147results about How to "Reduce irrigation" patented technology

The invention discloses a controlled-salinity cultivation method for plating crop on moderate and medium and severe saline-alkali soil, comprising: before sowing, irrigating saline-alkali soil for pressing salt and making soil moisture with fresh water; applying base fertilizer based on the principal of organic fertilizer into the saline-alkali soil; meanwhile, applying compound fertilizer suitable for the saline-alkali soil as the assistant material; then, ploughing soil, and raking with a leveller to preserve soil moisture; furrowing and making a ridge; covering films and sowing on the high position of the ridge; carrying out close planting; and spraying growth regulator. The cultivation method has the advantages of strong adaptability and high crop output, can be used for improving the utilization ratio of the fertilizer, quickeing the soil fertility cultivation process and bringomg high agricultural use benefits.

Plant canopy temperature and multi-spectral reflectance are measured with a wireless multi-band sensor, and the temperature data are qualified and the spectral reflectance measurements are classified. The multi-band sensor includes sensors for measuring plant canopy temperature radiation and spectral reflectance over five bands, a microprocessor to receive and store measured data, and a wireless transmitter for transmitting data from the microprocessor to a remote receiver, all enclosed within a single housing. The data are used to detect variations in spectral signature due to plant stress (e.g., disease, water stress) and due to soil background and to qualify temperature data accordingly. The data provide information for decision support algorithms related to the initiation of automatic irrigation scheduling as a function of crop canopy cover, qualification of temperature data used in automatic irrigation scheduling algorithms, and detection of diseased crops for the purpose of withholding irrigations when yield potential is compromised.

A computer-based method for generating standardized emission reduction credits includes the steps of receiving site-specific data with respect to a geographic location regarding at least one variable impacting reduction of nitrous oxide in the atmosphere, retrieving data general to a geographic region encompassing the location regarding at least one variable impacting the nitrous oxide, processing the site-specific and the general data through a model running on a computer, to determine an approximate change in impact on the nitrous oxide at the location over a specified time period, conducting an uncertainty analysis on the approximate change at the location over the specified time period, via the computer, from the uncertainty analysis, identifying a quantity of emission reduction credits meeting an established standard of certainty as the standardized emission reduction credits; and reporting from the computer the identified quantity of the standardized emission reduction credits.

The invention discloses an intercropping furrow irrigation method which comprises the following steps: ridging and making channels in farmland and arranging at least two channels and three furrows, wherein each furrow is trapezoid, the bottom width of each channels is 60cm, the bottom width of each furrow is 60cm-105cm, the height of each furrow is 15cm-25cm, the included angle of each furrow side and each channel bottom is 30 degrees to 45 degrees; arranging the line spacing as 13cm-20cm if wheat is grown on the furrows, and arranging the line spacing as 20cm-30cm if soybean is grown on the furrow; growing two lines of corn in the channels, wherein the line spacing is 40cm-50cm, and the row spacing is 25cm-45cm; and irrigating farmland irrigation water in the channels when the crops are in the critical growth period. Compared with ground irrigation, by means of the intercropping furrow irrigation method, water can be saved by 30%-50%, yield can be increased by 10%-40%, the water use efficiency is obviously improved, and not only the economic benefits are significantly obtained, but also the resources can be saved. Therefore, the intercropping furrow irrigation method plays a significant role in stable and sustainable development of the agricultural ecosystem.

The invention discloses a compartment trench controlled irrigating paddy rice water-saving culturing method. The culturing method comprise she following steps of ploughing the soil, digging trenches, forming compartments, direct broadcasting or transplanting paddy rice, managing moisture and managing the field. A compartment and trench mode is employed for paddy rice plantation; based on different paddy rice growth periods, a circulating irrigation process with humid compartment surface soil and formed by full trench water-half trench water or full trench water-dry trench is achieved; paddy field compartment trench water level can be visually tested and compartment surface soil humidity can be determined, so irrigating time and amount can be determined and present intermittent irrigation technology can be optimized; irrigation water can be conserved; rain water and irrigation water utilization rate can be improved; and paddy rice yield can be maintained or improved.

