorus in the soil for a long time by precipitating and complexing the heavy metal ions and calcium and magnesium ions, and the purpose of synergistically treating heavy metal pollution and salinization ofthe soil is achieved.

The invention provides a cotton field soil plough layer reconstruction and matched cultivation method. The method comprises steps as follows: in a cotton planting area, before winter and after autumn harvest, 2-3 m<3> of organic fertilizer is applied to the cotton field soil surface per mu; a soil layer of 0-20 cm and a soil layer of 20-40 cm are exchanged by the aid of a rotary deep-tillage plough, and a soil layer of 40-60 cm is loosened; fertilizer is applied to the soil surface 7-10 days before the next cotton planting season, 15-20 kg of urea, 10-12 kg of diammonium phosphate and 20-25 kg of potassium chloride are applied per mu, irrigation is performed, and the irrigation amount per mu is 80-100 m<3>; rotary tillage, harrowing and smoothing are performed on soil in the cotton planting season, and a cotton variety with the growth period not shorter than 130 days is selected for seeding; pruning is not performed after buds appear on cotton plants, and the seedling reserving density is 3000-3200 plant / mu; irrigation is performed once between the bud stage to the initial flowering stage, and the irrigation amount is 40-50 m<3> / mu; 0.5-0.7 g of mepiquat chloride is sprayed per mu at the bud stage, 1.5-2.0 g of mepiquat chloride is sprayed per mu at the initial flowering stage, and 2.5-3.0 g of mepiquat chloride is sprayed per mu at the full-bloom stage. With the adoption of the method, physical and chemical properties of cotton field soil are improved, nutrients are balanced, and the cotton yield is increased.

Provided are a composition based on preventing pear trees from fruit cracking, and a fertilization method and application thereof. The composition based on preventing the pear trees from the fruit cracking is characterized in that the composition contains a fruit surface protective agent and a fertilizer reagent, wherein the fruit surface protective agent is set to contain pumpkin crude extract and aloe crude extract, and the fertilizer reagent is set to contain a mineral composition, water retention agent, humic acid, sheep manure, pig manure, Bacillus mucilaginosus and arbuscular mycorrhizalfungi. The composition based on preventing the pear trees from the fruit cracking has the advantages of protecting peel from external stimulation through the fruit surface protective agent forming aprotective film on the fruit of the pear trees, and satisfying the demand for mineral elements and moisture in the growth period of pear fruit, preventing fruit cracking and improving commodity performance of the fruit through the fertilizer reagent.

The invention discloses a method for controlling salt and saving water of nutritional soil for planting crops on a mudflat saline-alkali land. The method comprises the following steps of: determining a salt control target value according to a salt-tolerance threshold of planted crops; restraining salt content and making moisture by irrigating soil moisture water into the mudflat saline-alkali land; performing deep plowing and deep tillage after the soil is dry; paving crushed crop straws under the surface of the soil; seeding after leveling the land; and finally returning the crop straws intothe land for covering a sown land surface. Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, water resource is saved; and the irrigation amount can be reduced in the growth and development stages of the crops. When the soil moisture water is irrigated before sowing, because a four-electrode salt content sensor is adopted for monitoring a desalting process of the soil in real time, an irrigation salt control target and irrigation stop time are defined, and water resource loss is reduced; simultaneously, the straws are buried deeply and covered on the land surface, continuous damage caused by a capillary action is caused; an uplink surface congregation effect of the salt content in subsoil and underground water is prevented; soil salt return is inhibited effectively without irrigating for washing the salt in a dry season so that the water resource is saved; in addition, water loss is reduced because of the coverage on the surface of the land, the moisture keeping effect of the soil is improved and the irrigation amount in the growth and development stage of the crops can be reduced.

