182results about How to "Overcome obstacles to continuous cropping" patented technology

The invention relates to a Chinese yam matrix transverse cultivation method. The Chinese yam matrix transverse cultivation method is characterized by comprising the following steps of (1) preparing cultivation matrix for Chinese yams, (2) preparing Chinese yam seeds and accelerating germination, (3) preparing a matrix cultivation trough and a field facility layout, (4) filling matrixes, (5) sowing and planting seedlings, (6) tending a field and (7) harvesting. The Chinese yam matrix transverse cultivation method remarkably lowers labor intensity when the Chinese yams are cultivated and harvested, saves producing cost, and is convenient to popularize in a large scale. Furthermore, the Chinese yam matrix transverse cultivation method overcomes successive cropping obstacles to a large extent, and largely improves the yield and the quality of the Chinese yams.

The invention relates to a fungus cultivation mode, in particular to a greenhouse shelf type cultivation method for toadstool. A multilayer mushroom bed is used, bamboo is laid at the bottom of the mushroom bed, a wire mesh and plastic film are flat laid on the bamboo in sequence, and drainage holes are punched in the plastic film; soil spreading for seeding, spawn running management, bag placing for enrichment and fruiting management are performed. According to the method, it is only needed to utilize a simple shading net greenhouse and natural environmental conditions, the production cost is low, the fruiting effect is good, the land utilization rate is remarkably increased, continuous cropping obstacles of field cultivation of the toadstool can be effectively avoided, it is not needed to change the site, intensive, large-scale and standard artificial cultivation of the toadstool is promoted, and therefore method has great promotional value and broad market prospects.

The invention discloses a plug seedling substrate of tomatoes and a preparation method. Peat is taken as the material; excrements of livestocks are taken as earthworm foodstuff; environment suitable for the growth of earthworms is provided; wormcast which is processed and generated by the earthworms is sieved to obtain wormcast compost with the grain size being 1-4mm; and the peat and the wormcast compost are fully mixed; mineral materials with a certain fineness such as expandable vermiculite, perlite and the like are added to improve the physical properties and the buffer performance of the substrate to generate a novel tomato seedling substrate. The percent by volume of various components are that the peat accounts for 15-25%, the wormcast compost accounts for 55-65%, the expandable gardening vermiculite accounts for 5-15% and the perlite accounts for 5-15%. The plug seedling substrate disclosed by the invention has the advantages of simplicity in preparation method, richness in resource, low cost of materials, turning waste into wealth, reducing environmental pollution and sufficient nutrient. The plug seedling substrate is used for the plug seedling of tomatoes, eliminates top application during seedling raising, improves the quality of tomato seedlings and reduces the pesticide application. Thus, the seedling quality is ensured, the cost and the labor are saved and the survival and the high-quality and efficient growth of the tomato seedlings, the yield and the construction of quality are ensured.

The invention provides a solanum tuberosum and double cropping rice rotation crop rotation culture method for improving a south double cropping rice paddy soil micro-aggregate structure, and belongs to the field of agricultural production. The method mainly comprises the first step of solanum tuberosum high-yield cultivation and the second step of early rice and late rice high-yield cultivation, wherein the first step comprises the substeps of preparation before seeding, variety selection, cutting of seed solanum tuberosum, seeding at suitable time and coverage of straw and a mulching film, field management comprising timely film breaking, topdressing, drainage and insect disease prevention, timely harvesting, and field returning of solanum tuberosum stem leaves and straw for coverage, and the second step comprises the substeps of variety selection, seedling transplanting, filed management comprising scientific fertilization, weeding, irrigation and insect disease prevention, timely harvesting and field returning of straw. By means of the method, south double cropping rice paddy winter agriculture can be reasonably developed, the rice paddy soil micro-aggregate structure is effectively improved, soil is fertilized, economic benefits of solanum tuberosum in one season are increased on the basis of ensuring the double cropping rice yield, the purposes of improving the rice paddy soil structure and obtaining high-yield year-round crops are achieved, and the popularization value is high.