The invention relates to a cotton cultivation method. The method comprises the following steps: sowing of cotton seeds and laying of drip irrigation pipes: sowing three rows of cotton seeds under a mulching film, laying a drip irrigation pipe on each row; drip irrigation of seedling emergence period water; drip irrigation of bud period water, wherein the maximum water holding amount of the soil in the bud period is 70%-80%, the drip irrigation liquid of the bud period water is clear water or a water and fertilizer mixed solution; drip irrigation of flowering and boll-setting period water, wherein the maximum water holding amount of the soil in the flowering and boll-setting period is 80%-90%, and the drip irrigation liquid of the flowering and boll-setting period water is a water and fertilizer mixed solution; drip irrigation of boll opening period water, wherein the maximum water holding amount of the soil in the boll opening period is 60%-70%, and the drip irrigation liquid of the boll opening period water is clear water or a water and fertilizer mixed solution. The method also comprises the steps: flowering and boll-setting period chemical topping, flowering and boll-setting period cotton spindling controlling, and ripening and defoliating. Water and fertilizer are saved, water, fertilizer and sunlight can be fully utilized by the cotton, the mechanical production is achieved, manpower and material resources are saved, and finally the cotton yield is improved.

The invention belongs to a sowing method of crops, in particular to a synchronously ditching, ridging, fertilizing and sowing method for precise direct hole-sowing of rice, which comprises the following steps: a. simultaneously arranging a plurality of parallel water storage ditches on a wet mud surface that is leveled; b. forming a ridge with a certain height between every two water storage ditches; c. arranging a sowing ditch and a fertilizing ditch on each ridge; d. adopting a hole-sowing mode to sow rice sprouts into the sowing ditches; and e. applying fertilizers into the bottom of the fertilizing ditches, adjusting the fertilizing amount according to agronomic requirements, earthing and flatly covering after fertilizing. The invention can realize that slow release fertilizers, controlled release fertilizers or other fertilizers can be quantitatively applied near root systems of rice in a targeted way, be convenient for the absorption of root systems and the growth of rice, decrease the using amount of fertilizers and further reduce the production cost of the rice and the pollution to the environment.

The invention discloses a tobacco mulching cultivation method. The nitrogen application rate is 52.5 kg / hm<2>, the ratio of basal fertilizer and top-dressing is 7:3, N:P2O5:K2O is equal to 1:1:3, the basal application materials include 3000 kg / hm<2> of decomposed sesame cake fertilizer, 60 kg / hm<2> of ammonium nitrate, 80 kg / hm<2> of phosphatic fertilizer, 191.4 kg / hm<2> of potassium sulfate, 37.5 kg / hm<2> of zinc sulfate, and 22.5 kg / hm<2> of boric acid, the topdressing materials in the rosette stage include 37 kg / hm<2> of potassium sulfate and 84 kg / hm<2> of potassium nitrate. In the process of transplanting, 15 kg / hm<2> of potassium nitrate is applied in a nest mode, a plastic film is covered, the plastic film is uncovered in the former half period of June, and 7500 kg / hm<2> of wheat straws are covered after earth up until harvest is finished. The tobacco mulching cultivation method is capable of keeping appropriate soil moisture and heat conditions in the growth period of tobacco, enables the tobacco to form a layering and well-developed frame-shaped root system, and is favorable for coordination of water, fertilizer, air and heat of soil.

