895 results about "Crop rotation" patented technology

The invention discloses a water-saving fertilizer-saving method for crop rotation of winter wheat and summer maize and belongs to the technical field of agriculture. The water-saving fertilizer-saving method comprises a wheat planting method and a maize planting method, wherein the wheat planting method and the maize planting method both comprise steps of seeding, fertilizing, irrigating, field management, chemical weeding, pest control, harvesting and the like, and all the wheat and maize straws are returned to the fields. By means of the water-saving fertilizer-saving method, the effect of water saving, fertilizer saving and high yield is improved, the fertilizer utilization rate is increased, and fertilizing labor intensity and cost are reduced.

The invention discloses an ecological floating island and a building method thereof, the island comprises a floating island unit outline border (1), an outline border cover (2), floating-body filler (3), planting cups (4) and planting pipes (5). Under the synergic action of the floating-body filler (3), microorganisms growing on the floating-body filler (3) and plant root systems, optimal biological balance can be established, so that polluted water body can be treated continuously; meanwhile, the ecological floating island of the invention can be suitable for various plants, and crop rotation or interplanting can be carried out to achieve the effects of stereo planting and four-season planting, and treatment effect and landscape effect can be kept all year round; by adopting the planting cups (4) and the planting pipes (5), the workload for building the ecological floating island can be reduced and the survival rate of the cultivated plants is improved; in addition, the ecological floating island of the invention can be assembled in a laminating way, thus improving the pollution control efficiency greatly.

The invention relates to a simplified fertilizer application method of wheat and corn crop rotation anniversary, which is changed into an anniversary fertilizer application method that fertilizer application is carried out twice in a wheat season and fertilizer application is carried out once in a corn season from a traditional habitual fertilizer application method that the fertilizer application is carried out twice or three times in a wheat season and fertilizer application is carried out more than twice in a corn season. Wheat slow release fertilizer and corn slow release fertilizer are applied on crops, which not only can plan and consider the nutrient requirement of the anniversary of two-crop crops and ensure dependable crop and increasing yield of the crops but also can simplify fertilizer application times to a great extend and save labor force.

The invention relates to a bag cultivation method for interplanting radix tetrastigme in fruit-bearing forest land in a bionic mode. The method includes the steps of site selection, digging of planting furrows, manufacturing of special radix tetrastigme cultivation bags, processing of special radix tetrastigme cultivation media, bagging of the special radix tetrastigme cultivation media, planting of radix tetrastigme seedlings, placement of the cultivation bags, cultivation management, harvesting and the like. Radix tetrastigme is planted in the fruit-bearing forest land in the bionic mode through the special radix tetrastigme cultivation bags and the special radix tetrastigme cultivation media. The method achieves bionic cultivation directly due to the nature climatic conditions of the fruit-bearing forest land, is low in cost and easy to implement, the situation that as facilities such as greenhouses and pots are excessively adopted for cultivation, the quality of radix tetrastigme is reduced can be avoided, root tubers are prevented from being damaged in the digging process, and the problem of crop rotation obstacles is solved. The radix tetrastigme bag cultivation method does not conflict with growth of fruit trees, no greenhouse or tillage is needed, radix tetrastigme medical root tubers approaching to wild root tubers are planted out by full utilization of superior nature growth conditions of the fruit-bearing forest land, the quality is good, and yield is high.

The invention discloses an organic cultivation method of leaf vegetables. The method mainly comprises the following steps of vegetable variety selecting, crop rotation soil preparing, fertilizer applying, seedling transplanting sowing, insect preventing net covering, spraying irrigating, field managing, topdressing and harvesting. The vegetables are covered with an insect preventing net, insects are prevented, the organic fertilizer formed by fermenting pure wormcast, plant ash, straw, smoked soil, bean cakes and cottonseed cakes is applied, and the organic vegetables without pesticide residues is produced. The organic cultivation method is simple, management is convenient, a new technology approach is provided for improving the vegetable quality and safety and producing organic vegetables, and the organic cultivation method is suitable for scale cultivation for farmers.