The invention discloses a wood-vinegar-containing biological compound fertilizer. The biological compound fertilizer is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of microbial inoculant, 20-30 parts of urea, 5-10 parts of diammonium phosphate, 10-20 parts of potassium chloride, 4-8 parts of calcium magnesia phosphate fertilizer, 10-15 parts of biochar, 1-3 parts of nano titanium dioxide, 0.5-1.5 parts of zinc sulfate, 0.2-1 part of copper sulfate and 2-5 parts of wood vinegar. The biological compound fertilizer is capable of enhancing the utilization ratio of the fertilizer, saving the raw materials and increasing the crop yield, and is also capable of supplying comprehensive nutrients required by crop growth, regulating plant growth and development, killing and resisting bacteria, expelling pests, effectively lowering the disease and pest morbidity and reducing the pesticide use.

The invention discloses ferment liquid-state fertilizer. The ferment liquid-state fertilizer is prepared from the following components, in parts by weight: 60-120 parts of apple peel, 60-120 parts ofbanana peel, 60-120 parts of watermelon peel, 50-100 parts of citrus pomace, 50-100 parts of guava leaf, 80-120 parts of plant ash, 25-35 parts of cane sugar, 10-15 parts of medium element, 3-5 partsof microelement, 8-10 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 8-10 parts of shell powder, 6-8 parts of pectin compound enzyme, 6-8 parts of enzyme microorganism and 3-5 parts of EM (effective microorganism) flora. The ferment liquid-state fertilizer can improve the soil environment, promotes soil microbial metabolism to be vigorous, adsorbs and degrades the soil elements, enhances crops to grow healthily andvigorously, improves the quality and yield of the crops, avoids using of chemical pesticides, and has the advantages of being environmentally friendly, healthy and low-cost planting.

The invention provides a gentiana macrophylla planting method for preventing successive cropping obstacles. The method includes the steps of land selection, soil preparation, planting, field management and harvesting, wherein low-temperature treatment is conducted on seeds before sowing, the seeds are soaked in concentrated sulfuric acid and 10-15 ppm gibberellin diluent, and the germination rate and survival rate of the seeds can be greatly increased. A continuous cropping agent is additionally applied during field management, organic matter, microorganisms and nutritional ingredients of soil are increased, release of allelochemicals of the root of gentiana macrophylla is reduced, the normal soil microenvironment can be kept, withering and lesions generated in the growth process of gentiana macrophylla can be avoided, the successive cropping obstacles can be prevented, the disease resisting performance of gentiana macrophylla is improved, use of pesticide is reduced, the stability and environment friendliness of the pesticide effect of gentiana macrophylla are kept, the quality of gentiana macrophylla is improved, and the yield of gentiana macrophylla is increased.

The invention relates to a cultivation method for overcoming continuous cropping obstacle of eggplants, which is characterized by taking tomatoes or wilds tomatoes as parental stocks and taking coins as an eggplant variety; respectively culturing parental stock seedlings and coin seedlings, grafting and seedling by a cleft graft method to form eggplant graftings combining the parental stocks and the coins, fixedly planting the seedlings after the seedlings survive; making high plots or high ridges of 18cm, and fixedly planting the grafted seedlings in accordance with the row spacing of 70cm and the planting distance of 50cm, wherein the position of a grafting cutter point is 5cm higher than that of the ridge surface or the plot surface; carrying out plant adjustment by a double-rod pruning method after fixed planting to promote the germination of lateral branches, repeatedly carrying out topping treatment to generate multiple lateral branches, thus forming multiple fruits; and culturing until the eggplants mature. In the invention, the grafting and the root changing belong to the biological agronomic measures, the operation is simple, the application is convenient, no pollution is generated to environment and agricultural products during the process of production, and the high quality of the agricultural products can be maintained. The seed source of parental stocks is easily to obtain, the production cost is low, the effect on overcoming continuous cropping obstacle is obvious, and the purposes of continuously planting eggplants in the same block and plastic tent and realizing stable production can be achieved.