The invention relates to a semi-opening greenhouse cultivation technology for a peach tree in a low-latitude plateau area. The technology is characterized in that a greenhouse frame is arranged on one surface of a greenhouse; a layer of inspect proof nets and a layer of heat preserving quilts sequentially cover the frame; the heat preserving quilts are controlled by a contracting and stretching bracket to the contracted and stretched, and therefore, the temperature in the greenhouse of the peach tree can be controlled in different growth periods and under the changeful air temperature condition at the low-latitude plateau area; meanwhile, the technologies like the water and fertilizer control technology and the special fruit bag utilizing technology are adopted, thus the damage factor under the natural condition is removed, and the natural growth state of the peach tree is remained to the maximum; the applied pesticide is about 20% that under the common planting condition, the applied chemical fertilizer is about 30% that under the common planting method, the water irrigated is about 40% that under the common planting condition, and the output is more than 150% that under the common planting condition; in addition, the peach quality is far more than that of common peach; the market price is the peach is more than 5 time that of the common peach.

The invention relates to a greening method for controlling and discharging salt stepwise in a coastal saline area. The greening method is characterized by comprising the following steps: constructing a floral band area, a shrub band area and a tree band area in sequence in an area to be improved; aiming at the floral band area, the shrub band area and the tree band area, arranging planting soil layers with the thicknesses of 40 to 60 cm, 65 to 80 cm and 100 to 120 cm respectively; arranging sprinkling layers with the thicknesses of 5 to 12 cm, 10 to 15 cm and 15 to 25 cm respectively below the planting soil layers, wherein the sprinkling layers are respectively made of straws with the diameter of 1 to 2 cm, coarse sand with the diameter of 0.5 to 2 mm, and graded broken stone with the diameter of 5 to 10 mm; geotextile externally-packaged drainage boards are arranged between different types of vegetation interfaces. According to the greening method, the buried depths of the sprinkling layers are arranged stepwise according to the plant species and root activity layer depths, so that the excavation and backfilling workload is greatly reduced, the construction period is shortened, and the cost is low.

The invention relates to an environment-friendly drop irrigation water-saving cultivation method for a winter wheat / summer maize crop rotation system. A winter wheat / summer maize planting spacing anddrop irrigation belt arrangement mode is developed, a water and fertilizer integrated implementation scheme for water conservation and fertilizer saving of the winter wheat / summer maize crop rotationsystem is built, and different agricultural water saving methods, drop irrigation platform automatic control systems, precise positioning tractors and multifunctional all-in-one machines are also used, so that an environment-friendly drop irrigation water-saving cultivation technology for the winter wheat / summer maize crop rotation system suitable for north China plain is formed. The water and fertilizer utilization efficiency is improved, the irrigation cost is reduced, and the effects of increasing the yield and improving the efficiency are achieved.

The invention discloses a forest water retention promoting agent which is characterized in that the agent essentially consists of the following components with the weight percentage of 10 to 30 percent of super absorbent resin; 0.001 to 0.02 percent of root growth promoting agent; 0.5 to 1.5 percent of antiseptic; 0.1 to 2 percent of physiological drought resistant activator; 3 to 6 percent of nitrogenous fertilizer; 1 to 2 percent of phosphate fertilizer; 1 to 2 percent of potash fertilizer; 0.5 to 5 percent of trace fertilizer and the rest are lofted water retention matters. The forest water retention promoting agent of the invention has the advantages of maintaining water and supplying water, promoting the growth of the root systems, enhancing the drought resistant capacities of the forests, improving the disease resistant capacity during a seedling stage, promoting the growth of the forest, shortening the growing period and increasing the economic benefits. The invention is an effective water saving specific product for afforestation and lawn greening.

A ornamental planting landscape irrigation distribution and reservoir product and method ecosystem employing a substantially continuous panel on the soil surface on which ornamental landscape plantings is placed or produced, the panel having a primary, lateral water distribution structure which distributes water from a water charging inlet through the lateral area to the panel periphery, where it is restrained, the primary water distribution structure being such that when filled with water or completely submerged in water air is trapped by the gaps and spaces of the material for ornamental landscape plant usage.