The invention provides a no-tillage direct seeding and mulching cultivation method of rice in the technical field of agricultural planting. In the cultivation method, Chinese milk vetch serves as green manure in winter, and is mulched on the ground surface as organic green manure before the seeding of the rice; and all rice straws are returned to the field, and are mulched on the ground surface after the rice is harvested; therefore, the permanent no-tillage of a rice field and the direct seeding of the rice are put into practice, and thus the crop rotation of the rice and the green manure are put into practice. When the method is adopted, the growth and development of soil organisms are improved; the diversity of the soil organisms is enriched; the application of fertilizers is reduced; the widespread pollution of a farming land is reduced; labor and force are saved; the agricultural planting efficiency is improved; and the quality of the rice is improved.

The invention discloses a planting method for crop rotation of edible fungi and rice. The edible fungi are Lentinula edodes or stropharia rugoso-annulata or black fungi, and according to the planting method, one kind of the edible fungi is selected to be planted alternately with the rice. According to the planting method for the crop rotation of the edible fungi and the rice, the crop rotation is carried out on the Lentinula edodes or the stropharia rugoso-annulata or the black fungi and the rice, the land utilization rate is improved, and the economic benefit is increased. Meanwhile, due to the fact that fungus residues are returned to fields after the edible fungi are harvested, soil humus is increased, soil fertility is improved, the application amount of fertilizer and pesticides for the rice is reduced, and the investment of manpower, the fertilizer and the pesticides is lowered.

The invention relates to a crop rotation matching and fertilizing method capable of controlling accumulation of rice heavy metal cadmium and belongs to the technical field of rice planting. The crop rotation matching and fertilizing method provided by the invention comprises the steps of 1) selecting cruciferae or leguminous crop with high sulphur content as a previous crop; 2) applying sulphur base fertilizer with sulphur ratio of 0.25-5.0kg/666.7m<2> when the previous crop is planted, or spraying 0.05-1.0% of sulphate for at least 1-3 times in a reproductive stage; 3) taking the previous crop as green manure, smashing or directly turning the previous crop into soil to be mixed with the soil 5-15 days before rice transplantation, and carrying out waterflooding on the transplanted rice seedling; and 4) repeating the steps 1)-3) year over year. The previous crop matching mode adopted in the invention roots in the traditional peasant production mode, sulphur fertilizer is also taken as the traditional farming measure, an operation process is simple, price is low, usage cost is low, the crop rotation matching and fertilizing method provided by the invention is universally applicable to heavily, medially and mildly cadmium-polluted rice field and crop production lands in China, and cadmium content in rice can be obviously reduced.

The invention discloses a method of quickly repairing a cadmium polluted cultivated land by crop rotation of a cadmium super-enriching plant and an energy plant. The method comprises the following step: planting the cadmium super-enriching plant and the energy plant in the cadmium polluted cultivated land in the natural growth periods thereof for conventional cultivation to achieve the purpose ofrepairing the cadmium polluted cultivated land by means of adsorbing and enriching abilities of the cadmium super-enriching plant and the energy plant, wherein the cadmium super-enriching plant is sedum plumbizincicola and the energy plant is sorghum or oilseed rape. The invention provides a planting mode which is not limited by growth seasons. Based on one year as the repair period, the soil repair efficiency of the polluted cultivated land is increased by means of a relatively long growth period in multi-cropping plantation, and the method is short in repair period, high in operability and low in cost, and repairs the land more thoroughly.

The invention discloses a crop rotation method for southern rice areas. In a cycle of two years, summer dryland commercial crops, winter dryland cereal crops, rice and winter green manure crops are rotationally planted; rotation of paddy field crops and dryland crops is adopted; soil structure is improved, and less disease and insect damage occurs; crops for rotation are reasonably arranged; the winter crops are planted, and land utilization rate is increased; the green manure crops are planted, farming and land maintaining are combined, and soil fertility is improved; the commercial crop planting and cereal crop planting are combined, and economic benefit is increased.

