41 results about "Agricultural ecosystems" patented technology

The invention discloses an intercropping furrow irrigation method which comprises the following steps: ridging and making channels in farmland and arranging at least two channels and three furrows, wherein each furrow is trapezoid, the bottom width of each channels is 60cm, the bottom width of each furrow is 60cm-105cm, the height of each furrow is 15cm-25cm, the included angle of each furrow side and each channel bottom is 30 degrees to 45 degrees; arranging the line spacing as 13cm-20cm if wheat is grown on the furrows, and arranging the line spacing as 20cm-30cm if soybean is grown on the furrow; growing two lines of corn in the channels, wherein the line spacing is 40cm-50cm, and the row spacing is 25cm-45cm; and irrigating farmland irrigation water in the channels when the crops are in the critical growth period. Compared with ground irrigation, by means of the intercropping furrow irrigation method, water can be saved by 30%-50%, yield can be increased by 10%-40%, the water use efficiency is obviously improved, and not only the economic benefits are significantly obtained, but also the resources can be saved. Therefore, the intercropping furrow irrigation method plays a significant role in stable and sustainable development of the agricultural ecosystem.

The invention relates to a method for retarding agricultural non-point source pollution by comprehensively applying biological carbon and a nitrification inhibitor, belongs to the field of agricultural non-point source pollution research, and is dedicated to retarding non-point source pollution caused by nitrogen gas losses and subsequent atmospheric deposition in a paddy field and vegetable field ecosystem. According to the method, the biological carbon and the nitrification inhibitor are applied in fields of a rice-wheat crop rotation rice field and intensive vegetable cultivation ecosystem, therefore emission of gaseous nitrogen, such as N2O and NOx, is effectively reduced, and the atmospheric deposition is reduced to retard the non-point source pollution; the utilization rate and the yield of crops are increased, and nitrate nitrogen content of soil and migration of nitrate nitrogen to a water body are reduced to retard the non-point source pollution. The method is a brand-new, rapid, simple and efficient non-point source pollution retarding method, can be used for a wide variety of agricultural ecosystems, is convenient to operate and easily available in material, can be widely applied to prevention and control research on the agricultural non-point source pollution to paddy fields and vegetable fields, and provides an effective means for deeply researching the agricultural non-point source pollution.

The invention discloses saline-alkali tolerant trichoderma harzianum and application thereof. The strain number of the saline-alkali tolerant trichoderma harzianum disclosed by the invention is 29HB16; the accession number of the saline-alkali tolerant trichoderma harzianum in a general microorganism center of the China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms is CGMCC No.7975. The trichoderma longibrachiatum 29HB16 disclosed by the invention can tolerate salt stress caused by less than 80 g/L of salinity, and alkali stress of which pH is less than 8.0; the trichoderma harzianum 29HB16 disclosed by the invention is imported to saline alkali soil; a fungal disease can be effectively prevented and treated by biological control; an environment can be effectively improved; balance of an agricultural ecological system is maintained.

The invention provides an illumination-adjustment-based crop planting ecological system suitable for the deep ground environment, and belongs to the technical field of plant cultivation. The deep ground agricultural ecosystem is an underground space in any depth range of 100-5000 meters underground, and comprises an artificial space and an original deep ground space. A crop planting area is arranged in the artificial space, and the original deep ground space and the artificial space are communicated with each other to form a semi-closed space structure. A temperature control system, a moisturecontrol system, a gas control system and an illumination control system are constructed in the ecological system. By means of various manual regulation means, the deep ground high-temperature environment can be well controlled reasonably, effective control over the deep ground high-temperature environment is achieved, survival of planted crops is basically realized, and a reference and directionare provided for the development of deep ground agriculture.

The invention provides a method for preparing biochar based slow release fertilizers by utilizing macadamia nut shells and sorghum straws. The method is characterized by taking the macadamia nut shells and the sorghum straws as raw materials to prepare modified biochar through anaerobic pyrolysis and then mixing the modified biochar with cow dung biogas residues, chemical fertilizers, urease inhibitors, nitrification inhibitors, and the like, thus preparing high-efficiency slow release fertilizers. The prepared slow release fertilizers are simple in production process, accessible in raw materials and low in production cost, can not only conduce to effectively increasing the use ratios of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and reducing nutrient loss but also conduce to improving the soil quality and the agricultural product quality, and are beneficial to benign development of agricultural ecosystems.

The invention discloses a high efficient biological composite alga fertilizer, which is composed of the following raw materials by weight: 100 kilograms of alga liquid, 0.1 to 0.3 kilogram of composite amino acid, 0.8 to 0.9 kilogram of biochemical fulvic acid, 20 to 30 kilograms of urea, 3 to 6 kilograms of salicylic acid, 0.3 to 0.6 kilogram of streptomycin sulphate, 2 to 3 kilograms of calcium superphosphate, 0.5 to 0.8 kilogram of potassium sulfate, and 3 to 5 kilograms of boric acid. The provided fertilizer can increase the content of organic substances in soil, achieves the goals of fertilizing the soil, obtaining a stable and high output, and increasing the output and incomes, and creates a good agricultural ecosystem. The fulvic acid can be easily dissolved in water, so no flocculation or precipitation is generated after compounding the fulvic acid with various chemical fertilizers. The nutrient content is high, the fertilizing effect is quick, the utilization of the nutrients in the fertilizer is high in the current quarter, and the economic and social profits are good.