The invention relates to a method for producing melons rich in organic selenium, which includes the following steps: (1) laying the mixture of gravels and coarse sand on a flat or slightly sloped ground and leveling the mixture for later use; and (2) when sowing the seeds of the melons, excavating the gravels and coarse sand, leaving a small pit, laying soil in the pit, then sowing the seeds, and finally covering the seeds with soil. The gravels laid on the seeds have water and soil conservation function, therefore, the method has superiority in semiarid and arid lands. The melons rich in organic selenium produced through the method have the advantage that the melons have stable quality and are green selenium-rich melons rich in organic selenium which can be above 70%. The selenium is high in safety, has no toxic and side-effects and is easy to be absorbed by human body and the detention period in the body is long, so selenium reserve is easy to build up in the body.

The invention relates to a fertilizer composition for a gold pear tree and a fertilizer applying method. The fertilizer composition is prepared from the following components of mineral composition, humic acid, sheep manure, pig manure, bacillus mucilaginosus and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. The fertilizer composition has the advantages that by adopting the mineral composition, the requirement onmineral elements of gold pear of the gold pear tree can be met; by adopting the bacillus mucilaginosus, the soluble elements are released to the mineral composition, the generation of iron head disease is prevented, and the fruit commodity property of the gold pear is improved.

The invention discloses landscaping weeding equipment which comprises a soil covering device, a copying device, a fertilizer device, a rack, a land wheel device, a deep scarification device and a weeding device. The fertilizer device is arranged above the rack, the land wheel device is arranged at one end of the rack, the deep scarification device is arranged below the rack, the copying device is arranged at the other end of the rack, and the weeding device and the soil covering device are both connected with the copying device. According to the landscaping weeding equipment, a mechanical weeding measure is used, a good promoting effect is achieved on growing of corps, meanwhile, the ecological environment can be better protected, pesticide residues on the corps by chemical weeding are reduced, and the organic content of the corps is improved. Multiple items of work are achieved by one machine, and the agronomic requirements for intertillage, deep scarification, side deep fertilizer applying, weeding and soil covering can be completely met. Meanwhile, soil moisture conservation capacity is improved, combination operation of deep scarification, fertilizer applying, soil covering, weeding and the like reduces investment cost and operation processes, and popularization and using value is achieved.

The invention provides a construction method of a submerged plough layer for promoting rooting of crops in a saline and alkaline land and belongs to the technical field of soil plowing.The submerged plough layer is formed by a fertile layer and a surface soil layer.The fertile layer is located at the thickness of 10-30 cm under the earth surface.A high-fertility mixture for fertilizing soil is added to the fertile layer.The surface soil layer is located at the thickness of 10 cm under the earth surface.The surface soil layer is ditched for planting plants, and roots of the plants are close to the submerged plough layer, so that the threat to the crops from salt accumulating on the earth surface is reduced.The physical and chemical properties of soil are improved, the soil moisture conservation effect of the plough layer is improved, during the harvesting period, the crops subjected to fertilization treatment of the submerged plough layer grow well, and the water utilization rate is high; after water of the equal amount is irrigated, the desalting rate of the soil of the submerged plough layer is remarkably higher than that of turning-over plowing treatment.

Leftovers in the phosphate fertilizer production process and materials capable of being obtained locally are used as raw materials, physical and chemical properties of the raw materials are fully utilized, and engineering technologies in the field of materials are applied to agricultural activities. The invention provides a material and a method for effectively reducing or avoiding the phenomena of water seepage and water leakage of a ginger nut layer and transforming the structure of the ginger nut layer. The phenomena of water seepage and water sprinkling of the ginger nut layer after grouting are remarkably reduced or even avoided, the purpose of improving the soil moisture conservation capacity is achieved, the purpose of transforming a dry field which cannot be used for paddy field cultivation due to water seepage and water leakage of the ginger nut layer under ploughing into a paddy field is achieved, and the material and the method have the following advantages: raw materials are easy to obtain, and economical property and low cost are achieved.