The invention discloses a plant growth nutrient solution prepared from solid organic wastes and a preparation method of the nutrient solution. The plant growth nutrient solution is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 20-40% of pyroligneous liquor, 30-50% of ferment, 10-30% of compost from earthworm mixed solution and 5-10% of plant extraction solution. The nutrient solution is convenient and uniform to spray, is capable of loosening soil, has a water retaining function and is capable of reducing salinity and alkalinity of the soil, reducing harmful slat components of the soil and improving the fertility of the soil; and the nutrient solution is non-toxic, harmless, pollution-free and environment-friendly, simple in preparation process and low in cost, so that the industrial continuous production is facilitated.

The invention discloses an organic amendment capable of passivating Cu, Zn and Pb in soil of a vegetable field. The organic amendment is composed of the following components by mass percent: 10% to 50% of phosphate rock powder and 50% to 90% of wormcast. The organic amendment can be used for passivating heavy metals in contaminated soil, and especially used for passivating the Cu, the Zn and the Pb in the vegetable field soil which is moderately or slightly contaminated so as to decrease the content of the heavy metals in an acid extracting state, an oxidation state and other active states and increase the content of the heavy metals in an organic state, a residual state and other low active states, so that the content of the Cu, the Zn and the Pb in plants is obviously reduced, and a large quantity or an intermediate quantity of micronutrients required by the growth of the plants can be provided at the same time. Thus, the soil property is improved, the ecosystem health of the soil in the degraded vegetable field is restored, and the successive cropping obstacles of the soil are overcome. As a result, the yield and the quality of vegetables are improved.

Disclosed is a drip irrigation planting method for crop rotation of arch-shed onions and cantaloupes in an open field. According to the method, in the open field, arch-shed planting of the onions is conducted in spring, and direct-sowing planting of the cantaloupes is conducted in autumn. By means of the method, the planting structure can be adjusted, crop rotation within one year is achieved, the soil structure is improved, the occurrence of the continuous cropping obstacles of the cantaloupes is prevented, the use of pesticide, fertilizer and irrigation water is reduced, the production cost is reduced, and the quality of the cantaloupes is improved; through crop rotation, two-season cultivation within one year is achieved; compared with the modes of intercropping of cotton and cantaloupes, planting of cantaloupes in spring and autumn and crop-rotation furrow (flooding) irrigation planting of cantaloupes and sorghum, the economic benefits are high, the incidence rate of diseases and pests is low, the land utilization rate is high, the technology is easy to popularize, and the ecological benefits are obvious.

The invention discloses a paddy-upland rotation general mode for managing protected watermelon continuous cropping obstacle. The paddy-upland rotation method includes the steps of implementing a continuous flooding processing for four months after protected greenhouse watermelon harvest in spring; flexibly planting aquatic vegetables such as ipomoea aquatic, watercress, water bamboo, arrowhead, water chestnut, lotus root and water caltrop according to local agricultural planting habits and local market demands; ending the growing of aquatic vegetables after winter coming; and draining off water, plowing the land and freezing the upturned soil so as to continuously plant watermelons in spring of the following year. With no impact on watermelon yield, the paddy-upland rotation method is capable of effectively preventing the fusarium wilt of the cropping water melon in the following year and dangers of soil salinization.

The invention discloses a preparation process for producing a tobacco organic compound fertilizer by utilizing animal manure. The preparation process is characterized in that: the fermentation process comprises the following stages: the first stage: mixing fresh pig manure with straw or bacterial residues, adding into a special stainless steel fermentation tank after mixing, heating to 70-90 DEG C, simultaneously uniformly adding a strain, performing fermentation operation, simultaneously performing stirring operation during the heating process, stirring to enable the temperature of contents to be uniform, killing harmful bacterial and insect eggs, switching off after heating for a period of time, maintaining at the temperature of 70-90 DEG C by relying on heat energy of fermenting organisms, and taking out of the tank after 12-24h; the second stage: adopting an air inflation pump and an air inflation pipeline to perform high-pressure air inflation and accumulation for further fermentation so as to realize further loss of part of water; and the third stage: adding trace elements, uniformly stirring, then granulating, further spraying a functional microorganism fertilizer on the surface, and bagging.