The invention provides a method for preparing biochar based slow release fertilizers by utilizing Chinese torreya shells and sorghum straws. The method is characterized by taking the Chinese torreya shells and the sorghum straws as raw materials to prepare modified biochar through anaerobic pyrolysis and then mixing the modified biochar with cow dung biogas residues, chemical fertilizers, urease inhibitors, nitrification inhibitors, and the like, thus preparing high-efficiency slow release fertilizers. The prepared slow release fertilizers are simple in production process, accessible in raw materials and low in production cost, can not only conduce to effectively increasing the use ratios of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and reducing nutrient loss but also conduce to improving the soil quality and the agricultural product quality, and are beneficial to benign development of agricultural ecosystems.

The invention relates to a process for manufacturing organic fertilizer from organic wastes. In the process, urban sludge and excrement of livestock and poultry are used as raw materials, and crushed straw plants and additives such as indigenous bacteria, filamentous bacteria, bacteria, actinomycetes, lactic acid bacteria, saccharomycetes and the like are added to manufacture the organic fertilizer. By using the organic fertilizer manufactured by the invention, the fertilizer investment can be reduced, the rural environment can be protected, a good agricultural ecosystem can be created, and the purposes of fertilizing soil, realizing stable and high yield and increasing yield and income can be achieved.

A specialized conditioning protocol for honeybees that is designed for use within a complex agricultural ecosystem. This method ensures that the conditioned bees will be less likely to exhibit a conditioned response to uninfected plants, a false positive response that would render such a biological sensor unreliable for agricultural decision support. Also described is a superboosting training regime that allows training without the aid of expensive equipment and protocols for training in out in the field. Also described is a memory enhancing cocktail that aids in long term memory retention of a vapor signature. This allows the bees to be used in the field for longer durations and with fewer bees trained overall.

The invention provides a method for preparing biochar based slow release fertilizers by utilizing Chinese torreya shells. The method is characterized by taking the Chinese torreya shells as raw materials to prepare modified biochar through anaerobic pyrolysis and then mixing the modified biochar with cow dung biogas residues, chemical fertilizers, urease inhibitors, nitrification inhibitors, and the like, thus preparing high-efficiency slow release fertilizers. The prepared slow release fertilizers are simple in production process, accessible in raw materials and low in production cost, can not only conduce to effectively increasing the use ratios of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and reducing nutrient loss but also conduce to improving the soil quality and the agricultural product quality, and are beneficial to benign development of agricultural ecosystems.

The invention discloses a method for preparing a biological carbon based slow-release fertilizer by using pecan shells/torreya grandis fruit shells. The method comprises the following steps: by taking pecan shells/torreya grandis fruit shells as a raw material, preparing modified biological carbon through anaerobic pyrolysis, and mixing with cow dung biogas residues, chemical fertilizers, a urease inhibitor and a nitrification inhibitor to prepare a high-efficiency slow-release fertilizer. The slow-release fertilizer prepared by using the method is simple in production process, easy in obtaining raw materials, low in production cost and beneficial for benign development of agriculture ecological systems as not only is the utilization rate of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium effectively increased and is the nutrient loss reduced, but also the soil quality is improved, and the quality of agriculture products is improved.

The invention provides a biological preventing and treatment chemical for isatis root diseases and insect pests as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the field of agricultural production and agricultural ecosystem protection. The biological preventing and treatment chemical for isatis root diseases and insect pests provided by the invention is prepared from traditional Chinese medicine ingredients and chemical and biological ingredients; the isatis root diseases and insect pests can be effectively killed; the ingredients are simple; the drug tolerance generated by the isatis root diseases and insect pests can be effectively avoided; the environment-friendly effect is achieved; the isatis root diseases and insect pests can be comprehensively prevented and treated; the influence on environment is reduced. According to the preparation method of the biological preventing and treatment chemical for isatis root diseases and insect pests, the chemical with high drug effect and obvious effect can be prepared by a simple means; the cost can be conveniently reduced.

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural culture and particularly relates to a plant disease and insect pest resisting fertilizer for stevia rebaudiana. The fertilizer comprises the ingredients in parts by weight: 30-60 parts of inorganic fertilizer, 0-4 parts of acephate, 0-4 parts of dichlorobenzene ether ester, 1-3 parts of matrine, 1-3 parts of derris, 10-20 parts of plant ash and 20-30 parts of animal dung. According to the fertilizer, nutrient elements are reasonably matched and proportioned; after the fertilizer is applied, the problem in nutritional requirement of the stevia rebaudiana is solved, the utilization rate of the fertilizer is increased, environmental pollution caused by fertilizer loss is reduced, and the sustainable development of an agricultural ecosystem is facilitated, so that the fertilizer has relatively high economic benefits and popularization values; and plant diseases and insect pests can be effectively resisted.

The invention discloses a desert rice field ecological system, and belongs to the field of agricultural ecology. Fresh water is used for desert salt elimination by means of a water transfer project, an ecological system with rice as a main body is built, and the problems that the soil fertility of a traditional rice field ecological system is reduced year by year, the environment is deteriorated, and the ecology is degraded are solved. The technical key to solve the problems is that the salt content of the rice field is gradually reduced through fresh water washing, salt drying, salt collection and salt content gradual reduction, excrement enters a pond to prepare fertilizer through retting, straw is fed to cattle, rice chaff is fed to pigs, interference of farmland interference factors is reduced, cleanliness of well water is guaranteed through the filtering effect of pelelith, daily detergent waste liquid is guided into closed tree root soil through a pipeline, and health and safety of an ecological system are kept by forbidding use of harmful chemical compounds, hybrid varieties and transgenic varieties. The desert rice field ecological system is used for desert environment reconstruction and green agricultural ecological system construction.