The invention discloses a lawn bed structure of an athletic sports lawn, belonging to the technical field of construction of lawn places. The lawn bed structure comprises bedding surfaces which are arranged from top to bottom and include lawn plants, a rooting zone layer, a non-woven fabric, water storage and drainage plate, a drain pipe and an original soil layer, wherein the water storage and drainage plate and the non-woven fabric are bonded into a whole, a complete entire sports ground is formed after laying, and soil in the rooting zone layer is directly laid on the non-woven fabric, so that the phenomenon of the surface unevenness of the sports ground, caused by soil leakage of the rooting zone layer, is avoided; the requirement on the use of sand in the rooting zone layer is low, and high-quality sand supplied in the general market can be directly taken as the soil for the rooting zone layer; the water storage and drainage plate has drainage and water storage functions, so that the water and fertilizer holding capabilities of the lawn bed of the athletic sports lawn can be enhanced, and the irrigation and the dosage of a fertilizer during the curing of the athletic sports lawn are reduced; and the lawn bed structure is convenient to build, and has low cost and a short construction period.

The invention relates to a method for preventing and removing rice weeds and weeds in direct seeding and interplanting seeding paddy, which pertains to a technical field of plant protection. The invention is mainly characterized in that: rice weed seeds and weed seeds left during direct seeding and interplanting seeding of last year are induced to grow; after former planted paddy is harvested, Glyphosate, a spray sterilant herbicide, is employed to prevent rice weeds and weeds, and solving the problem of incapability of removing older green weeds left during former planting paddy in direct seeding and interplanting seeding paddy; meanwhile, the Glyphosate has no effect on germination and growth of planted rice seeds and is environment friendly. The method for preventing and removing of the invention overcomes the shortages of incapability of employing chemical herbicides to remove rice weeds, worse and worse influence to normal direct seeding paddy, interplanting seeds, etc., and even destruction of cultivation and repeated displanting. The method for preventing and removing is in favor of paddy production in direct seeding and interplanting seeding and has significant social benefits.

The invention relates to a potato cultivation technology with high ridge films covered with soil. The potato cultivation technology is a cultivation method which comprises the steps of ridging, seeding, film mulching, soil casing, temperature regulating, soil moisture preserving and water saving. The potato cultivation technology is mainly used for solving the problem of water resource shortage and achieving the purposes of efficiency, water conservation, high yield and the like. Compared with a traditional method, the potato cultivation technology has the advantages that plants can naturally rupture out of the films and sprout, weeds are killed, salt and alkali are reduced, soil moisture is preserved, temperature is regulated, and green potatoes and deformed potatoes are reduced. The potato cultivation technology can effectively lower chemical pollution, save labor cost, improve water using efficiency, and improve yield and quality of potatoes.

The invention provides an efficient and environment friendly irrigation method for rices in a cold region, which relates to a rice irrigation method. The invention is to solve problems of water waste, low water production efficiency, poor resistance ability and low rainwater utilization rate in the traditional irrigation method for the rices in the cold region. The method comprises the following steps of: first irrigating the rices according to water usage of 80-120 m3 / acre in a field dipping stage of the rice; and then dipping the field for 3-5 days; controlling water usage of a rice field in a rice seedling establishment stage, an early tillering stage, a middle tillering stage, a jointing-booting stage, a heading-flowering stage and a milk-ripe stage between a lower limit and an upper limit, wherein the lower limit is that the water content in the soil of the rice field is the saturated water content of 70-90%, and the upper limit is that the water depth of the rice field is 0.1-3 cm; keeping the water content in the soil of the rice field at the soil saturated water content of 70-80% in a later rice tillering stage; and supplementing once irrigation to the rice field in an early rice yellow ripening stage; and then naturally drying the rice field by air. The efficient and environment friendly irrigation method for the rices in the cold region, provided by the invention, is mainly used for irrigating the rices in the cold regions.