The invention relates to the technical field of medicinal plant cultivation, in particular to a Ganoderma lucidum facility cultivation method. The Ganoderma lucidum facility cultivation method includes: feeding water to lands in Ganoderma lucidum cultivation sheds after the Ganoderma lucidum is harvested, scattering lime nitrogen and/or slaked lime to watered lands, removing sun-shading systems ofthe sheds, retaining farm films, sealing the Ganoderma lucidum cultivation sheds to perform shed closing; performing deep ploughing on soil in the sheds after the sheds are closed for 7-21 days; performing chlorine dioxide neutralization and disinfection, opening the farm films, scattering seeds of Astragalus sinicus and/or ryegrass in the Ganoderma lucidum cultivation sheds after the soil is dry, and allowing the Astragalus sinicus and/or ryegrass to naturally grow; and performing arrangement on next Ganoderma lucidum cultivation after performing deep ploughing on the soil where the Astragalus sinicus and/or ryegrass is planted. The Ganoderma lucidum facility cultivation method can reconstruct a soil micro-ecosystem by performing watering, disinfection, deep ploughing, and plant fertilization on the Ganoderma lucidum cultivation sheds, and can effectively solve the problem of successive cropping obstacles of the Ganoderma lucidum.

The invention provides a high-yield cultivation method adopting cotton-peanut intercropping in a year and inter-annual local crop rotation. According to the technical scheme, the method includes: cotton and peanuts are sown at the same time in the first year, four rows of peanuts are planted in a strip-shaped and intercropping manner after every two rows of cotton are planted in a strip-shaped manner, and alternating intercropping of the cotton sowing strips and the peanut sowing strips is performed; the cotton and the peanuts are sown at the same time in the second year, local crop rotation is performed, two rows of cotton are planted in a strip-shaped manner after every four rows of peanuts are planted in a strip-shaped manner, and alternating intercropping of the peanut sowing strips and the cotton sowing strips is performed. The method has the advantages that growth is regulated by the different space and time sequence configurations of the cotton and the peanuts, stress resistance is increased, yield is guaranteed and stabilized, successive cropping obstacles are relieved, and high yield of both the cotton and the peanuts is achieved.

The invention relates to a fertilizer special for corn, and concretely relates to a half-organic fermentation fertilizer fertilized to corn and a preparation method thereof. The to-be solved technical problem is to provide the half-organic half-inorganic fertilizer special for corn plantation in wheat and corn continuous cropping, wheat straws and hard stubbles are effectively utilized, the microbe content in siol is increased, and continuous cropping obstacle is reduced. The employed technical scheme comprises that the fertilizer special for corn comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 35-43 parts of urea, 30-35 parts of diammonium hydrogenphosphate, 15-18 parts of potassium chloride, 1-2 parts of zinc sulfate, 5-8 parts of microelement fertilizer, 30-40 parts of wheat straw, 5-8 parts of fulvic acid, 25-30 parts of humic acid. A preparation method of the fertilizer is shown in the specification.

The invention discloses a preventing and treating method of a muskmelon successive cropping obstacle. The method includes the following steps of firstly, scattering lime nitrogen and quick lime in soil in the fallow period of a facility greenhouse, conducting turning, leveling and greenhouse sealing and watering, and covering the soil with a white thin film after watering for greenhouse suffocating treatment; secondly, removing the plastic thin film after greenhouse suffocating ends, conducting turning and ventilating treatment after the greenhouse ventilating treatment, scattering a biological organic fertilizer and a compound fertilizer, conducting rotary tillage, even mixing, ridging and black film covering, planting cultivated muskmelon seedlings in the soil, and spraying an amino acidleaf surface fertilizer on muskmelons once every 8-12 days. By means of the method, the soil is disinfected in the early period, and the muskmelon successive cropping obstacle is reduced; by applyingthe biological organic fertilizer, the physical and chemical properties of the soil are improved, the consumption of the chemical fertilizer is reduced, meanwhile the content of organic matter in thesoil is increased, the microorganism flora of the muskmelon planting soil is reconstructed, crop growth and nutrient absorption are facilitated, and on the other end, by means of the biological organic fertilizer and the amino acid leaf surface fertilizer, the muskmelon yield can be ensured and the muskmelon quality can be improved.