The invention relates to a plant restoration technology for heavy metal-contaminated soil, specifically to a method for repairing heavy metal-contaminated soil by using oilseed rape-oil sunflower crop rotation technology. The method overcomes the problems of seasonal restriction, slow growth, low biomass of an overground part, low total absorption and accumulation amount of heavy metals, tolerance and enrichment capability to only one single heavy metal, bad economic benefits and poor comprehensive effects in practical application of plants used in conventional heavy metal-contaminated soil restoration technology. According to the method provided by the invention, oilseed rape and oil sunflower are planted in soil contaminated by compound heavy metals according to the natural growing periods of the oilseed rape and the oil sunflower, and conventional cultivation is carried out; the oilseed rape and the oil sunflower both grow normally in the contaminated soil, no obvious symptom of toxicity appears, and the outputs of the oilseed rape and the oil sunflower are not affected; and since the biomass of the overground parts of the oilseed rape and the oil sunflower is great, a great amount of various heavy metals can be absorbed and accumulated, and in particular, the contents of Cu, Zn, Cd and Hg in the plants of the oilseed rape and the oil sunflower are obviously higher than soil background values, reaching an enrichment level.

The invention relates to an interplant method of camellia oleifera and torreya grandis young growth. The interplant method of the camellia oleifera and the torreya grandis young growth is characterized in that peanut and upland rice are interplanted at intervals between the camellia oleifera and the torreya grandis young growth, and the peanut and the upland rice interchange positions in the nest year. The interplant method of the camellia oleifera and the torreya grandis young growth has the advantages that the upland rice provides shade for the camellia oleifera or the torreya grandis so that expense of sheltering nets is reduced, interplanted the upland rice and the peanut can store water and keep moisture for the torreya grandis young growth so as to avoid water and soil loss, the peanut provides nitrogen needed during in the early stage of production of the camellia oleifera by means of a biological nitrogen fixation function of the nodule bacteria so that nitrogenous fertilizer is saved, intercropping and crop rotation of the interplanted crop can not only avoid damage, caused by continuous cropping, to the soil but also have functions of restraining occurrence and spread of plant diseases and insect pests and isolation, tend is replaced with cultivation, weeds are restrained, management cost of the camellia oleifera or the torreya grandis is reduced, the utilization rate and the copping index of the forest land are improved and economic benefits are increased.

The invention discloses a method for fast improving newly-reclaimed saline wasteland. The method is achieved through the steps of land formation, irrigation salt leaching, alkali pressing by laying sand, forward crop planting and crop rotation planting. The method has the beneficial effects that according to the method for fast improving the newly-reclaimed saline wasteland, the yield of oil sunflowers, beet and other saline-alkaline tolerant forward crops can be improved by above 20%, and the stable yield of wheat after three years is 6,000 kg/hm<2>; meanwhile, desalination can be fast achieved through land formation, alkali pressing by laying the sand and irrigation salt leaching; efficient utilization can be achieved through forward crop planting and reasonable crop rotation, and the newly-reclaimed saline wasteland is improved when utilized.

The invention discloses a planting method for regulating and controlling continuous cropping obstacles of atractylides macrocephala koidz, which comprising the following steps of: applying 40 to 100g of lime nitrogen to each square meter of a continuous cropping field, performing deep tillage, watering soil by using 500 to 1,000 times of prochloraz or fluazinam, covering by using a thin film for 15 to 20 days, uncovering the thin film, ventilating for 10 to 15 days, and planting the atractylides macrocephala koidz and applying 0.5 to 3.5kg of biological organic fertilizer per 5 square meters; and irrigating the root of the atractylides macrocephala koidz once by using 500 to 1,000 times of the prochloraz or the fluazinam or hymexazol before disease outbreak in June and July; or the planting method comprises the following steps of: ploughing and covering the thin film after the crop rotation of spring corn, irrigating until water is above the soil surface, keeping hermetic for 20 to 90 days, and uncovering the thin film to plant the atractylides macrocephala koidz. By the planting method, the incidence rate of diseases such as root rot, southern blight and the like of the atractylides macrocephala koidz is reduced greatly, the seedling survival rate of the atractylides macrocephala koidz is improved, and the yield of atractylides macrocephala koidz rhizomes is improved. Simultaneously, the utilization rate of land can be improved to improve economic benefits.