A surgical irrigation system having reduced irrigation flow resistance. Reduction in irrigation fluid flow resistance is achieved by increasing the diameter of the irrigation fluid tubings. The ends of the tubings are tapered to reduce the stiffness of the tubings and to allow the tubings to be connected to current surgical devices.

The invention discloses a method for siphoning and drip-irrigating fruit trees and woods. A container for storing water is arranged on one side of trees or the ground between two trees, water contains fertilizers or medicines prepared according to needs; one hole with a certain depth is drilled in tree root soil; one end of a hose capable of controlling flow rate is arranged in the water container, the other end of the hose is arranged in the hole of the tree root soil, the water is dripped in the hole through controlling the flow rate of a solution in the hose, the hole is covered. The method for siphoning and drip-irrigating is used for irrigating fruit trees and woods so as to drip the water, the fertilizers and the medicines tighter into the root area, thereby not only saving the water quantity of irrigating fruit gardens greatly, but also providing nutrition to prevent and treat diseases and pests. The invention has advantages of simple apparatus, easy operation and fewer labors, and can improve the yield of the fruit trees and the woods by over 20%.

Disclosed is a drip irrigation planting method for crop rotation of arch-shed onions and cantaloupes in an open field. According to the method, in the open field, arch-shed planting of the onions is conducted in spring, and direct-sowing planting of the cantaloupes is conducted in autumn. By means of the method, the planting structure can be adjusted, crop rotation within one year is achieved, the soil structure is improved, the occurrence of the continuous cropping obstacles of the cantaloupes is prevented, the use of pesticide, fertilizer and irrigation water is reduced, the production cost is reduced, and the quality of the cantaloupes is improved; through crop rotation, two-season cultivation within one year is achieved; compared with the modes of intercropping of cotton and cantaloupes, planting of cantaloupes in spring and autumn and crop-rotation furrow (flooding) irrigation planting of cantaloupes and sorghum, the economic benefits are high, the incidence rate of diseases and pests is low, the land utilization rate is high, the technology is easy to popularize, and the ecological benefits are obvious.

Plant canopy images and temperature are acquired with a wireless computer vision instrument, and the temperature data are qualified and pixels within the image are classified. The instrument includes sensors for measuring plant radiation due to canopy temperature and an imaging sensor which collects data over four bands, a microprocessor to receive and store and process measured data from the sensors, and a wireless transmitter for transmitting data from the microprocessor to a remote receiver. The data are used to detect plant stress and canopy cover percentage and to qualify temperature data accordingly. The data from the sensors provide information for decision support algorithms related to the initiation of automatic irrigation scheduling as a function of crop canopy cover and water stress, the qualification of temperature data used in automatic irrigation scheduling algorithms, and the detection of diseased crops for the purpose of withholding irrigations when yield potential is compromised.

The invention discloses a hydro-fluctuation belt ecological repairing system. The system comprises a soil solidifying pad and a plant protection pad, wherein the soil solidifying pad is laid on a soilbody of the hydro-fluctuation belt, and the plant protection pad is laid on the soil solidifying pad and is of a three-dimensional hollow structure; and the system further comprises anchoring devicesused for fixing the soil solidifying pad and the plant protection pad on the soil body of the hydro-fluctuation belt; a plant seed layer or a plant rhizome layer is arranged between the soil solidifying pad and the plant protection pad. The invention further discloses a hydro-fluctuation belt bank slope greening protection method. The system and the method have the advantages that the ecologicalrepairing capability is better, the plant growth can be more convenient, and the construction operation can be more convenient.

The invention discloses a method for irrigating forage maize. The method comprises the following steps: 1) arranging at least three plots, wherein each plot comprises 17 small borders; each border is 1150cm long and 120cm wide; and the bottom of a border dike is 15-20cm wide, 15-20cm high and 1150cm long; 2) arranging moisture isolation zones with width of 100-150cm among the plots in the step 1) and arranging 4 lines of plants on each border, wherein the line spacing of the plants on each border is 30-40cm; and the spacing between the plants in each line is 30-35cm; and 3) carrying out anti-seepage treatment with greenhouse films among the moisture isolation zones in the step 2) and covering the borders in the step 2) with agricultural films. The method has the beneficial effect of more comprehensively studying the effect of water saving irrigation water on the output and quality of the forage maize straws under the condition of regulation and control.