The invention discloses a crop rotation and intercropping method for three crops including sugarcane, silage corn and millet. The method comprises the steps of intercropping sugarcane and millet or silage corn on a piece of land, renovating a perennial root sugarcane field every 3-5 years, and intercropping millet or silage corn in an original sugarcane planting area, and conducting crop rotationon sugarcane in an original millet or silage corn planting area, wherein a crop of silage corn is subjected to crop rotation after each crop of millet is planted in the millet or silage corn plantingarea. Due to the fact that the growth cycle of millet and silage corn is short, a crop of millet and a crop of silage corn can be basically planted every time a crop of sugarcane is planted, namely acrop of sugarcane, a crop of millet and a crop of silage corn are harvested every year. Therefore, the method disclosed by the invention combines two planting modes of crop rotation and intercropping,so that the land is subjected to crop rotation, continuous cropping obstacles are avoided, meanwhile, the land is fully utilized, the land output quantity is increased, the land cost is reduced, andgood harvest of three crops including sugarcane, silage corn and millet is realized.

The invention relates to the field of agriculture soil, in particular to a method for producing a soil conditioner by using chrysanthemum endophytic fungi or probiotic. The method comprises the following steps: activating the chrysanthemum endophytic fungi or probiotic; culturing the chrysanthemum endophytic fungi or probiotic on a liquid culture medium which contains potato diffusion juice, chrysanthemum leaf diffusion juice and glucose, or a solid culture medium which contains chrysanthemum straws; adding a small amount of nutrient salt to the chrysanthemum endophytic fungi or probiotic; and soaking the roots when the chrysanthemum endophytic fungi or probiotic is transplanted or adding the chrysanthemum endophytic fungi or probiotic to rhizosphere soil directly. The production of the soil conditioner is not influenced by the environment, has short production period, simple production process, easily controlled production time and yield, and obvious effect. A method for soaking the root of a plant or irrigating with the soil conditioner and adding the soil-conditioner to soil directly is adopted so that the soil conditioner acts on the plant directly. The soil-conditioner has the advantages of simply method, easy operation, less usage, low cost, and good effect.

The invention belongs to the technical field of microbial fermentation, and provides a micro-ecological compound microbial agent and a method for processing a solid crop culture medium through the micro-ecological compound microbial agent for solving the problems that an existing culture medium cannot be reused, and if the culture medium is reused, continuous cropping obstacles are prone to being caused, and the culture medium becomes a carrier of soil-borne disease pollution and concentrated spread. The micro-ecological compound microbial agent is prepared by mixing bacillus amyloliquefaciens LH-1, bacillus licheniformis, pseudomonas cichorii, propionigenium modestum, thermotoga aritime, bacillus stearothermophilus, candida tropicalis, trichoderma harzianum, streptomycete, actinomyces meyeri and frankiaceae according to a certain ratio. According to the micro-ecological compound microbial agent and the method for processing the solid crop culture medium through the micro-ecological compound microbial agent, pathogenic bacteria can be effectively killed, and the continuous cropping obstacles are overcome; the mode that biological and physical measures are combined is scientifically applied to solve the problems existing in reuse of the matrix, the fruit and vegetable quality safety and zero pollution to the environment are guaranteed, the production cost of farmers is lowered, the agricultural product quality safety is guaranteed, and the ecological environment is protected; the culture medium can be reused for many times, and the growth and development of crops cannot be influenced.