The invention relates to a bag type cultivation method for bionic interplanting of Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Diels et Gilg on a bamboo forest land. The bag type cultivation method comprises the steps of site selection, making of cultivation bags special for the Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Diels et Gilg, making of a cultivation substrate special for the Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Diels et Gilg, bagging of the cultivation substrate, planting of Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Diels et Gilg seedlings, arrangement of the cultivation bags, cultivation management, harvesting and the like. According to the method, the specially-made cultivation bags and cultivation substrate special for the Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Diels et Gilg are adopted for realizing wild bionic planting of the Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Diels et Gilg on the bamboo forest land in order to obtain Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Diels et Gilg medicinal root tubers. According to the method disclosed by the invention, the Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Diels et Gilg is interplanted under a natural climate condition by using the specific site condition of the bamboo forest land, so that the Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Diels et Gilg medicinal root tubers which have high quality and high yield and are comparable to wild Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Diels et Gilg medicinal root tubers in quality can be planted. Bag type cultivation is adopted, and the cultivation bags are arranged on the surface of the bamboo forest land without coming into conflict with the growth of a bamboo forest with developed root systems, so that the construction of a greenhouse and shading are not required, and the method is low in cost and easy in operation. Moreover, crop rotation can be realized, and the multi-cropping index and economic benefit of the bamboo forest land are increased greatly.

The invention relates to a method for propagating vigorous clonal Malus prunifolia own-rooted stock seedlings of apple trees. According to the method, Malus prunifolia cutting seedlings are propagated first based on the Malus prunifolia hard wood cutting technology, and the cutting seedlings are kept at the origin position to serve as stock plants; a Malus prunifolia own-rooted stock seedling layering propagation garden is built according to the vertical layering method, and the Malus prunifolia own-rooted stock seedlings are propagated in batches every year afterwards; after the Malus prunifolia own-rooted stock seedling vertical-layering propagation garden is built, the clonal Malus prunifolia own-rooted stock seedlings can be continuously harvested in 15-20 years. By means of the method, the operation of carrying out Malus prunifolia hard wood cutting propagation by crop rotation and land search every year is not needed, and more than 1/3 of nursery land is saved for propagating dwarf interstock apple seedlings.

The invention relates to a novel cultivation technology for preventing and controlling banana fusarium wilt, which is characterized in that mixed planting of banana and Chinese chive is adopted and root exudate or residue putrilage of Chinese chive is used for inhibiting fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Cubense. The cultivation technology for preventing and controlling banana fusarium wilt by taking Chinese chive as a core comprises crop rotation and intercropping. The technology has low incidence for whether plantain or banana (Musa AAA Group Cavendish), even no disease, and is suitable for application in a large area.

The invention discloses a rice field-upland field rotation planting method for broad beans, potatoes and rice. The method comprises the following steps: (1) midseason rice production: planting midseason rice in well ploughed rice fields; (2) ratoon rice production: instantly irrigating the fields and seeding after midseason rice harvest, draining water in the rice fields after ratoon rice harvest; (3) broad bean sowing: seeding in the drained rice fields in a mode of seeding two lines while skipping two lines; (4) potato sowing: seeding in the idle lines after broad bean sowing, and enabling straw to be covered on the fields after seeding; and (5) harvest: harvesting fresh broad bean pods and the potatoes on April 27th to May 3rd next year. According to the rice field-upland field rotation planting method, crop economy benefits of limited land resources and temperature and light utilization of crops are organically combined to the largest extent according to eco-climate conditions of Chongqing Municipality, the complementary advantages of growth periods, growth vigor and water-fertilizer utilization and the like of the rice, the broad beans and the potatoes are ingeniously utilized, crop rotation and relay intercropping are arranged reasonably, light and temperature resources are fully effectively utilized, the complementary advantages among the crops are utilized, agricultural planting benefits are maximized, and the method is easily understood and saves labor.