The invention discloses an irrigation method enabling the soil moisture content to be appropriate for mangos. The method comprises the steps that the soil moisture contents of the autumn shoot sprouting period, the flower bud differentiation period, the blooming and fruiting period, the fruit expanding period and the mature period are maintained to be 80%-90%, 60%-75%, 70%-80%, 80%-90% and 50%-75% respectively, trimming is carried out after fruit picking and before autumn shoot sprouting, 2-3 batches of autumn shoots are cultivated in the autumn shoot sprouting period, the soil moisture content is maintained at 80%-85% after the last autumn shoot sprouting, and if the soil moisture content is higher than 95%, roots are cut off to control water absorption; when drought happens in the flower bud differentiation period, watering is carried out once before blooming; when drought happens in the fruit expanding period, watering is carried out 10-15 days after flower drop and before physiological fruit drop; when drought happens in the mature period, watering is carried out within early 10 days of the mature period. Mango water need changes and the irrigation method in the whole growth period are firstly and comprehensively studied, scientific basis is provided for guiding agricultural water-saving irrigation, and the method has important guiding significance to improving self-management capacity of the mass peasants on mangos.

The invention discloses an urban road sponge engineering system combining pavement maintenance, and belongs to the technical field of urban road drainage and rainwater utilization. A sidewalk pavement is kept invariable, original structures of the portions under surface layers of a motorway and a non-motorized vehicle lane are retained, the thickness of the motorway and the thickness of the non-motorized vehicle lane are both decreased by 20-40 mm, then a water-permeable surface layer is repaved, the thickness of the water-permeable surface layer is 40-50 mm, and the outer edge of the water-permeable surface layer is next to a water collecting side trench cover plate; water collecting side trenches are arranged along a road flat curb on the outer side of the motorway and a road flat curb between the non-motorized vehicle lane and the sidewalk respectively, and the water collecting side trenches are connected with circular water permeating and storing tanks and square water permeating and storing tanks through oblique collecting pipes and connected with municipal rainwater pipes through overflow pipes. The invention further discloses a construction method of the system. Accordingly, an old urban road pavement is maintained and repaired, an existing sewage system is not changed, the downstream drainage burden is effectively reduced, pollution of initial pavement rainwater pollution to a downstream water body is avoided, and the practicability is achieved.

The invention discloses a remote control type multi-way energy saving irrigation valve. The remote control type multi-way energy saving irrigation valve comprises a valve body, a sealing body, a water outflow valve and an adjusting motor. A baffle in the valve body is connected with the sealing body through a supporting rod. A sealing ring is arranged between the sealing body and the inner wall of the valve body. Water inflow holes and a water outflow channel are arranged on the sealing body. A screw is installed in a screw groove in the top end of the sealing body and connected with the adjusting motor through a speed reducer. A controller and an infrared receiver are further installed at the top end of the valve body. The infrared receiver and the adjusting motor are connected to the controller. A sealing pad and a water outflow pipe are arranged in a water outflow port in the side wall of the valve body. A connecting rod with a spring is arranged between the water outflow valve on the water outflow port and the water outflow pipe. Multiple joints on the edge of the water outflow valve and a joint in the center of the water outflow valve are all provided with electromagnetic regulating valves. By the adoption of the electromagnetic regulating valve, a three-level valve structure is adopted, the situation that water leaks due to the fact that the valve fails is effectively avoided, the economical irrigation purpose is achieved, water resources are saved, the water outflow is controlled in real time in a remote control manner, and the irrigation efficiency and the irrigation effect are improved.

