The invention relates to the technical field of crop cultivation, in particular to a technique of high-yield cultivation of rapes in a mountainous region, i.e. a high-yield planting method suitable for flue-cured interplanting of rapes in the mountainous region. The method comprises the following steps of: A, weeding prior to sowing; B, rapeseed sowing; C, spreading of fertilizer; D, weeding after sowing; E, field management; F, spreading of seedling fertilizer; G, cultivation of short and strong seedlings and prevention of lodging; H, prevention of aphids and powdery mildew; and I, growth and harvesting. The climate characteristics of much rainfall in the late summer and early autumn and rich resources of waste heat and the characteristics of large flue-cured planting area in the mountainous region can be utilized effectively. By adopting the cultivation method, compared with the yield of direct seeding, the total interplanting yield can be increased by 21.6-64.4 percent. The development space for rape growth can be expanded in the case of increasing scarcity of field resources. The method can be implemented easily, tillage-free interplanting, sowing under conditions with rainwater, spreading of fertilizer in holes and other methods are adopted, the production cost can be decreased greatly, the method can be promoted and applied in vast mountainous areas of Yunnan, the yield and efficiency of rape planting can be improved, and the income of farmers can be increased.