The invention relates to a method capable of effectively preventing and treating the root rot of angelica, which belongs to the technical fields of medicinal plant cultivation and plant protection. The invention is an integrative preventing and treating method for the root rot of the angelica, which takes the prevention of an agricultural measure as a main part and the prevention and the treatment of a medicament as an auxiliary part. The method comprises the following steps: planting a disease resisting seed source, planting at a high-altitude region, carrying out crop rotation reasonably, adopting healthy seeds and seedlings, improving the permeability of the field, enhancing the management of fertilizer and water, clearing diseased leaves and stubbles, applying pesticide with low toxicity and low residue to land blocks which are easily attacked and suffer from comparatively serious diseases and carrying out chemical prevention and treatment. The typical investigation of the technology shows that the economic loss of a farmer can be redeemed by 20-30% under an equivalent condition. The invention has the advantages of simple and convenient operation, lower cost and obvious economic benefit and social benefit, solves the problem of the disease of the root rot of the angelica effectively, increases the yield of the angelica, can also ensure the quality and safety of medicinal materials and is widely suitable for the planting of the medicinal materials of the angelica.

The invention discloses a crop reaping and binding machine. The crop reaping and binding machine comprises a reaping table, a conveying groove, a feeding device, a binding mechanism and a dynamic travelling system, wherein the reaping table pulls crops to the conveying groove after reaping the crops, the conveying groove conveys the crops to the feeding device, the feeding device feeds the crops into the binding mechanism, and the binding mechanism binds the crops, bound crops fall into a storage box after being discharged and then are concentratedly transported to an appointed place, and the dynamic travelling system is used for realizing a travelling function of the binding machine and providing power for the conveying groove and the binding mechanism. The crop reaping and binding machine has the advantages that by means of finishing the processes of reaping, picking, binding, storing and the like at a time, a cropland is emptied for next-stubble crops immediately, and crop rotation contradiction is relieved; in addition, the crops are transported to the fixed places for concentrated after-ripening, so that crop seeds are protected from mildewing loss caused by overcast and rainy weather, and the economic benefit for crop production is increased.

The invention relates to a cultivation waste water trickle irrigation method for a wheat-corn crop rotation system in arid-semiarid regions. The method adopts cultivation waste water undergoing standard-reaching treatment, fully utilizes the advantages of a farmland trickle irrigation system, determines maximum farmland irrigation amount and reasonable irrigation frequency of the cultivation waste water for wheat and corns, and forms a water-fertilizer integrated staple-crop cultivation waste water irrigation system having ecological characteristics of the northern arid-semiarid regions on the premises of guaranteeing crop yield, quality and environmental safety. On the condition that the crops are high-yield, the method enables the cultivation-industry waste water to be effectively utilized, can reduce application amount of chemical nitrogenous fertilizer and further reduces surface source pollution.

The invention belongs to the technical field of animal husbandry, and specifically relates to a method for the ecological captive breeding of goats. According to the method for the ecological captive breeding of goats, a pasture planting base and a sports ground are established, wherein the pasture planting base is used for planting high-yield and high-quality pastures which are used as the feed sources of the captive goats, and the sports ground is used as a sport field for the goats; furthermore, the goat manure and urine in goat pens are collected to make organic fertilizer which is used for the planting fertilization of the pastures; one third of the pasture planting base is used for planting perennial pastures; and two thirds of the pasture planting base is used as an annual pasture planting area which is used for the crop rotation of cold-season and warm-season pastures. According to the method provided by the invention, the obvious conflict of land scramble between the breeding industry and the mountain planting industry is effectively solved and the mountain economic crops are not damaged by the grazed goats any more, so that the safe production is realized, the orderly development of the whole large-scale agriculture is promoted, sustainable development is obtained and eco-friendly development is realized.