The invention discloses a subarea optimization method for a crop irrigation system in an underground water shallow-buried area. The method comprises the steps of obtaining local historical data; based on the local historical data, utilizing an Aquacrop model to obtain first simulation yield and simulation water consumption of each growth stage of crop wheat in different areas under different set irrigation systems, wherein different areas take set groundwater burial depths as partition boundaries; according to all the first simulated yields and the simulated water consumption of the corresponding growth stages, acquiring second simulated yields of all the regional crops under the water production function models and stage sensitivity coefficients or indexes of the different growth stages by adopting the set multiple water production function models; calculating a decision coefficient between the first simulated yield and the second simulated yield; determining an optimal moisture production function model corresponding to each region by adopting a phase sensitive coefficient or an index and a decision coefficient; and taking the stage sensitive coefficient or index under the optimal moisture production function model as an irrigation decision variable, and obtaining an irrigation system by using Aquacrop in combination with a set irrigation quota.

The invention relates to a crop cultivation method, in particular to a micro-ridge film-covering hole sowing water-saving cultivation method for closely planted crops in irrigation areas. The micro-ridge film-covering hole sowing water-saving cultivation method for the closely planted crops in the irrigation areas is characterized in that the yield-increasing mechanism adopting micro-ridge film-covering furrow irrigation, temperature rising, soil moisture preservation, rainwater harvesting and water saving is utilized, the moisture and fertilizer using efficiency is improved, agricultural microclimate is improved, a soil structure is changed, a photosynthesis environment is optimized, the production limitation problem caused by drought factors on the closely planted crops for a long time is effectively solved, and the yields of spring wheat, malting barley, oilseed rape and other closely planted crops are improved remarkably.

The invention discloses a fertilization and irrigation method for promoting rice glumous flower differentiation and reducing degradation. The method is characterized by sequentially comprising the following steps that 1, rice base fertilizer is applied in a rice field before rice seedlings are transplanted, and the total nitrogen content of the rice base fertilizer is controlled to be 90-110 kg / ha, wherein the rice base fertilizer is composed of inorganic fertilizer and organic fertilizer, the nitrogen content of the organic fertilizer accounts for 60-70% of the total nitrogen content of the rice base fertilizer, and the nitrogen content of the inorganic fertilizer accounts for 30-40% of the total nitrogen content of the rice base fertilizer; 2, after transplanting, a chlorophyll instrument is adopted for measuring the SPAD value of leaves in the tillering early stage, the four leaf stage and the second leaf stage, and the nitrogen application amount is determined according to the SPAD value for variable topdressing; 3, moisture is precisely managed according to the stage of growth and development and set minimum soil water potential. The problem that too much nitrogen is accumulated in the plants in the spike differentiation process of modern high-yield rice varieties, particularly large-panicle super hybrid rice varieties to cause reduction of the number of final kernels per spike is solved, the yield is improved, and nitrogen fertilizer consumption and water irrigation amount are reduced.

The invention relates to a root-rapid-growth afforestation method by digging. The method comprises the steps of firstly preparing the soil; secondly excavating planting pits; thirdly excavating root-rapid-growth pits on the basis of the planting pits; fourthly placing plant straws in the root-rapid-growth pits and making one end or / and the intermediate of the plant straws be close to the plantingpits; fifthly backfilling the root-rapid-growth pits; sixthly planting trees in the planting pits; seventhly cultivating the trees. By changing local soil structure and environment, increasing soil porosity and fertility, the method provided by the invention enables the root to grow rapidly along straws, improving the survival rate and the preservation rate of the afforestation trees and the overall effect ofthe afforestation, shortening the seedling recovery period of trees and promoting the normal growth and development of trees in young growth period. On the other hand, in an area with a high underground water level, this method can be employed to enable the root of trees to quickly reach the underground water area, effectively reducing irrigation amount and irrigation times.