The invention discloses a wheat after-sowing compacting seedling strengthening method based on rice straw returning application.The method includes the steps that when rice is harvested, base fertilizer is applied in time after rice straw returning application, and a stubble cleaning rotary cultivator is selected for work, wherein the rotary tillage depth is required to be 12-15 cm, and the rice straw burying rate is larger than or equal to 80%; a cylindrical compacting machine and a 15-20-horsepower walking tractor are selected, and compacting is conducted within 0-10 days after wheat is sown, wherein the compacting strength ranges from 1.5*104 Pa to 2.8*104 Pa, and the absolute moisture content of clayed soil and partially sandy soil needs to be smaller than or equal to 24%; mechanical ditching is conducted in time after compacting is finished, inside and outside three-ditch matching is conducted, ditch mud is evenly thrown, coverage is improved, exposed seeds are reduced, and anti-freezing seedling conservation is achieved.According to the method, the volume weight of soil sowing layers can be increased, the defects that soil is too loose and ventilation water consuming is rapid due to straw returning application are reduced, soil moisture preserving capacity is remarkably improved, seeds and soil are more tightly jointed, seedling emergence of wheat is promoted, and full stand of seedlings is achieved at a time of sowing; the quality of the wheat seedlings is improved, the anti-freezing capacity of the wheat is improved, and the full stand of the seedlings, seedling homogenizing and seedling strengthening can be achieved.

The invention discloses a method for improving photosynthetic characteristics of wheat. The method comprises the following steps: S1: applying base fertilizers; S2: sowing; S3: pouring water; S4: topdressing; S5: re-pouring water. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, utilizing ridge sowing technology to sow wheat such that ridges can prevent wind and shield snow so that ground temperature is increased and soil moisture conservation is improved; adding soil moisture after snow in Spring thaws, which is good for green-returning and growth; topdressing nitrogen fertilizers in the jointing period of wheat so that freeze injury due to overgrowth at the initial stage is avoided and loss of nutrition is prevented as well as requirements for flowing at the later period and nutrition in a grouting period are met. Meanwhile, reduction in effective leaves, content of chlorophyll and photosynthetic rate in the later period of wheat slows down. Nitrogenous fertilizers are uniformly applied in furrows and easily absorbed and utilized. Therefore, utilization rate of fertilizers is high. Due to the small contact area between fertilizers and soil, nutrient elements are fixed at the lower degree with effective time longer than broadcast application.

The invention relates to a building method of a salinity-alkalinity low-production cropland fertile cultivation layer. The method comprises the following steps of digging furrows on a cultivation layer, wherein the bottom end of the furrows is connected with a plough bottom layer; filling soil improving agents into the furrows; laying surface soil onto the surface of the soil improving agents, wherein the top surface of the surface soil is aligned with the top end of the furrows, and the surface soil is cultivation layer soil around the furrows; planting plants on the surface soil. Compared with the prior art, the building method has the advantages that the operability is high; the building speed is high; the fast and effective salt elimination on the salinity-alkalinity low-production cropland cultivation layer can be realized in a short period; the salt elimination effect is obvious; the cropland soil fertility and the soil quality are improved; the growth condition of crops is good;the yield and the quality are greatly improved.

The invention relates to a special multielement long-acting compound fertilizer for citrus. The compound fertilizer comprises following components: 40-50% of nitrogen, 15-20% of phosphorus oxide, 10-15% of potassium oxide, 0.03-0.05% of zinc, 0.003-0.005% of molybdenum, 5-8% of ammonium sulfate, and 20-40% of water hyacinth leavening, preferably, the content of ammonium sulfate is 6%. The compound fertilizer is rich in organic matters, the content of the organic matters is over 20%, humic acid in the organic matters has a good acid-base buffering effect, can effectively improve the soil granular structure, improves exchange capacity of soil cations, regulates soil pH value, improves water retention performance of the soil, can stimulate the activity of the soil enzyme and reproduction of beneficial microorganism, improves the soil fertility structure, can effectively improve the activity of nutrient elements, and is superior to a single compound fertilizer in effect.