The invention discloses a greenhouse watermelon and greenhouse broad bean rotation method of facility resource continuous utilization. Watermelon vines are pulled away and a greenhouse is cleaned after greenhouse watermelons are collected from August to October of the first year. Broad bean seeds are directly seeded on or broad bean seedlings after manual vernalization are transplanted on mulching films on two sides of an original drip irrigation zone. Broad bean straws are buried green and returned to fields from May to June of a next year, soil is activated, and soil organic matter is improved. The greenhouse is sealed in July of the next year. Autumn waxy corns are planted in the beginning of August of the next year, and fresh corns are harvested and come into the market in the last ten-day period of October. The corn straws are buried green and left mulching films in the field are cleaned in November of the next year. Watermelon plant facility and watermelon seedlings bed for the next year are prepared in December of the next year. According to different crop rotation time of the greenhouse watermelons, broad bean seeds are directly seeded or broad bean seedlings after the manual vernalization are transplanted for forcing culture, and therefore time of broad bean fresh pods to market can be shifted to earlier time from January to June.

The invention provides a ginger seedling-raising, transplanting and cultivating method, which comprises the processes of raising seedlings, accelerating germinations and rooting, adopting seedling adaptation in a shed, transplanting feeding blocks, planting in fields, managing and obtaining in the fields, and the like. The method comprises the following steps of: raising the seedlings in a seedling-raising arch shed after soaking ginger by using a ginger seed-soaking and direct-seeding agent, adding auxin to promote fibril to grow, when ginger seedlings grow to 15-20 cm, picking off the seedlings and transplanting in the feeding blocks, placing the feeding blocks in a greenhouse or a large arch shed to slow the seedlings for 5-10 days, transplanting the seedlings together with the feeding blocks in a field; and then carrying out corresponding field management and obtaining. Compared with the prior art, the field planting time is delayed; an extra spring crop can be planted; the method disclosed by the invention is beneficial to the crop-changing crop rotation; furthermore, farmer incomes can be increased; seedlings are raised in advance by using a nursery garden; in the event of transplanting, the seedlings can be graded; the method is beneficial to increasing the neatness and the survival rate of field seedlings; by means of mulching film coverage and feeding block transplanting, the mechanical operation is facilitated; the labour efficiency is greatly increased; and the method has better economic and social benefits.

The invention relates to a potash fertilizer application method used in cooperation with wheat-corn crop rotation anniversary whole straw returning.The method mainly includes the steps of returning straw to the field after corn harvesting, sowing wheat seeds, applying fertilizer, sowing corn in a no-tillage mode after wheat straw is returned to the field and applying fertilizer, wherein under the condition that wheat and corn are at the high-yield level and in other words, the wheat yield is 400-600 kg/mu and the corn yield is 500-700 kg/mu and under the condition that all wheat straw and corn straw are returned to the field after grain harvesting, calculated as K2O, the anniversary potassium nutrient input is 9-13 kg/mu, the application amount of wheat season nutrients accounts for 27-45% of the anniversary amount, and the application amount of corn season potassium nutrients accounts for 55-73% of the anniversary amount.Returning of straw of crops of two seasons is fully considered, powerful potassium compensation is conducted on soil, the fertilizer application amount and the distribution ratio are determined according to potassium requirement rules of the two types of crops, potassium supply in different growth periods of the two types of crops is ensured, total amount regulation and control and staged planning and management are achieved, the method is effectively combined with cultivation and tillage measures, the potash fertilizer utilization rate is greatly increased, and potassium balance of the soil-crop system and sustainable utilization of lands are ensured.